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People infected with rabies virus, once the disease occurs, the mortality rate is almost 100%. Therefore, it is very important to know the knowledge of rabies prevention and rabies vaccine to improve the awareness of safety prevention and self-protection.

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Rabies is an animal-borne infectious disease caused by rabies virus. Rabies virus enters the human body through bites and scratches of rabid animals, or human mucous membranes and damaged skin contact with saliva and tissues of rabid animals, causing illness.

But rabies is a preventable disease.

one

Which animals spread rabies?

In rabies epidemic areas, more than 99% of human rabies cases are caused by rabies virus transmitted by dogs, and very few are transmitted by cats and wild animals (such as foxes, wolves and bats). Birds, fish, insects, lizards, turtles and snakes will not be infected or spread rabies virus.

2

What are the main symptoms of rabies?

People suffering from rabies are characterized by high excitement, fear of water, fear of wind, paroxysmal pharyngeal muscle spasm and other symptoms. When patients see water, smell running water and drink water, they can all cause severe throat muscle spasm. Although they are too thirsty to drink, they can’t swallow even after drinking, so rabies is also called "water phobia".

The incubation period of rabies cases is mostly within 1 year, usually 1-3 months.

three

How to prevent rabies?

The means to prevent rabies is very simple. On the one hand, vaccinate dogs to improve their immune rate; In addition, we should also raise our awareness of self-prevention to avoid being injured by animals. Once injured, we should deal with the wound in time, see a doctor as soon as possible and get rabies vaccine.

Once bitten or scratched by a dog, don’t be lucky. Go to the rabies vaccination clinic designated by the Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission in time for standardized wound treatment and full vaccination, and if necessary, inject rabies immunoglobulin. Before seeing a doctor, wash the wound alternately with soapy water and flowing water as soon as possible if possible.

four

Where are the rabies vaccination clinics?

There are more than 100 designated rabies vaccination clinics in our city. The list, address and telephone number of clinics can be found on the official website of Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission, the official website of Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, or on WeChat WeChat official account of Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, or you can call 12320 Beijing Public Health Hotline for consultation.

five

What can we do to control rabies?

It is impossible to control rabies from the source simply by dealing with people after rabies exposure. The core strategy of rabies elimination is to carry out large-scale dog immunization in an all-round way. Blocking the transmission of rabies between dogs can reduce the transmission to humans and other mammals, which is the most effective, sustainable and economical means. The international experience in areas where there is no dog-to-dog rabies has also proved that it is effective to strengthen dog management and carry out large-scale immunization of dogs.

As a responsible host, we should:

• Vaccinate dogs with regular and qualified rabies vaccine for animals every year.

• Increase the awareness of responsible dog-keeping, don’t abandon it at will, and avoid abandoned dogs and stray dogs becoming the source of rabies transmission.

• Raise dogs in a civilized way, wear a leash for your dog, and avoid the occurrence of dog injuries, and also avoid the domestic dog being injured by sick dogs.

Attachment: List of rabies vaccination clinics in Beijing

Data as of September 28th, 2022.

Source: Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Contributed by: Institute of Immunoprevention, Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Process editor: tf008