"Ya ‘an Emergency" On September 6th, WeChat official account, the Ya ‘an Earthquake Relief Headquarters issued an announcement on receiving donations for disaster relief in the Ya ‘an disaster area caused by the "September 5th" Luding earthquake. At 12: 52 on September 5th, 2022, a 6.8-magnitude earthquake occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and the disasters in Shimian County and other places in Ya ‘an City were serious, and the city’s earthquake relief work has been fully launched. In order to promote the in-depth development of disaster relief work, it is decided to receive disaster relief donations from the whole society, and the relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

　　I. Receipt of funds

　　Name of RMB account: Ya ‘an Charity Federation, bank of deposit: China Construction Bank Ya ‘an Branch, account number: 51001778605051502428.

　　Name of RMB account: Ya ‘an Red Cross Society, bank of deposit: China Construction Bank Ya ‘an Branch, account number: 51001778605050884384.

　　Please note when donating: "9.5" Luding earthquake (Ya ‘an disaster area) disaster relief donation funds.

　　Second, the material receiving

　　Materials are received by Ya ‘an Charity Federation, Ya ‘an Red Cross Society and Ya ‘an Youth League Social Service Center.

　　Third, the donation contact number

　　Ya ‘an Charity Federation: 0835-2226804

　　Ya ‘an Red Cross Society: 0835-2310999

　　Yaan Youth League Organization Social Service Center: 0835-5899801

　　Core reading

　　The supreme leader’s cultural thoughts are profound and profound, and he gave correct answers to a series of important topics in cultural construction that meet the requirements of China’s reality and the times, and obtained scientific understanding that conforms to objective laws, which provided a powerful ideological weapon and scientific action guide for doing a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era and new journey and shouldering new cultural missions.

　　Propaganda and ideological and cultural work is related to the future and destiny of the party, the long-term stability of the country, the national cohesion and centripetal force, and it is an extremely important work. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new theories on cultural construction in the new era, which enriched and developed Marxist cultural theory, constituted the cultural chapter of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and formed the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader. The supreme leader’s cultural thoughts are profound and profound, and he gave correct answers to a series of important topics in cultural construction that meet the requirements of China’s reality and the times, and obtained scientific understanding that conforms to objective laws, which provided a powerful ideological weapon and scientific action guide for doing a good job in propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era and new journey and shouldering new cultural missions.

　　Answering the major issues of cultural construction from the height of national rejuvenation

　　Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. Culture makes the country prosperous and the nation strong. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "Without the prosperity of Chinese culture, there would be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of China people in modern times, which requires not only a solid material foundation, but also strong cultural support and spiritual strength. At present, we are promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization. The task of reform, development and stability is arduous and arduous, and all kinds of traditional and non-traditional, predictable and unpredictable risk challenges are unprecedented. The propaganda and ideological and cultural work is facing new situations and new tasks. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization in which material civilization and spiritual civilization are coordinated. How to promote the coordinated development of "two civilizations" and provide strong ideological guarantee, strong spiritual strength and favorable cultural conditions for the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation is a major issue that needs to be answered urgently.

　　Time is the mother of thought and practice is the source of theory. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has focused on the overall situation of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation, placed cultural construction in a prominent position in governing the country, and constantly deepened his understanding of the regularity of cultural construction. He has twice attended the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work, presided over meetings and delivered a series of important speeches on literary and artistic work, the party’s news and public opinion work, network security and informatization work, philosophy and social science work, ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and cultural inheritance and development. He presided over the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) Conference for many times, and Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party deliberated and adopted a series of plans and schemes to publicize the reform and development of ideological and cultural work, inspected various cultural inheritance and development projects in various places and put forward a series of requirements, creatively put forward major conclusions such as "two combinations", and systematically answered a series of major theoretical and practical questions about cultural construction in the new era. The cultural thought of the supreme leader adheres to the soul vein of Marxism and the root vein of Chinese excellent traditional culture, constantly promotes theoretical innovation, guides the practice of national rejuvenation with theoretical achievements that keep pace with the times, and leads the cultural construction in the new era to achieve historic achievements and changes. As a scientific theory that has been repeatedly tested by practice, the cultural thought of the supreme leader will surely lead the Chinese nation to make new achievements in the construction of modern civilization, constantly consolidate the common ideological foundation of the United struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups, and provide inexhaustible forge ahead for the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation.

　　Answering Major Issues of Cultural Construction from the Perspective of Global Civilization

　　The diversity of human civilization is one of the basic characteristics of the world. Civilization is colorful because of communication and enriched because of mutual learning. More than 200 countries and regions and more than 2,500 nationalities in the world have different histories, different national conditions and different cultures, which have nurtured colorful civilizations and painted colorful and vibrant pictures of human civilization. At present, the world’s great changes, which have never happened in a century, are accelerating their evolution. The changes of the world, the times and the history are unfolding in an unprecedented way, and various cultural trends of thought are stirring each other. Some western politicians instigated ideological opposition and camp confrontation, the cold war mentality lingered, and arguments such as "clash of civilizations" and "superiority of civilizations" emerged, which not only hindered the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations among countries, but also aggravated the peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit and governance deficit, making human society face unprecedented risk challenges. Facing the question of "What’s wrong with the world? What should we do?", General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stood at the height of the development process of human history, and with a broad vision of the world, successively put forward the concept of building a community of human destiny, the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, etc., in order to contribute China’s wisdom and provide China’s plan for promoting the progress of human civilization and building a better world.

　　To solve the outstanding contradictions and problems facing mankind, we need to rely on both material means to overcome difficulties and spiritual strength to be sincere and upright. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Equal exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations will provide a powerful spiritual guide for mankind to solve the problems of the times and achieve common development." Chinese civilization has a long history and is eclectic. It is not only a civilization rooted in China, but also a civilization formed by absorbing and learning from other civilizations. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has complied with the trend of the times of tolerance, coexistence, exchange and mutual learning among different civilizations, based on China’s one-million-year human history, 10,000-year cultural history and 5,000-year civilization history, and regarded the creation of new forms of human civilization as one of the essential requirements of Chinese modernization. He not only plans to promote cultural prosperity, build a cultural power and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation, but also draws a beautiful picture of promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and prospering human civilization. The cultural thought of the supreme leader runs through the essence of Marxism and the essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and contains rich ideas such as "the world is for the common good", "the world is one" and "harmony without difference". It always stands on the right side of history and the side of human civilization progress, advocates the concept of civilization of equality, mutual learning, dialogue and tolerance, and promotes the common values of all mankind, such as peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom.It provides ideological guidance and spiritual motivation for promoting exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations, maintaining the diversity of global civilizations and promoting the building of a community of human destiny.

　　Answering major issues of cultural construction from a fundamental political standpoint

　　Jiangshan is the people, and the people are Jiangshan. The people are the creators of history, and the people’s position is the fundamental political position of our party. With the changes in the main social contradictions in our country, people’s demand for a better life is growing and becoming more and more extensive. They need not only a high-quality material life, but also a high-quality spiritual and cultural life. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has adhered to the fundamental position of taking the people as the center, made systematic plans and arrangements for propaganda, ideological and cultural work, armed people with scientific theories, guided people with correct public opinions, shaped people with noble spirit, inspired people with excellent works, promoted the vigorous development of cultural undertakings, colorful cultural industries, and universal and high-quality cultural public services, constantly met the people’s needs for high-quality and diversified spiritual and cultural life, and answered the question "For whom, for cultural construction".

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "People’s nature is the essential attribute of Marxism, the Party’s theory comes from the people, for the people and for the benefit of the people, and the people’s creative practice is an inexhaustible source of theoretical innovation." The cultural thought of the supreme leader is a theory that comes from the people, for the people and for the benefit of the people. Adhering to the people’s supremacy is a red line that runs through it. The cultural thought of the supreme leader emphasizes that party spirit and people’s nature have always been consistent and unified; Emphasis is placed on establishing a people-centered work orientation, combining serving the masses with educating and guiding the masses, and combining meeting needs with improving literacy; Emphasis on adhering to the people-centered creative orientation and launching more outstanding works to enhance people’s spiritual strength; Adhere to the people-centered research orientation, establish the ideal of learning for the people, and strive to produce more research results that can stand the test of practice, people and history. The supremacy of the people is the theoretical basis, value fulcrum and practice origin of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. The Supreme Leader’s cultural thought has always adhered to the people’s position, deeply rooted in the people, and closely relied on the people. It is a theory loved, recognized and owned by the people, showing strong truth power and practical power, and rallying the majestic power of unity and struggle for building a socialist modern power in an all-round way.

　　Answering major issues of cultural construction from the perspective of cultural mission

　　Great times breed great thoughts, and great thoughts lead great times. At present, the great changes in the world that have never happened in a century are accelerating, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period, strategic opportunities and risk challenges coexist, and the propaganda and ideological and cultural work is facing a new situation and new tasks. We must firmly shoulder the new cultural mission and answer the proposition of the times of writing a new chapter of modern Chinese civilization. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has insisted on observing, interpreting and leading the times with Marxism, and constantly promoted the innovation and creation of cultural theories with extraordinary theoretical courage, profoundly answering the important topic of what kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and how to adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture in the new era. The cultural thought of the Supreme Leader is the cultural chapter of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and it is a theoretical summary of the practical experience of the Party’s cultural construction in the new era, which indicates that our Party’s understanding of the law of cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics has reached a new height, and provides a fundamental follow-up for the new era and new journey to consolidate the cultural subjectivity and build the modern civilization of the Chinese nation with "two combinations".

　　The value of scientific theory lies in guiding practice. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the new cultural mission of "continuing to promote cultural prosperity, build a cultural power and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new starting point", and made deployment requirements for cultural work around this new cultural mission, emphasizing the primary political task of arming the whole party and educating the people with the Party’s innovative theory, emphasizing "strengthening cultural self-confidence, upholding openness and tolerance, and persisting in innovation" and putting forward the important requirements of "seven efforts". These important expositions are in line with the "Nine Persistences" put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work in August 2018 and the "Fourteen Emphases" on cultural construction defined at the Forum on Cultural Inheritance and Development in June 2023, with their own emphasis and integration. The supreme leader’s cultural thought is clear and practical, which not only has the innovation and breakthrough in cultural theory, but also has the deployment requirements of cultural work layout. It has both the overall observation of ontology and epistemology, and the specific guidance of practice and methodology. It not only deploys the task of "crossing the river" but also guides the solution of the problem of "bridge or boat", which fully embodies the combination of theory and practice and the unity of world outlook and methodology.It will surely lead us to better shoulder the new cultural mission and build the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

　　(The author is a special researcher at Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of Fujian Province.)

　Delegates:

　　Entrusted by the Municipal People’s Government, we will now2008Annual budget implementation and2009The report on the draft budget for 2008 is submitted to the General Assembly for deliberation, and CPPCC members and other people attending the meeting are invited to give their opinions.

　　One,2008Annual budget implementation

　　2008In, all districts, counties and departments in the city fully implemented the spirit of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee, with Deng Xiaoping Theory and“Theory of Three Represents"Under the guidance of important thought, thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development and conscientiously implement General Secretary Hu Jintao.“Two are at the forefront of the country."、“A vanguard"The important requirements and the spirit of important instructions on Tianjin’s work, resolutely implement the national macro-control policies and measures, in accordance with the ninth party congress and the third plenary session of the ninth municipal party Committee.“One two three four five six"The goal and thinking of work, forge ahead, work hard, achieve sound and rapid economic and social development, and successfully complete the financial budget tasks set by the First Session of the 15th National People’s Congress.

　　City’s fiscal revenue1490100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.23.7%, complete the budget103.1%. Deduct the upper central income.588.1100 million yuan, local retained income901.9One hundred million yuan, of which the local general budget revenue675.6Billion yuan, government fund income.226.3100 million yuan. Plus central tax refund and transfer payment subsidies and other funds.182.7One hundred million yuan, when the city’s fiscal disposable income.1084.6100 million yuan. Plus last year’s balance124.7One hundred million yuan, the city’s total financial resources.1209.3100 million yuan.

　　City’s fiscal expenditure1063.4100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.24.1%, complete the budget98.4%. Of which general expenditure867.8Billion yuan, growth25.4%; Government fund expenditure195.6Billion yuan, growth18.5%. After making ends meet, the budget balance145.9One hundred million yuan, of which the project funds are carried forward.137.2100 million yuan, mainly local construction project funds and central special subsidy funds; Budget net balance8.7100 million yuan, to be approved by the municipal and district people’s Congress Standing Committee after the final accounts, carried forward to this year.

　　Municipal fiscal revenue686.8100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.22%, complete the budget101.9%. Deduct the upper central income.253.1100 million yuan, local retained income433.7One hundred million yuan, of which the local general budget revenue290.3Billion yuan, government fund income.143.4100 million yuan. Plus central tax refund and transfer payment subsidies and other funds.161.7100 million yuan, less financial transfer payments to districts and counties.46.6One hundred million yuan, the municipal fiscal disposable income.548.8100 million yuan. Plus last year’s balance78.9One hundred million yuan, the total financial resources of municipal finance.627.7100 million yuan.

　　Municipal fiscal expenditure548.4100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.23.3%, complete the budget104.2%. Of which general expenditure419.8Billion yuan, growth26.1%; Government fund expenditure128.6Billion yuan, growth15.4%. After making ends meet, the budget balance79.3One hundred million yuan, of which the project funds are carried forward.78.7100 million yuan, mainly local construction project funds and central special subsidy funds; Budget net balance0.6100 million yuan, to be approved by the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress, carried forward to this year.

　　Municipal local retained income exceeded the budget at the beginning of the year.20.2100 million yuan, including road maintenance fees, sea area use fees, new construction land use fees and other special funds exceeded.18.4100 million yuan, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the arrangements for the construction and maintenance of urban infrastructure, the Olympic Games and the Davos Forum environmental comprehensive improvement projects; Excess of general financial resources1.8100 million yuan, mainly for increasing the income of urban and rural residents and supporting earthquake relief.

　　Financial revenue of Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin Port Bonded Zone and New Technology Industrial Park (hereinafter referred to as the three zones)274100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.13.5%. fiscal expenditure119100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.0.8%. Budget balance of three districts9.1One hundred million yuan, of which the project funds are carried forward.8.5100 million yuan, net budget balance.0.6100 million yuan.

　　In the past year, the fiscal and taxation departments at all levels in our city conscientiously implemented the deployment of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, actively adapted to the requirements of the new situation and new tasks, actively improved the mechanism of increasing fiscal revenue and reducing expenditures, and gave full play to the role of fiscal and taxation functions, and made new progress in all work.

　　(A) fiscal revenue to achieve steady and rapid growth.

　　Driven by the development and opening-up of Binhai New Area, the city has shown a good pattern of coordinated development at three levels, with the continuous expansion of economic aggregate and significant improvement of operation quality, which has laid a solid foundation for fiscal revenue increase. The energy accumulated by key industrialization projects organized and implemented on a large scale in our city is gradually released, which has played an increasingly important role in promoting steady and rapid economic growth, and the new growth points and support points of fiscal revenue have increased significantly.,It has played an important role in overcoming the impact of the international financial crisis, the slowdown of global economic growth and the increasing downward pressure on the economy. Finance and taxation departments at all levels actively respond to the development and changes of the situation, seriously study and formulate practical and effective measures, deeply tap the potential of increasing income, vigorously organize fiscal revenue according to law, and strive to ensure that all accounts receivable are collected. Local fiscal revenue growth in the city25.1%, higher than the national average growth rate.3.6Percentage points, municipal, 18 districts and counties and three districts increased respectively.24%、24.2%and30.4%. Binhai New Area will continue to play a leading role and complete local fiscal revenue.250.2Billion yuan, growth31%.

　　(B) the function of finance to promote the coordinated development of the three levels is effectively brought into play.

　　Focus on promoting the comprehensive reform of Binhai New Area, increase financial policy support, and actively promote the new area to increase reform and innovation in the fields of finance and land. Study and formulate preferential fiscal and taxation policies to support the accelerated development of the new district, increase financial capital investment, innovate investment and financing methods, expand the scale of investment and financing, and accelerate progress.“Liangganglianglu road"And other major infrastructure construction, accelerate the development and construction of new functional areas such as Dongjiang Bonded Port, Sino-Singapore Eco-city and Binhai High-tech Zone, and strive to enhance the service radiation function of the new area.

　　Comprehensive use of government investment, budget subsidies, loan interest subsidies and other financial policies, accelerate the construction of national biomedical international innovation park and civil aviation science and technology industrialization base, actively attract national key laboratories, R&D transformation centers, group headquarters and other institutions to settle in the new district, and support Airbus.A320With the construction of major projects, such as a series of aircraft assembly lines, the integration of one million tons of ethylene refining and chemical engineering, and the relocation of Tianjian, the scientific and technological innovation ability and development stamina of the new district have been significantly enhanced.

　　Adjust and improve the financial system in a timely manner, improve the incentive mechanism for increasing income, adjust the business tax of financial and insurance enterprises from municipal fixed income to sharing income between cities and counties, treat all the urban construction tax and education surcharge as fixed income of counties, support the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure in the central city, vigorously develop modern service industry and urban industry, support the comparative advantages of counties, vigorously develop characteristic economy, and strive to promote the coordinated development of Binhai New Area, comprehensively improve the central city and accelerate the development of counties.

　　(C) the role of finance in promoting sound and rapid economic development has been further improved.

　　Expenditure on urban infrastructure construction and maintenance394.8Billion yuan, growth23.3%. Taking the opportunity of co-hosting the Olympic Games and hosting the Summer Davos Forum, we will increase financial investment, make full use of market-oriented operation mode, strive to revitalize land resources, integrate all kinds of constructive funds, speed up the implementation of infrastructure construction and comprehensive environmental improvement, make significant progress in the comprehensive development of the upper reaches of Haihe River, complete the reconstruction and expansion project of tianjin railway station as scheduled, and build the subway.2、three、nineThe construction of Line 1 was accelerated, and the Tianjin trunk line project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project was officially launched. Complete comprehensive environmental improvement projects in key areas and key roads with high standards and renovate old buildings.50010,000 square meters, new green space.750010,000 square meters, the cumulative renovation of buses.3500Cars and taxis2.8Ten thousand vehicles, built.17A sewage treatment plant andthreeA reclaimed water plant, a new municipal underground pipe network.1300kilometre (km)The function of urban carrier has been further enhanced.

　　Science and technology expenditure28.7Billion yuan, growth29.2%. Further improve the system of scientific and technological innovation and accelerate its progress.twelveNational science and technology innovation platform construction, has been implemented.35A major project of independent innovation and industrialization, the first high-performance computer in China was delivered for use. Formulate and implement preferential fiscal and taxation policies, encourage enterprises to increase investment in research and development, add a number of engineering technology research centers and enterprise technology centers, and develop stem cell injections.81A new product, apply for a patent for invention126Pieces. Accelerate the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the city with talents, set up leading talents and introduce special funds, attracting a large number of outstanding talents at home and abroad.

　　Support enterprise development expenditureseventy-eightBillion yuan, growth31.5%. Focus on promoting structural adjustment, industrial upgrading and technological innovation, actively support the construction of major industrialization projects, and fully implement the enterprise income tax reform policy.,Promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and private economy. Implement fiscal and taxation policies to develop circular economy, set up special funds for energy conservation and emission reduction, and actively promote the waste heat recovery and transformation of Dagu Chemical Industry.51Construction of energy-saving projects, support for the establishment of Tianjin Emissions Exchange, and permission to carry out comprehensive pilot projects of emissions trading. We will implement the national policy of raising the export tax rebate rate, expand the scale of foreign trade development funds, and vigorously promote the steady growth of foreign trade exports. Implement fiscal and taxation policies to promote the development of modern financial industry, provide comprehensive services in all directions and in the whole process, attract a number of financial legal person institutions such as Minsheng Leasing Company and Korean Enterprise Bank to settle down, support the establishment of TEDA International Financial Investment Holding Company, Binhai International Equity Exchange and Tianjin International Economic and Financial Arbitration Center, successfully hold the Summer Davos Forum and the second China International Financing Fair for Enterprises, obtain approval for the establishment of the shipbuilding industry investment fund, establish the venture capital guiding fund, and achieve the goal of equity investment fund and venture capital fund.218Home, financial service system and innovation system have been continuously improved.

　　(D) The ability to ensure financial security and improve people’s livelihood has been significantly enhanced.

　　Social security and employment expenditure105.7Billion yuan, growth32.7%. Implement a proactive employment policy and a policy of entrepreneurship to promote employment, and increase the“4050”Personnel, zero-employment families and college graduates, support self-employment and self-employment, and create new jobs throughout the year.38Ten thousand people. Improve the social security system of coordinating urban and rural areas, improve the pension benefits of enterprise retirees, continue to make personal accounts for urban employees’ pension insurance, and establish a rural social pension insurance system; We will implement the basic medical insurance system for urban residents, improve the medical insurance measures for serious illness of migrant workers, and raise the financial subsidy standard for the new rural cooperative medical system. The participation rate of farmers in the city will reach.97.6%. We will improve the minimum living security and special care and relief subsidy standards for urban and rural residents, expand the scope of special hardship relief, and establish a linkage mechanism between the price increase of basic necessities and the living allowance for people in need. Increase financial investment, vigorously promote the construction of affordable housing, and timely introduce preferential tax policies to encourage residents to buy houses.13Ten thousand low-income families provide housing security. Formulate and implement fiscal policies to increase people’s income, promote enterprises to establish a synchronous growth mechanism of wages and benefits, steadily promote the reform of income distribution system in administrative institutions, and accelerate the implementation of housing monetization distribution policy. Timely disbursement of fuel subsidies such as bus passenger transport, taxis and heating enterprises to reduce the burden of rising energy prices on enterprises and residents.

　　expenditure on education141Billion yuan, growth29.2%. Implement the funding guarantee mechanism for compulsory education and fully implement it.“waive tuition and miscellaneous fees, supply free textbooks, and grant living allowances for boarders from financially disadvantaged families"Policy, improve the quota standard of public funds in primary and secondary schools.,Schools that take the lead in implementing compulsory education in urban and rural areas provide textbooks free of charge. Vigorously develop vocational education, accelerate the construction of vocational education training base, focus on supporting the construction of national demonstration schools such as vocational universities and Sino-German vocational and technical colleges, and successfully hold the first national vocational college skill competition. Full implementation of higher education investment“the 12th Five-Year Plan"Plan, accelerate58The construction of key disciplines, improve the financial aid system for students from poor families in ordinary colleges and vocational colleges, and promote educational equity.

　　Expenditure on cultural and sports media18Billion yuan, growth21.2%. We will increase investment in the construction of cultural and sports facilities, focus on supporting the reconstruction and expansion projects of large-scale cultural facilities such as Tianjin Library, Confucian Temple and Xiaobailou Concert Hall, fully complete the planning of exhibition hall layout projects, and the digital transformation of radio and television and the sharing of cultural information resources are progressing smoothly. The Olympic Sports Center Stadium is put into use, which fully guarantees the funding needs of the Olympic Games organization and torch relay. We will improve the public cultural service system, support the free opening of public cultural facilities such as museums and memorial halls, accelerate the implementation of cultural service projects such as community and township comprehensive cultural stations, support the creation of outstanding works and professional art troupes to perform at the grassroots level, and continuously enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the masses.

　　Medical and health expenditure41.9Billion yuan, growth27%. Increase investment in health care, actively integrate medical and health resources, and vigorously promote the construction of key projects such as Anding Hospital and Central Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Improve the public health service system and provide it to urban and rural residents free of charge.18Public health services, support11This vaccine will be included in the national immunization program, and infants who are sick from eating tainted milk powder will be examined and treated free of charge, and the urban and rural family planning service network will be improved to expand the coverage of public health services.

　　Public security expenditure65.8Billion yuan, growth22.4%. Accelerate the construction of public safety system, ensure the funding needs of public security traffic control, fire control, food and drug safety and other departments, increase investment in special equipment such as fire prevention, disaster prevention, riot prevention and safety testing, and improve public emergency response and disaster reduction and resilience.

　　(E) financial support for the construction of new countryside has been increasing.

　　Expenditure on supporting agriculture38.5Billion yuan, growth43.9%. Increase investment in agricultural infrastructure construction, build and rebuild a number of farmland water conservancy facilities, vigorously organize the implementation of water-saving irrigation projects, and add facility agriculture.10Ten thousand mu, increase the area of water-saving irrigation.25Ten thousand mu. Increase investment in agricultural science and technology innovation, start the construction of coastal agricultural science and technology park and top ten seed industry bases, and support the deep processing of agricultural products.80A transformation and popularization project of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Actively carry out policy agricultural insurance such as planting and breeding, and accelerate the accidental injury of farmers’ houses, family property and personal injury.“three basic insurances"Pilot, fully implement the fiscal and taxation policies and measures to support the development of dairy industry, and improve the ability of agricultural production to resist disasters. Establish a government-supported financing platform for bank-enterprise cooperation, loan guarantee and insurance guarantee, and guide more credit funds and social funds to invest.“agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents". We will fully implement the policies of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers, improve the methods of direct subsidies for grain, comprehensive direct subsidies for agricultural materials, subsidies for improved varieties and subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery, implement the project of improving farmers’ quality and increasing the income of low-income farmers, and increase farmers’ income through multiple channels. Actively support the construction of demonstration small towns focusing on the exchange of housing sites, accelerate the extension of water, electricity and other infrastructure to rural areas, continue to implement rural drinking water safety and pipe network household projects, build a number of rural public service facilities, and build and transform rural roads.1000kilometre (km)Afforestation22.7Ten thousand mu, the rural production and living environment has improved significantly.

　　Delegates, according to the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on counterpart support for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction, our city should2008For three consecutive years since, each year according to the local fiscal revenue of the previous year.1%The scale of financing, earmarked for counterpart support in ningqiang county and Lueyang County, Shaanxi Province, is expected to be needed.twenty100 million yuan, and strive to basically achieve the goal of three-year post-disaster recovery and reconstruction in two years. Financial departments at all levels actively raise funds, and allocate funds by reducing departmental budgets, adjusting special expenditures, and using social donations.nine100 million yuan, mainly used for housing, infrastructure, schools and hospitals for victims and other subsidy projects. At present, the counterpart support work is progressing smoothly.

　　On the whole,2008In, the financial budget of our city was well implemented, the scale of revenue and expenditure was further expanded, and the ability to guarantee economic and social development was obviously enhanced. At the same time, there are still some problems that can’t be ignored in budget implementation and financial work, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: the mechanism of fiscal revenue increase is not perfect, the foundation of revenue increase is not stable enough, the scale of revenue is not large, the local financial resources are less, and the dependence on a few industries is strong, so it is necessary to make great efforts to strengthen the construction of financial resources and tax sources and cultivate more revenue growth points; There are many new expenditure items and a large amount in budget implementation, and extravagance and waste still exist, which affects the binding and seriousness of departmental budgets to some extent. At the same time, the use of financial funds is scattered, the market-oriented financing ability is insufficient, and the contradiction of balance of payments is more prominent; The financial development of counties is unbalanced, the income structure of some counties is not reasonable, the disposable financial resources are small, and the financial operation is difficult; The scientific and refined tax management system is not perfect, and there are weak links in tax collection and management, so the tax service level needs to be further improved. We must attach great importance to these problems and actively take practical measures to solve them in our future work.

　　Second,2009Draft annual budget

　　20092008 is the year to meet the major challenges of the international and domestic environment and realize the Party Committee.“One two three four five six"The first stage of the goal is a crucial year for the task. We must conscientiously implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Ninth Municipal Committee, in accordance with“Maintain growth, tide over difficulties, and improve the level."Requirements, comprehensively do a good job in all financial work, and promote steady and rapid economic development.

　　(A) a comprehensive grasp of the financial and economic situation

　　At present, the international financial crisis is spreading rapidly, the world economy continues to be in a downturn, the external environment for China’s development is more severe, the economic operation difficulties are increasing sharply, and the difficulty of increasing fiscal revenue is further increased. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council assessed the situation, implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy in a timely manner, and introduced a series of macro-control measures to encourage investment and structural tax reduction, making every effort to maintain steady and rapid economic development. Judging from the implementation of fiscal policies in our city, the first is to implement the VAT transformation policy, which will include the input tax on equipment purchased by enterprises in the VAT deduction range, and it is expected to give enterprises tax reduction.45100 million yuan. Second, the income tax rate of domestic-funded enterprises is determined by33%Drop to25%, high-tech enterprises reduced by15%Income tax is levied at the tax rate, which is expected to reduce taxes for enterprises.33100 million yuan. Third, the interest income tax on savings deposits will be temporarily exempted, the business tax and deed tax on ordinary housing transactions will be reduced, and the land value-added tax and stamp duty on residential housing transactions will be reduced. It is expected that tax cuts will be given to residents and units.twenty100 million yuan. Fourth, the reform of fuel taxes and fees will be implemented, and six fees, such as road maintenance fees and road passenger and freight surcharges, will be abolished. The fuel consumption tax instead of being levied will be levied in the refined oil price, which is expected to reduce the fees for enterprises, institutions and residents.22100 million yuan. The above fiscal and taxation policies and measures will reduce taxes and fees for enterprises, institutions and residents.120100 million yuan, which will play an important role in further expanding domestic demand and promoting the steady and rapid economic growth of our city.

　　Since the Ninth Party Congress, the Municipal Party Committee has made a series of decision-making arrangements and adopted a series of major measures. The city has made great achievements in economic and social development, and has the material foundation and favorable conditions for accelerating development. In particular, Binhai New Area has become a new growth pole when it is incorporated into the national development strategy, and coordinated development at three levels has formed a new pattern of multi-point support and diversified development. The development stamina based on a large number of high-level projects has been significantly enhanced, which will surely effectively boost fiscal revenue to achieve stable growth. We must seize opportunities, meet challenges, give full play to fiscal and taxation functions, and strive to provide financial support and policy support for sound and rapid economic and social development.

　　(two) the overall requirements of budget arrangements and financial work

　　Fully implement the spirit of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee, with Deng Xiaoping Theory and“Theory of Three Represents"Under the guidance of important thought, thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development and General Secretary Hu Jintao.“Two are at the forefront of the country."、“A vanguard"Important requirements and the spirit of important instructions on Tianjin’s work, thoroughly implement the spirit of the Ninth Party Congress and the Fifth Plenary Session of the Ninth Municipal Party Committee, in accordance with the Municipal Party Committee“One two three four five six"We should conscientiously implement the proactive fiscal policy, give full play to the role of fiscal functions, accelerate the development and opening up of Binhai New Area, vigorously support the coordinated development of the three levels, actively promote the transformation of development mode and structural adjustment, and strive to promote steady and rapid economic development. Adhere to the principle of increasing revenue, reducing expenditure and making overall plans, adjust and optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, increase investment in the public sector, and effectively protect and improve people’s livelihood. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, improve the financial system and mechanism, actively innovate the financial management model, strengthen financial supervision and management, and strive to promote the scientific development and harmonious development of Tianjin.

　　(3) Budget arrangements for fiscal revenue and expenditure

　　According to the overall requirements of financial work and the main expected goals of economic and social development,2009Budget arrangement of the city’s fiscal revenue in1668.8100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.12%Strive to exceed the income in budget execution. The city’s fiscal revenue deducted from the central revenue.673.2100 million yuan, local retained income995.6One hundred million yuan, of which the local general budget revenue756.6Billion yuan, government fund income.239100 million yuan. Plus the expected central tax rebate and transfer payment subsidies and other funds.165.6100 million yuan, the balance of last year145.9100 million yuan, the total budget of fiscal expenditure1307.1100 million yuan, an increase over the actual expenditure of the previous year.22.9%, in which the general expenditure budget1024.9Billion yuan, growth18.1%; Expenditure budget of government funds282.2Billion yuan, growth44.3%.

　　The city’s expenditure budget is divided according to the classification of government revenue and expenditure: education164.9Billion yuan, growth17%; science and technology33.2Billion yuan, growth16%; Culture, Sports and Media20.2Billion yuan, growth12%; health care50.3Billion yuan, growth20%; Agriculture, forestry and water conservancy45.7Billion yuan, growth18.5%; Social security and employment117.3Billion yuan, growth15%; environmental protection11.2Billion yuan, growth20%; Infrastructure construction and maintenance management498.1Billion yuan, growth30.8%; transportation29.2Billion yuan, growth21.2%; Industrial and commercial financial affairs97Billion yuan, growth24.4%; Funds of administrative institutions178.1Billion yuan, growth9.8%; Post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction6.8100 million yuan.

　　Municipal fiscal revenue budget755.5100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.10%. Deduct the upper central income.289.2100 million yuan, local retained income466.3One hundred million yuan, of which the local general budget revenue325.2Billion yuan, government fund income.141.1100 million yuan. Plus the expected central tax rebate and transfer payment subsidies and other funds.146.8100 million yuan, the balance of last year79.3100 million yuan, less financial transfer payments to districts and counties.52.4100 million yuan, the municipal fiscal expenditure budget640100 million yuan, an increase over the actual expenditure of the previous year.16.7%, in which the general expenditure budget480.6Billion yuan, growth14.5%; Expenditure budget of government funds159.4Billion yuan, growth23.9%.

　　Municipal expenditure budget is divided according to the classification of government revenue and expenditure: education54.6Billion yuan, growth15%; science and technology23.5Billion yuan, growth15%; Culture, Sports and Media13.9Billion yuan, growth14%; health care19.8Billion yuan, growth23.5%; Agriculture, forestry and water conservancy28.7Billion yuan, growth20%; Social security and employment85.8Billion yuan, growth15%; environmental protection7.1Billion yuan, growth15.2%; Infrastructure construction and maintenance management253.4Billion yuan, growth22.6%; transportation27.1Billion yuan, growth11.7%; Industrial and commercial financial affairs19.9100 million yuan, down11.9%; Funds of administrative institutions88Billion yuan, growth11.4%; Post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction6.8100 million yuan.

　　Fiscal revenue budget of the three districts312.4100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year.14%; Financial expenditure budget146.7100 million yuan, an increase over the actual expenditure of the previous year.23%.

　　Generally speaking, this year’s fiscal revenue budget takes into account the steady and rapid economic and social development, the development and opening up of Binhai New Area, the accelerated construction of major industrialization projects, and the strengthening of tax collection and management, as well as the negative impact of the state’s policy of encouraging investment and stimulating consumption on fiscal revenue; The fiscal expenditure budget comprehensively considers the expenditure needs of promoting economic and social development, improving people’s livelihood and promoting rural reform and development, and embodies the principle of being active and steady. In the implementation of the budget, we should vigorously organize fiscal revenue, adjust and optimize the expenditure structure, concentrate funds to ensure key expenditures, and ensure a balanced budget for the whole year.

　　Third, work hard and work hard to ensure the completion of the whole year.

　　Revenue and expenditure budget task

　　Finance and taxation departments at all levels should, in accordance with the requirements of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Ninth Municipal Committee, further enhance their sense of hardship and responsibility, deepen fiscal and taxation reform, strengthen financial management, blaze new trails, overcome difficulties, creatively carry out their work, and strive to promote sound and rapid economic and social development.

　　(1) Effectively strengthen revenue collection and management to ensure sustained and steady growth of fiscal revenue.

　　Fully grasp the impact of macroeconomic trends, national regulatory policies and regional economic development and changes on fiscal revenue, carefully analyze and study key and hot issues in economic operation, and formulate effective measures to increase revenue in time to ensure the synchronous growth of fiscal revenue and economy. Fully grasp the investment and project progress of major industrialization projects, strengthen the whole service and follow-up analysis of projects, coordinate and solve relevant fiscal and taxation problems in time, vigorously cultivate financial resources and tax sources, and strive to form a pattern of multi-point support and multi-polar growth in fiscal revenue increase.

　　Accelerate the improvement of modern tax collection and management system, further improve the benign interaction mechanism of tax economic analysis, enterprise tax assessment, key tax source monitoring and tax inspection, comprehensively implement scientific and refined tax management, actively promote the construction of tax administrator platform, gradually promote the application of tax-controlled collection devices, strengthen the management of taxes by tickets, deeply tap the potential of tax collection and management, increase tax inspection, crack down on tax evasion, and effectively plug the loopholes in tax collection and management. Improve the control mechanism of tax sources, strengthen the coordination between finance and taxation, industry and commerce, housing management, transportation and other departments, improve the information networking and data exchange system, continuously improve the level of income control, and strive to achieve all accounts receivable.

　　Establish and improve the fiscal revenue target responsibility system, further improve the decision-making objectives, implementation responsibilities and assessment and supervision system of the fiscal and taxation departments, refine the revenue target responsibility, and earnestly ensure that everyone has a task and implement it at all levels. In accordance with the administrative divisions and the division of responsibilities of the competent departments of enterprises, the fiscal revenue growth targets of regions and departments are determined, and they are included in the assessment scope of the city’s work targets, and the implementation situation is announced on schedule, and efforts are made to form a situation in which all districts, counties and departments jointly promote fiscal revenue.

　　(2) Give full play to the role of financial functions and strive to promote steady and rapid economic development.

　　Accelerate infrastructure construction. Conscientiously implement the proactive fiscal policy, increase financial investment, integrate all kinds of constructive funds, attract social investment, accelerate the development and construction of Binhai New Area, focus on supporting the construction of major functional areas such as Sino-Singapore Eco-city, Dongjiang Bonded Port, Yujiapu Financial and Business Center, support the expansion of the main channel of Tianjin Port and the second phase expansion of Binhai International Airport, and continuously enhance the service radiation function of the new area. Accelerate the construction of government investment and financing platform, raise construction funds through multiple channels, speed up the improvement of modern transportation system, and focus on supporting Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, Tianjin-Qinhuangdao and Tianjin-Baoding passenger dedicated lines and subways.2、three、nineLine 1 and other rail transit construction, support the construction of highway transportation such as Haibin Avenue, Tianjin Avenue and Tuanbo Expressway, support the construction of transportation facilities such as tianjin railway station underground transportation hub and Tianjin West Railway Station, and accelerate the upgrading of urban carrier functions. according to“Two-level government and three-level management"Mode, to further improve the methods of raising funds for urban management, make full use of market-oriented operation mechanism, actively promote a new round of comprehensive improvement of city appearance and environment, and focus on the transformation and upgrading of water parks and South Cuiping Parks.sixPark, comprehensive renovation of the tower, the temple of literature, etc.fiveIn this area, Weijin South Road and Changjiang Road will be transformed and improved.14Urban roads, renovation.102Piece lane road, comprehensive management of urban-rural junction and urban village. Increase investment in environmental protection and ecological construction, build and rebuild a number of sewage treatment plants and garbage disposal facilities, support key projects such as coal-fired boiler renovation and water environment management, and accelerate the implementation of greening on both sides of expressways.10A afforestation project construction, constantly optimize and beautify the urban and rural environment.

　　Vigorously support the accelerated development of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries. Adjust and improve the fiscal policy, increase financial investment, actively promote the construction of major industrial projects through government subsidies, loan interest subsidies, tax incentives, etc., and focus on supporting a new generation of launch vehicles.300Ten thousand tons of shipbuilding, ZTE’s northern base and other projects were accelerated. Fully implement the measures to promote the development of service industry74A fiscal and tax preferential policies, actively support.twentyThe construction of a major modern service industry project will vigorously support the development of high-end service industries such as modern finance, international logistics, tourism exhibitions, e-commerce and service outsourcing. We will increase support for small and medium-sized enterprises, increase government guarantee funds, continuously improve financing conditions for enterprises, improve the social service system, and support the accelerated development of small and medium-sized enterprises and the private economy.

　　Actively promote scientific and technological innovation and energy conservation and emission reduction. Further improve fiscal and taxation support policies, increase financial investment in science and technology, accelerate the improvement of the scientific and technological innovation system, support the construction of a number of key laboratories, engineering laboratories, enterprise technology centers and engineering centers, promote the development of scientific and technological business incubators, and build a scientific and technological innovation support platform. Make full use of comprehensive financial means, accelerate the construction of R&D transformation bases and scientific and technological industrialization bases, support major independent innovation projects such as digital equipment and electric vehicles, and promote drug R&D and manufacturing.15Independent innovation projects to achieve industrialization. Encourage venture capital, support the introduction of leading talents and optimize the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship. Increase investment in energy conservation, support energy conservation and consumption reduction in key industries such as metallurgy, petrochemical and electric power, accelerate the construction of Ziya circular economy industrial park, and vigorously develop circular economy.

　　(C) increase investment in the field of people’s livelihood and promote the building of a harmonious society

　　We will implement the strategy of expanding employment and promoting employment development through entrepreneurship, comprehensively use government subsidies, tax reduction and exemption, loan interest subsidies and entrepreneurship training, actively develop public welfare posts, encourage enterprises to absorb laid-off and unemployed people, and support self-employment and self-employment. Establish an employment assistance system for all urban and rural disadvantaged groups, fully implement the social insurance subsidy policy, support the creation of employment service carriers, and expand the scale of reemployment personnel.

　　Increase financial investment and improve the social security system. We will continue to improve the pension benefits for enterprise retirees, establish a pension security system for urban and rural residents and a basic medical insurance system for residents, and raise the subsidy standard for new rural cooperative medical care. We will implement social pooling of civil servants’ medical subsidies, improve the subsidy standards of public institutions, and implement the docking of medical assistance and basic medical insurance. We will fully implement the urban and rural subsistence allowances and poverty relief systems, continue to raise the subsidy standards for subsistence allowances and special care recipients, and further improve the linkage mechanism between the price increase of basic necessities and the living allowance for people in need. We will improve the housing security mechanism for low-income families, expand the scope of security, raise security standards, increase the scale of affordable housing construction, and strive to improve the living conditions of low-and middle-income people. Improve the level of socialized service for the aged. We will adjust and improve policies and measures to increase the income of urban and rural residents, improve and improve the normal wage growth mechanism of enterprise employees and the normal adjustment system of welfare benefits, further standardize subsidies for civil servants, and promote the reform of the income distribution system of public institutions.

　　Adhere to the strategy of giving priority to education and support the balanced and coordinated development of education at all levels and types. Accelerate the implementation of performance pay and modernization standards in compulsory education schools, continue to raise the standard of public funds, and improve the free compulsory education system in urban and rural areas. Accelerate the construction of experimental areas and training bases for vocational education reform, promote the gathering of vocational colleges and the sharing of educational resources, and start the construction project of new vocational education areas. Actively support the construction of key disciplines, key laboratories and key talents in colleges and universities, and promote key universities.“211”Project, improve the student financial aid system in colleges and vocational colleges.

　　Actively promote the reform of the medical and health system, improve the government compensation mechanism for public health, strengthen the prevention and treatment of major diseases and key infectious diseases and chronic diseases, and improve urban and rural areas18A public health service subsidy standard, free of charge for26010,000 women of school age should have specialist physical examinations, and the construction of district and county centers for disease control and prevention should be accelerated.,We will fully implement the policy of supporting and rewarding family planning. Vigorously promote the adjustment of the layout of health resources, build a central obstetrics and gynecology hospital, actively support the construction of key projects such as Tianjin Hospital, Chest Hospital and Nankai Hospital, further improve the urban community health service system, and improve the three-level rural health service network. We will improve the financial compensation mechanism of municipal public hospitals above the second level, fully implement online centralized procurement of drugs by medical institutions, and support community health and medical service institutions to implement drugs.“Zero difference rate"Sales, reduce the price of drugs, and strive to alleviate the problem of people’s difficulty in seeing a doctor, expensive medical treatment, and the use of safe drugs.

　　Increase investment in public welfare cultural construction, establish a public cultural service system covering the whole society, actively support the construction of key cultural facilities such as Yangliuqing New Year Picture Art Center and Li Shutong Memorial Hall, and accelerate the implementation of public cultural service projects such as rural film screening and farmer’s bookstores. Formulate and implement preferential fiscal and taxation policies, promote the restructuring of cultural industries, and actively support the cultural product market and the construction of factor markets. Accelerate the transformation and improvement of key sports venues and facilities, and actively do a good job in the firstnineUniversiade and the firstsixPreparations for the 2008 East Asian Games, support for the preparation of the first11The third national games. Increase public safety investment, improve emergency response mechanism, improve the level of modern equipment, and comprehensively promote the construction of a safe Tianjin.

　　(4) Consolidate and improve the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers, and accelerate rural reform and development.

　　Improve the agricultural investment guarantee mechanism, ensure that the growth rate of financial investment in agriculture at all levels is higher than the growth rate of recurrent income, substantially increase the investment in rural infrastructure construction and social development, increase the proportion of government land transfer income and farmland occupation tax for agriculture, improve the financial subsidies for agricultural insurance, agricultural product price protection and other systems, further improve agricultural subsidy policies, raise subsidy standards and expand the scope of subsidies. Continue to support farmers’ quality education projects, increase farmers’ vocational skills training, enhance the employability of rural surplus labor, and continuously broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income.

　　Further strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure focusing on farmland water conservancy, vigorously develop modern agriculture and speed up construction.twelveA modern agricultural demonstration park and33A breeding demonstration park, new facility agriculture.10Ten thousand mu. Implement the project of benefiting farmers through science and technology, improve the transformation and popularization mechanism of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and improve the level of agricultural science and technology and research and development. Support the development of non-agricultural industries, increase special support funds for rural industries, improve the financial discount policy, and focus on supporting district and county development zones, township industrial parks and major projects to accelerate construction. We will increase support for rural financial policies, establish a rural credit guarantee mechanism with government support, multi-party participation and market operation, expand cooperation between banks and governments, and guide more credit funds and social funds to invest in rural areas.

　　We will expand the scope of public finance to cover rural social undertakings, and increase the funds for education, health, culture and other undertakings for rural areas, and strive to achieve equalization of urban and rural public services. We will continue to shift the focus of major infrastructure construction and capital use to rural areas, further improve the urban and rural transportation system, and accelerate the implementation of rural highway construction and renovation projects. Actively support key shelterbelts, irrigation area management, drinking water safety, garbage and sewage treatment and other projects, vigorously promote the construction of demonstration small towns and civilized ecological villages, and accelerate the process of rural urbanization.

　　(5) Formulating and implementing comprehensive fiscal and taxation policies to solve practical problems for enterprises.

　　Increase financial investment in stabilizing economic operation, integrate all kinds of special funds, support the establishment of loan guarantee funds in all districts and counties, improve the loan guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises, encourage financial institutions to increase the scale of credit supply, and focus on supporting enterprises with market demand, enterprises with great development potential and projects with quick investment results to alleviate the temporary difficulties of some enterprises. Adjust the use direction of financial industry development funds. At present, we mainly give play to the guiding role of financial funds by means of loan discount, and enlarge the scale and use effect of funds. Encourage the society to set up loan guarantee institutions, give support through capital injection, risk compensation, tax relief and other ways, and improve the social service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.

　　Take active measures to reduce the burden on enterprises and stabilize the employment situation.2009In 2008, the four social insurance rates for urban workers’ basic medical care, unemployment, work injury and maternity were appropriately reduced for enterprises in difficulty. Enterprises in difficulty are allowed to delay the payment of social insurance premiums within a certain period of time, and enterprises in difficulty who adopt on-the-job training, shift work, salary negotiation and other measures to stabilize the workforce are given unemployment insurance subsidies and post subsidies for a certain period of time through the use of unemployment insurance funds; For enterprises to carry out on-the-job training costs beyond the pre-tax expenses limit, with special funds for re-employment to give appropriate support.

　　Implement the new announcement of the state to cancel and stop the collection100An administrative fee policy, the city will cancel and stop collecting land registration fees, etc.nineFees, and strive to reduce the burden on enterprises. Actively support enterprises in our city to innovate brands, products and intellectual property rights. Government procurement adopts public bidding, invitation bidding, competitive negotiation and inquiry procurement, and gives priority to local products and services under the same conditions. Actively organize the implementation of home appliances to the countryside activities, to buy household appliances into the scope of promotion, according to the sales price.13%Give financial subsidies. Encourage the sale of commercial housing, give preferential treatment to reduce deed tax for individuals to buy ordinary commercial housing, and give business tax reduction and exemption policy for individuals to transfer ordinary housing within a certain period of time.

　　(6) Deepen the reform of the financial management system and accelerate the establishment of a financial operation mechanism conducive to scientific development.

　　Actively innovate the financial management mode, vigorously promote the reform of government investment and financing, give full play to the guiding role of fiscal policy and financial funds, further improve the market-oriented operation mechanism, speed up the establishment of government investment and financing platforms, raise funds through multiple channels and diversification, revitalize urban resources, improve the land reserve system, expand the scale of government revenue, and strive to achieve overall balance, virtuous circle and rolling development of construction projects, so as to provide a stable source of funds for urban infrastructure and ecological environment construction.

　　We will strengthen expenditure management in an all-round way, actively adjust and optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, vigorously reduce general and consumable expenditures such as conference fees, car purchase fees, reception fees and overseas expenses, implement a policy of zero growth of public funds, concentrate financial resources on major projects that have a bearing on the overall economic and social development, and effectively spend money on ideas and on the cutting edge. Strengthen the control of expenditure budget process, strictly manage the examination and approval of new expenditure items, and all relevant departments should make overall plans to solve the new expenditure items outside the budget in principle from the department’s cut-off funds, and generally no additional budget will be added to the finance, so as to effectively enhance the binding and seriousness of the budget.

　　Improve the performance evaluation system, deepen the reform of budget management system such as departmental budget, centralized treasury receipt and payment, and government procurement, establish an interactive mechanism combining performance evaluation with budget arrangement and fund allocation, implement the management mode of bundling budget with performance and linking performance with performance, and continuously improve the scientific, normative and effective financial management.

　　Delegates,2009The financial operation in is facing unprecedented difficulties, and the task of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure is very heavy. We must, under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, with the supervision and support of the Municipal People’s Congress, strengthen our confidence, work hard, take the initiative to meet challenges, do a solid job, strive to create a new situation in financial work, and make new contributions to the realization of Tianjin’s scientific development, harmonious development and pioneering development.

　　Explanation of public consultation

　　In order to cooperate with the implementation of the Civil Code, on the basis of clearing up the relevant judicial interpretations such as the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Guarantee Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and combining with the trial practice, our hospital formulated the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on the Application of the Guarantee Part of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (draft for comments). In order to ensure the scientific nature of judicial interpretation, we are now open to the whole society for comments. The feedback date is November 27, 2020, and the feedback email address is:zgmetsyd@163.com

　　The Supreme People’s Court min er ting
　　November 9, 2020

　　The Supreme People’s Court about
　　Interpretation of the application of the guarantee part of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Civil Code
　　(Draft for Comment)

　　In order to correctly hear cases of guarantee disputes, this interpretation is formulated in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations such as the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Civil Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and combined with civil trial practice.
　　I. About General Provisions
　　Article 1 [Scope of Application]Disputes arising from mortgage, pledge, lien, guarantee, etc. shall be governed by this interpretation. This interpretation shall apply to disputes arising from other contracts with guarantee functions, such as ownership reservation, financial leasing, factoring, etc., unless it is not applicable according to its nature.
　　This interpretation shall apply to the counter-guarantee provided by the debtor or a third party.
　　Article 2 [Dependence of Effectiveness of Guarantee Contract]If the parties agree that the principal creditor’s rights and debts contract is not established, invalid, revoked or determined to be ineffective, and the guarantor should still bear the guarantee liability, the agreement is invalid.
　　Disputes arising from independent letter of guarantee issued by banks or non-bank financial institutions shall be governed by the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Independent Letter of Guarantee Disputes. After the independent letter of guarantee issued by other entities other than banks or non-bank financial institutions is deemed invalid, if the creditor expresses that the guarantor and the principal debtor are jointly and severally liable, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 3 [Dependence of Guarantee Scope]The scope of the guarantee liability agreed by the parties is greater than the scope of the debtor’s liability, and the people’s court shall support the guarantor’s claim to assume the guarantee liability only within the scope of the debtor’s liability. If the parties agree on the terms of liquidated damages for the performance of the guarantee liability, and the guarantor claims that the agreement is invalid, the people’s court shall support it.
　　When the guarantor performs the guarantee responsibility by himself, the actual amount of repayment is greater than the scope of the debtor’s responsibility. When the guarantor exercises the right of recourse, the debtor claims to bear the responsibility only within the scope of its responsibility, and the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 4 [Entrusted Holding of Security Interests]Under any of the following circumstances, if the parties register the validly established security interest in the name of a third party, the debtor fails to perform the due debt or the creditor claims to be paid in priority for the property, the people’s court shall support it according to law:
　　(1) When issuing bonds, register the security interest provided for bondholders in the name of the bond trustee;
　　(two) in the entrusted loan contract, the security interest provided to the creditor shall be registered in the name of the trustee;
　　(3) Other circumstances in which the guarantor knows that the security interest is not registered in the creditor’s name.
　　Article 5 [Effectiveness of Guarantees Provided by Schools and Kindergartens]Non-profit schools, kindergartens, medical institutions, etc. for the purpose of public welfare shall not be guarantors, and the guarantee provided by them shall be invalid, except in one of the following circumstances:
　　(a) for the purchase of educational facilities, medical and health facilities and other public facilities, the ownership retention, financial leasing and other security interests with security functions set with the public facilities as the subject matter;
　　(2) The property other than educational facilities, medical and health facilities and other public welfare facilities is set as the security interest for its own debts;
　　(3) Pledge of one’s own debts with the right to pledge.
　　The people’s court shall not support the guarantee provided by private schools, kindergartens and medical institutions registered as profit-making legal persons if the parties claim that the guarantee is invalid.
　　Article 6 [The ultra vires guarantee is effective when the counterpart is in good faith]The people’s court shall support the legal representative of the company who, without the company’s resolution procedure, exceeds his authority to conclude a guarantee contract with the counterpart on behalf of the company, and the bona fide counterpart requests the company to assume the guarantee responsibility.
　　The goodwill mentioned in the preceding paragraph means that the counterpart does not know or should not know that the legal representative has entered into a guarantee contract beyond his authority. The people’s court will not support the company’s claim that the other party is not in good faith on the grounds that the resolution of the organ is forged or altered by the legal representative, the resolution procedure is illegal, the signature is false, and the amount of guarantee exceeds the legal limit, unless the company has evidence to prove that the other party knows that the resolution is forged or altered.
　　Article 7 [Exceptions without Agency Resolution]In any of the following circumstances, the people’s court shall support the company’s claim to assume the guarantee liability even if the counterpart knows or should know that there is no company resolution:
　　(a) the company is a guarantee company whose main business is to provide guarantees for others, or a bank or non-bank financial institution that conducts letter of guarantee business;
　　(2) The company provides guarantee to the counterpart for the business activities of the company directly or indirectly controlled by it;
　　(3) The guarantee contract is signed and agreed by shareholders who individually or jointly hold more than two-thirds of the company’s voting rights on the guarantee matters.
　　Article 8 [Civil liability for ultra vires guarantee when the counterpart is not in good faith]If the legal representative enters into a guarantee contract on behalf of the company beyond his authority, and the non-bona fide counterpart requests the company at fault to bear civil liability, it shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions in the first and second paragraphs of Article 17 of these Provisions. After the company assumes the responsibility, the people’s court shall support it if it requests the legal representative to assume the liability for compensation.
　　Article 9 [Resolution Procedure for Debt Joining the Quasi-applicable Guarantee]The legal representative joins the debt in the name of the company in accordance with the provisions of Article 552 of the Civil Code, and the effect of this agreement shall be handled with reference to the relevant rules of this interpretation on the company providing guarantee for others.
　　Article 10 [Guarantee Provided by Listed Companies]If the legal representative of a listed company exceeds his authority to conclude a guarantee contract on behalf of the company, and the other party fails to review the information publicly disclosed by the listed company about the guarantee matters, such as the resolutions of the board of directors or the resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting, and requests the listed company to bear civil liability, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 11 [Effectiveness of Guarantee Provided by One-Man Company for its Shareholders]After providing a guarantee for its shareholders, a one-person limited liability company claims not to assume the guarantee responsibility on the grounds of violating the relevant provisions of the law on the company’s external guarantee, and the people’s court will not support it.
　　If a one-person limited liability company is unable to pay off other debts due to its guarantee liability, and other creditors request that the shareholders bear joint and several liabilities, the people’s court shall support it. The people’s court will not support the shareholder’s defense on the grounds that one-person limited liability company has an independent legal person status or the shareholder only bears limited liability.
　　Article 12 [Effectiveness of Guarantee Provided by Branches of the Company]The people’s court shall not support the company’s branches in providing external guarantees in their own names without the company’s resolution procedure, unless the other party is in good faith.
　　If a branch of a financial institution issues a letter of guarantee within the business scope recorded in its business license, or is authorized by a superior institution that has the right to engage in guarantee business, the people’s court will not support it if the financial institution or its branch claims that it will not bear the guarantee responsibility on the grounds of not being authorized in writing or not making a resolution according to law; Where a branch of a financial institution provides a guarantee other than the letter of guarantee business, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply.
　　Article 13 [Joint Guarantee]If there are more than two guarantees for the same debt, and the guarantors make an agreement on the responsibility sharing after assuming the guarantee responsibility, and the guarantor who has assumed the responsibility requests other guarantors to share the losses that cannot be recovered from the debtor according to this agreement, the people’s court shall support it.
　　There is no agreement between the guarantors on the responsibility sharing after assuming the guarantee responsibility, but it constitutes a joint guarantee. If the guarantors who assume the guarantee responsibility request other guarantors to share the losses that cannot be recovered from the debtor in accordance with the provisions of Article 519 of the Civil Code, the people’s court shall support it. If several guarantors sign, seal or fingerprint the same contract, they may be deemed as joint and several guarantees.
　　Where there is no agreement between the guarantors on the responsibility sharing after assuming the guarantee responsibility, and it does not constitute joint and several guarantees, and the guarantor who has assumed the guarantee responsibility requests other guarantors to share the losses that cannot be recovered from the debtor, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 14 [Assigned Creditor’s Rights by Guarantor]There are more than two guarantees for the same debt, and after the guarantor receives the creditor’s rights, he requests the other guarantors to assume the guarantee responsibility. If the other guarantors claim to be exempted from the guarantee responsibility within the scope of the creditor’s rights, the people’s court shall support them in accordance with the provisions of Article 700 of the Civil Code, on the grounds that the behavior belongs to the guarantee responsibility.
　　After the guarantor receives the creditor’s rights, he requests the debtor to take responsibility according to the original creditor’s rights and debts. If the debtor claims to take responsibility only within the scope where the guarantor receives the creditor’s rights according to the provisions of Article 700 of the Civil Code, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Where the controlling shareholder, actual controller and the company directly or indirectly controlled by the guarantor request the guarantor or the debtor to bear the liability after the creditor’s rights are transferred or the guarantor’s close relatives transfer the creditor’s rights, the relevant provisions in the preceding two paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis.
　　Article 15 [Maximum Guarantee]The maximum amount of creditor’s rights in the maximum guarantee refers to all creditor’s rights, including the principal creditor’s rights and their interest, liquidated damages, damages, expenses for keeping the secured property and realizing the security right, unless otherwise agreed by the parties. If the registered maximum amount of creditor’s rights is inconsistent with the maximum amount of creditor’s rights agreed by the parties, and other creditors of the guarantor claim to determine the priority scope of compensation according to the registered maximum amount of creditor’s rights, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 16 [Borrowing the New and Returning the Old]If the parties to the main contract agree to repay the old loan with the new loan, and the new loan and the old loan are guaranteed by the same guarantor, and the creditor requests the guarantor of the new loan to continue to bear the guarantee responsibility, the people’s court shall support it according to law; If the new loan and the old loan are guarantees provided by different guarantors, or the old loan is unsecured and the new loan is secured, and the creditor requests the guarantor of the new loan to bear civil liability, the people’s court will not support it, except that the creditor has evidence to prove that the guarantor knows or should know that the creditor and the debtor have agreed to repay the old loan with the new loan.
　　If the parties to the main contract agree to repay the old loan with the new loan, and the creditor claims to exercise the security interest on the new loan on the grounds that the security interest on the old loan has not been cancelled, the people’s court will not support it, except that the parties agree to continue to provide guarantee for the new loan.
　　The guarantor of the agreed object of the parties continues to provide guarantee for the new loan, but before concluding a new loan contract, the guarantor sets a security interest for other creditors, and if other creditors claim that their security interest takes precedence over the new loan creditor, the people’s court will not support it. [Another opinion] The people’s court should support it.
　　Article 17 [Legal Consequences of Invalid Guarantee Contract]If the main contract is valid and the guarantee contract is not established, invalid, revoked or determined to be ineffective, it shall be determined whether and how the guarantor shall be liable for compensation according to different situations:
　　(1) If both the creditor and the guarantor are at fault, the guarantor shall bear no more than one-half of the unpaid part of the debtor;
　　(2) If the guarantor is at fault and the creditor is not at fault, the guarantor shall be liable for the part that the debtor cannot pay off;
　　(3) If the creditor is at fault and the guarantor is not at fault, the guarantor shall not be liable for compensation.
　　If the main contract is invalid and the guarantee contract is invalid, the guarantor shall not be liable for compensation without fault; If the guarantor is at fault, his liability for compensation shall not exceed one-third of the unpaid part of the debtor.
　　If the suretyship contract concluded between the creditor and a person who is not a guarantor according to the law or judicial interpretation is deemed invalid, and the creditor requests the guarantor to bear the liability for compensation, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 18 [Right of recourse against the debtor]The people’s court shall support the guarantor who has assumed the responsibility of guarantee or compensation to recover from the debtor. The people’s court shall support the debtor’s own guarantee of things and the guarantor who has assumed the responsibility of guarantee or compensation who claims to exercise the creditor’s right to guarantee the debtor within the scope of his responsibility.
　　Article 19 [Liability of Counter Guarantor]If the guarantee contract is invalid and the guarantor who has assumed the liability for compensation requests the counter-guarantor to assume the liability within the scope of his liability for compensation according to the stipulations of the counter-guarantee contract, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　If the counter-guarantee contract is invalid, it shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 17 of this Interpretation.
　　Article 20 [Reference Application of Guarantor’s Rights Protection Rules]The people’s court shall support the claim of a third party who provides a material guarantee for another person’s debts by referring to the relevant rules for the protection of the guarantor’s rights such as Articles 695, 700, 701 and 702 of the Civil Code.
　　Article 21 [Method of Dispute Resolution and Determination of Jurisdiction Court]Creditors sue the debtor and the guarantor at the same time. Both the principal creditor’s rights and debt contract and the guarantee contract stipulate the dispute settlement method or the competent court. If the agreement is inconsistent, the competent or competent matters shall be determined according to the agreement in the principal creditor’s rights and debt contract. If there is no agreement on the dispute settlement method or the competent court or only the guarantee contract, the competent court shall be determined according to the relationship between the principal creditor’s rights and debts.
　　In general guarantee, the creditor applies for adding the debtor as a co-defendant after suing the guarantor, and if the debtor raises jurisdiction objection, the court of jurisdiction shall be determined according to the relationship between the principal creditor’s rights and debts.
　　In the joint and several liability guarantee, the creditor only sues the guarantor, and if the dispute settlement method or the court of jurisdiction is stipulated in the guarantee contract, the competent or jurisdictional matters shall be determined according to this agreement; If there is no agreement on the dispute settlement method or the competent court, the competent court shall be determined according to the guarantee contract relationship.
　　Article 22 [Connection between Bankruptcy Procedure and Guarantee Liability]When the people’s court accepts the debtor’s bankruptcy case, if the creditor requests the guarantor to assume the guarantee responsibility for the unpaid part in the bankruptcy procedure, it shall do so within six months after the bankruptcy procedure ends.
　　If the people’s court accepts the debtor’s bankruptcy case, and the creditor files a lawsuit in the people’s court after declaring the creditor’s rights in the bankruptcy procedure, and requests the guarantor to assume the guarantee responsibility, the people’s court may directly judge the guarantor to assume the guarantee responsibility, but it should be clear in the judgment that the guarantor has the right to be compensated in the bankruptcy procedure instead of the creditor. The people’s court shall not support the guarantor’s claim for compensation from the debtor after reconciliation or reorganization after assuming the guarantee responsibility.
　　Article 23 [Consequences of the Guarantor’s Failure to Exercise the Right of Recovery in advance due to the Creditor]If the creditor knows or should know that the debtor is bankrupt, and neither declares the creditor’s rights nor notifies the guarantor, so that the guarantor cannot exercise the right of recourse in advance, the guarantor shall be exempted from the guarantee liability to the extent that the creditor’s rights may be compensated in the bankruptcy proceedings.
　　After the people’s court accepts the debtor’s bankruptcy case, if the creditor fails to declare his creditor’s rights, the guarantor jointly guaranteed shall declare his creditor’s rights as a subject and exercise the right of recourse in advance.
　　Article 24 [Interest on secured debt stops when the debtor goes bankrupt]After the people’s court accepts the debtor’s bankruptcy case, the creditor requests the guarantor to assume the guarantee responsibility, and if the guarantor claims that the guarantee responsibility will stop bearing interest from the date when the people’s court accepts the bankruptcy application, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Second, about the guarantee contract
　　Article 25 [Parties to General Guarantee]In general guarantee, the people’s court shall accept the lawsuit brought by the creditor with the debtor and the guarantor as co-defendants, but it should be clear in the judgment that the guarantor shall only assume the guarantee responsibility for the part of the debtor’s property that cannot be performed after being enforced according to law; Where the creditor applies for the preservation of the property of the general guarantor, the people’s court shall not support it, except that the evidence proves the existence of the circumstances stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 687 of the Civil Code.
　　In general guarantee, if the creditor only sues the guarantor, the people’s court may explain it to him and inform him to add the debtor as a co-defendant; If the creditor refuses to add, it may dismiss its lawsuit, except as otherwise provided by laws and judicial interpretations.
　　Article 26 [Warranty Period of General Warranty]The creditor of general guarantee only sues the guarantor, and it is explained that when applying for adding the debtor as a co-defendant, if the guarantor claims not to bear the guarantee liability after the expiration of the guarantee period, the people’s court shall support it.
　　The creditor of general guarantee has not brought a lawsuit or applied for arbitration against the debtor within the guarantee period. Even if there is evidence to prove that he has claimed the right to the guarantor, the people’s court shall support the guarantor’s claim that he will not assume the guarantee responsibility after the guarantee period expires.
　　Article 27 [Limitation of Action for General Guarantee]If the debtor has no property to execute after the creditor of general guarantee brings a lawsuit against the debtor or applies for arbitration within the guarantee period, and the people’s court makes an order to terminate the execution within six months from the date of receiving the application for execution, the limitation of action for the secured debt shall be calculated from the date when the order takes effect; If the people’s court fails to make a ruling within six months from the date of receiving the application for execution, the limitation of action for secured debts shall be counted from the date of expiration of six months from the date of receiving the application for execution.
　　Article 28 [Joint Guarantee and its Guarantee Period]There are more than two guarantees for the same debt, and the guarantors constitute joint and several guarantees. When the creditor claims rights from the guarantors according to law during the guarantee period, the guarantors can prove that the creditor failed to claim rights from other guarantors according to law during the guarantee period, resulting in its inability to exercise the right of recourse, and accordingly claim to be exempted from the guarantee liability within the scope of its inability to exercise the right of recourse, the people’s court shall support it.
　　If there are more than two guarantees for the same debt, and the guarantors do not constitute joint and several guarantees, the people’s court will not support the creditor’s claim that the effect of the act is extended to other guarantors on the grounds that he has claimed rights from one guarantor according to law within the guarantee period.
　　For the same debt, there are both general guarantee and joint and several liability guarantee, and the people’s court will not support it if the guarantor of the general guarantee claims to bear the guarantee responsibility only for the part that the joint and several liability guarantor cannot pay off.
　　Article 29 [Guarantee Period of Maximum Guarantee]In the maximum amount guarantee contract, the guarantee period is calculated separately for the guaranteed debts one by one, unless otherwise agreed by the parties on the calculation method and starting date of the guarantee period.
　　Article 30 [Does Withdrawal of Lawsuit Affect Warranty Period]If the creditor of general guarantee brings a lawsuit or applies for arbitration against the debtor within the guarantee period and then withdraws the lawsuit or arbitration application, it will not affect the guarantee period.
　　If the creditor of the joint and several liability guarantee has filed a lawsuit or applied for arbitration against the guarantor within the guarantee period, and then withdrew the lawsuit or arbitration application, and a copy of the indictment or arbitration application has been served on the guarantor, the people’s court shall hold that the creditor has claimed the rights from the guarantor within the guarantee period.
　　Article 31 [Guarantee Period when Guarantee Contract is Invalid]If the suretyship contract is invalid, cancelled or determined to be ineffective, the creditor fails to exercise his rights according to law within the suretyship period, and the guarantor claims not to be liable for compensation, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 32 [Active Review during Warranty Period]The people’s court shall examine the fact that the guarantee period has expired ex officio when trying the relevant dispute cases involving the guarantee contract.
　　Article 33 [Providing guarantee for debts beyond the limitation of action]If the guarantor voluntarily assumes the guarantee liability after the expiration of the limitation of action for the principal debt, and later claims not to assume the guarantee liability on the grounds of the expiration of the limitation of action, the people’s court will not support it; The people’s court shall not support the guarantor’s claim against the debtor after assuming the guarantee responsibility for the debt whose limitation of action has expired.
　　After the expiration of the limitation of action for the principal debt, the people’s court shall not support the request of the guarantor who provides another guarantee to cancel the guarantee contract or confirm that the guarantee contract is invalid, except that he can prove that the guarantee contract is revocable or invalid.
　　Article 34 [Identification of Guarantee Types]If a third party provides a similar commitment document such as margin replenishment and liquidity support as a credit enhancement measure, if it means to provide a guarantee, and the creditor requests the third party to assume the guarantee responsibility, the people’s court shall handle it in accordance with the relevant provisions of the guarantee, but the provisions of the guarantee period shall not apply.
　　The people’s court shall examine whether the third party has the intention to share the debt with the debtor when determining whether the third party constitutes the debt as stipulated in Article 552 of the Civil Code. The third party’s expression of will can’t be determined as debt joining. If there is an expression of will to provide guarantee, it shall be deemed as guarantee.
　　Article 35 [Guarantee Insurance]Disputes arising from the guarantee insurance shall be governed by the provisions of the Insurance Law.
　　The people’s court shall support the insurer’s claim for compensation from the debtor within the scope of compensation after it has compensated the insured in accordance with the guarantee insurance contract. The people’s court shall support the insurer’s request that the debtor calculate the loss of insurance premium occupation according to the quoted interest rate of one-year loan market at the time of insurance premium payment. If the insurer requests the debtor to pay liquidated damages and other expenses as agreed, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Third, about the security interest
　　(A) the effectiveness of the security contract and the security interest
　　Article 36 [Validity of Mortgage Contract Without Mortgage Registration]The validity of the guarantee contract shall not be affected if the property whose ownership is unknown or controversial, the property sealed up or detained, the property within the customs supervision period, etc. is used as a guarantee. If the creditor requests the guarantor to bear the liability for breach of contract within the agreed value range of the secured property due to the failure to register, the people’s court shall support it, but it shall not exceed the liability that the guarantor should bear when the security interest is effectively established.
　　Article 37 [Indivisible Property]If the principal creditor’s rights have not been fully paid off, and the holder of the security interest claims to exercise the security interest on all the secured property, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　If the secured property is divided or partially transferred, and the obligee for security claims to exercise the mortgage right on the divided or transferred secured property, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　Article 38 [Individuality of Principal Creditor’s Rights]If the principal creditor’s rights are divided or partially transferred, and each creditor claims to exercise the security interest on his share of creditor’s rights, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　If the principal debt is divided or partially transferred, the guarantor still guarantees several debtors to perform their debts with his secured property. However, if a third party provides a guarantee, and the creditor allows the debtor to transfer the debt without the written consent of the guarantor, and the creditor requests the guarantor to assume the guarantee responsibility for the debt transferred without the consent of the guarantor, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 39 [Mortgage and Collateral]Before the mortgage is established, it is an accessory to the mortgaged property. If the mortgagee claims that the mortgage is effective and is an accessory, the people’s court shall support it, unless otherwise agreed by the parties or the mortgaged property and the accessory are owned by two or more people respectively.
　　After the mortgage is established, it is an accessory to the mortgaged property. If the mortgagee claims that the mortgage is effective and is an accessory, the people’s court will not support it, but it can be disposed of together when the mortgage is realized.
　　Article 40 [Mortgages and Attachments]After the mortgage is established, the mortgaged property is attached, mixed or processed, and the mortgagor has the ownership of the attached property, mixture or processed product. If the mortgagee claims that the mortgage is effective to the attached property, mixture or processed product, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　If the third party’s attachment, mixing or processing of the mortgaged property makes the mortgagor and the third party co-owners of the attachment, mixture or processed product, and the mortgagee claims that the effectiveness of the mortgage is limited to the mortgagor’s share of the co-ownership, the people’s court shall support it. If the third party’s attachment, mixing or processing of the mortgaged property leads to the decrease in the value of the mortgaged property, and the mortgagee claims priority compensation for the third party’s share of the common property within the range of the decrease in the value of the mortgaged property, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 41 [Property Subrogation Effect of Mortgage]After the establishment of the mortgage right according to law, the mortgaged property is damaged, lost or expropriated, and the mortgagee requests the obligor to be compensated in priority for insurance, compensation or compensation according to the original mortgage right, and the people’s court shall support it.
　　If the obligor for payment has already paid the mortgagor insurance money, compensation money or compensation money, and the mortgagee requests the obligor for payment of insurance money, compensation money or compensation money, the people’s court will not support it, except that the obligor for payment still pays the mortgagor after the mortgagee notifies the obligor for payment in writing.
　　Article 42 [Transfer of Mortgaged Property]If the mortgagee claims that the mortgage property transfer contract is invalid on the grounds that the mortgage contract prohibits or restricts the transfer of the mortgaged property, the people’s court will not support it. The agreement prohibiting or restricting the transfer of the mortgaged property has been registered. If the mortgagor transfers the mortgaged property and the mortgagee requests to cancel the contract, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Under any of the following circumstances, the people’s court shall support the mortgagee’s request that the transfer of mortgaged property may damage his mortgage right and the mortgagor use the proceeds from the transfer to pay off debts in advance or deposit them:
　　(a) the mortgage contract prohibits or restricts the transfer of mortgaged property;
　　(2) If the mortgaged property is a commercial house, the transferee is the commercial house consumer whose rights have priority over the mortgagee according to law;
　　(3) Other circumstances in which the transfer of mortgaged property may damage the mortgage right.
　　Article 43 [Legal Consequences of Expiration of Limitation of Action for Principal Creditor’s Rights]After the limitation of action for principal creditor’s rights expires, if the mortgagee requests to exercise the mortgage right, the people’s court will not support it; The people’s court shall support the mortgagor’s request for cancellation of mortgage registration after the expiration of the limitation of action for principal creditor’s rights. If the creditor claims the debtor’s rights within the limitation period, and fails to apply to the people’s court for enforcement within the statutory period after winning the judgment, and then requests to exercise the mortgage right, the people’s court will not support it.
　　The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to the pledge of rights with registration as the publicity method.
　　After the limitation of action for principal creditor’s rights expires, the people’s court shall support the pledgor and debtor’s request for the return of pledged property or retained property if the debtor fails to perform his obligations. [Another view] The people’s court does not support it.
　　Article 44 [Procedures for Realizing Security Interests] If the parties agree that when the debtor fails to perform the due debt or the situation of realizing the security interest agreed by the parties occurs, the security interest holder can discount the secured property or auction or sell it by himself and get priority compensation for the proceeds, the agreement is valid. If the mortgagee is unable to discount, auction or sell the secured property by himself due to the guarantor, and the mortgagee requests the guarantor to bear the increased expenses, the people’s court shall support it.
　　If the parties apply for auction or sale of the secured property in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Procedure Law on "cases of realizing security interests", the respondent claims to reject the application on the grounds that the arbitration clause in the guarantee contract is stipulated, and the dispute is settled through arbitration. After hearing the case, the people’s court shall handle it according to the following circumstances:
　　(1) If the parties have no substantive dispute over the real right for security and the conditions for realizing the real right for security have been achieved, they shall make an order to allow the auction or sale of the secured property;
　　(2) If the parties have some substantive disputes over the realization of the security interest, they may rule that the auction or sale of the secured property is allowed for the undisputed part, and inform them that they can apply for arbitration for the disputed part;
　　(3) If the parties have substantive disputes over the realization of the security interest, they shall rule to reject the application and inform them that they can apply for arbitration on the disputed part.
　　Where a creditor claims to exercise a security interest by way of litigation, the debtor and the guarantor shall be co-defendants.
　　(2) Mortgage of real estate
　　Article 45 [Validity of Real Estate Mortgage Contract]The people’s court shall support the creditor’s request to the mortgagor to go through the mortgage registration formalities after the real estate mortgage contract comes into effect; If the mortgage registration cannot be handled due to the loss of the mortgaged property or the transfer of the mortgaged property, and the creditor requests the mortgagor to bear the liability for breach of contract within the agreed value of the mortgaged property, the people’s court shall support it, but it shall not exceed the liability that the mortgagor should bear when the mortgage can be effectively established.
　　Article 46 [Effectiveness of Real Estate Register]The records made in the real estate register on the mortgaged property and the secured creditor’s rights are inconsistent with those stipulated in the mortgage contract. If the parties claim that the contents recorded in the register shall prevail, the people’s court shall support them.
　　Article 47 [Consequences of Failure to register due to reasons of the registration department]When a party applies for the registration of mortgaged property, it is unable to register the mortgaged property due to the fault of the registration department, and if the party requests the registration authority to bear the liability for compensation according to law, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 48 [Illegal Building Mortgage]The mortgage contract shall be invalid if the building confirmed as illegal or illegal by legal procedures is mortgaged. The legal consequences of the invalidity of the mortgage contract shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of the first and second paragraphs of Article 17 of this Interpretation.
　　Article 49 [Mortgage of Allocated Land Use Rights]The people’s court shall not support the mortgagor’s claim that the mortgage contract is invalid or ineffective on the grounds that it has not been approved by the people’s government with the right of approval. The people’s court shall support the creditor’s request that the mortgagor bear the liability for breach of contract because the failure to register the mortgage has caused losses to the creditor.
　　The people’s court shall not support the mortgagor’s mortgage on the house allocated with the right to use the construction land, and the parties request to confirm that the mortgage contract is invalid on the grounds that the allocated land use right cannot be mortgaged. When the mortgage is realized, the proceeds from the auction and sale of the house shall be used in priority to pay the transfer fee for the right to use the construction land.
　　Article 50 [Integral Mortgage of Premises]The people’s court shall support the claim of the creditor that the mortgage is valid only for the right to use the construction land, and that the creditor claims the validity of the mortgage on the existing buildings and the completed parts of the buildings under construction. The people’s court does not support the creditor’s claim that the validity of the mortgage extends to the continued part of the building under construction and the new building.
　　If the mortgagor mortgages the right to use the construction land and the buildings on it or the buildings under construction to different creditors respectively, the people’s court shall determine the order of mortgage according to the order of registration.
　　Article 51 [Mortgage Advance Notice Registration]After the parties set up mortgage with pre-purchased commercial housing and registered the mortgage advance notice, the creditor requests to exercise the mortgage right, and if the first registration has been registered after examination, it shall be deemed that the mortgage right has been established since the date of registering the advance notice; If the first registration has not been made, the claim shall be rejected, but the effectiveness of the mortgage notice registration shall not be affected.
　　If the mortgaged property is auctioned or sold by the people’s court, the people’s court shall support it if the right holder of advance notice registration claims priority in compensation for the mortgaged property and has gone through the first registration after examination; If the first registration has not been made, the application shall be rejected, but the obligee of advance notice registration shall be informed that he can claim the right to exercise the mortgage from the transferee from the date of the first registration.
　　If the mortgagor is declared bankrupt by the people’s court within the validity period of the advance notice registration after the parties concerned handle the advance notice registration, and the right holder of the advance notice registration claims priority in repayment of the mortgaged property, the people’s court shall support it.
　　(3) Movable property and security of rights
　　Article 52 [General Description of Guaranteed Property]The parties make a general description of the secured property in the chattel guarantee contract. If the relevant description is enough to reasonably identify the secured property, the guarantee contract shall be deemed to be established.
　　The description of the guaranteed property in the chattel guarantee contract does not meet the reasonable identification standard, and it is still impossible to distinguish the property from the other properties of the guarantor after correction. If the guarantor claims that the guarantee contract is not established, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 53 [Effectiveness of Unregistered Chattel Mortgage Contract]If the mortgagor transfers, leases or transfers the mortgaged property after the chattel mortgage contract is signed, the people’s court will not support it, unless the mortgagee can prove that the transferee or lessee is malicious.
　　If the mortgagor’s other creditors apply to the people’s court for the preservation or enforcement of the mortgaged property after the signing of the chattel mortgage contract, and the mortgagee claims that the chattel has priority in compensation, the people’s court will not support it.
　　If the mortgagor fails to register the mortgage after the signing of the chattel mortgage contract, and the creditor claims that the chattel should be paid first, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 54 [Pledge of Property under the Supervision of a Third Party]The creditor, the pledgor and the supervisor conclude a tripartite agreement, and the pledgor guarantees the creditor’s rights with goods within a certain period of time or a certain value. If the parties have evidence to prove that the supervisor is entrusted by the creditor to supervise and possess the pledged property, the people’s court shall determine that the pledge is established from the day when the supervisor occupies the pledged property. If the supervisor releases goods to the pledgor in violation of the agreement and the pledged property is damaged or lost due to improper storage, and the creditor requests the supervisor to bear the liability for breach of contract, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　The creditor, the pledgor and the supervisor enter into a tripartite agreement, and the pledgor guarantees the creditor’s rights with goods within a certain period of time or value. If the parties have evidence to prove that the supervisor is entrusted by the pledgor to supervise the pledged property, or the pledgor fails to actually perform the supervisory duties despite being entrusted by the creditor, resulting in the pledged property still being under the control of the pledgor, the people’s court shall hold that the pledge right is not established. The creditor may request the pledgee to bear the liability for breach of contract based on the agreement in the pledge contract, but its scope shall not exceed the liability that the pledgee shall bear when the pledge right is effectively established. If the supervisor fails to perform his supervisory duties and the creditor requests the supervisor to bear the liability for breach of contract, the people’s court shall support it according to law.
　　Article 55 [Price Priority]Enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, agricultural producers and operators set floating mortgages on their existing and existing production equipment, raw materials, semi-finished products and products, and then purchase movable property by way of ownership retention or financial lease. If the seller or lessor handles the publicity of the movable property retention or financial lease within 10 days after the delivery of the movable property, the people’s court shall support it if it claims that its rights are prior to the floating mortgage according to the provisions of Article 416 of the Civil Code.
　　Article 56 [Bill of Lading Pledge]In the letter of credit transaction, if the issuing bank holds the bill of lading according to the agreement between it and the applicant, and the issuing bank claims its ownership of the goods under the bill of lading on the grounds of holding the bill of lading, the people’s court will not support it. The people’s court shall support the issuing bank’s claim that the goods under the bill of lading should be paid first.
　　Article 57 [Pledge of Bills of Exchange]If a bill of exchange is pledged, but the word "pledge" is not recorded in the endorsement, and the pledgee claims that the pledge has been established only on the grounds that the bill has been delivered, the people’s court will not support it.
　　If a bill of exchange is pledged, although the word "pledge" is recorded in the endorsement, but the bill is not signed, and the pledgee claims that the pledge has been established, the people’s court will not support it.
　　Article 58 [Warehouse Receipt Pledge]Warehouse receipts must record the items specified in Article 909 of the Civil Code. If a party pledges a warehouse receipt that does not meet the provisions of this article, the people’s court shall deem the pledge of the warehouse receipt invalid.
　　After the pledgor pledges the warehouse receipt that meets the legal requirements, the pledgee establishes a pledge for other creditors with the stored goods, and the pledgee requests to confirm that the pledge of the stored goods is invalid, and the people’s court shall support it. [Another point of view] We should comprehensively examine whether the pledge is effectively established and the order of establishment to determine the repayment order.
　　If multiple warehouse receipts have been issued on the same warehouse, and the parties have set up multiple warehouse receipts as pledges, the people’s court shall support the creditor who first obtained the warehouse receipts to claim priority in compensation for the warehouse; If the order of obtaining warehouse receipts cannot be determined, the creditors who have obtained warehouse receipts will be compensated equally according to the proportion of their claims.
　　Article 59 [Pledge of Accounts Receivable]If the existing accounts receivable are pledged, the pledgee requests the debtors of accounts receivable to perform their debts, and the debtors of accounts receivable claim that they are not liable on the grounds that the accounts receivable do not exist from the beginning, and the creditors cannot prove that the accounts receivable really exist at the time of pledge registration, the people’s court will not support their request for priority compensation for the accounts receivable; If the debtor of accounts receivable claims that the accounts receivable have been eliminated when the pledge registration is handled, but fails to prove it, the people’s court will not support it. If the creditor and debtor of accounts receivable pledge fictitious accounts receivable, and the pledgee requests the debtor of accounts receivable to perform the debt, the people’s court shall support it, unless the pledgee knows the fiction.
　　If the existing accounts receivable are pledged, the parties concerned fail to notify the debtors of the accounts receivable, and the debtors of the accounts receivable perform their debts to the creditors, and the pledgee requests priority in compensation for the money obtained by the creditors, the people’s court will not support it; The people’s court shall support the pledgee who has notified the debtor of accounts receivable that the debtor of accounts receivable still performs to the creditor, resulting in the extinction of accounts receivable, and requests the creditor and the debtor of accounts receivable to bear joint and several liability for compensation.
　　Where the charging right of real estate such as highway bridges, highway tunnels or highway ferries is pledged, the parties set up a specific account for the accounts receivable, and the pledgee requests priority compensation for the accounts receivable in the specific account when there is a legal or agreed reason for realizing the pledge right, the people’s court shall support it; The people’s court shall support the pledgee’s request for auction or sale of accounts receivable without setting a specific account.
　　Article 60 [Lien]If the debtor fails to perform the due debt, the creditor retains the movable property that the debtor has legally possessed, and the actual owner of the movable property requests to return the property, the people’s court will not support it.
　　IV. Other guarantees with guarantee function
　　Article 61 [Guarantee without legal registration agency]If the creditor and the guarantor conclude a guarantee contract, and stipulate that the property that is not prohibited or allowed to be pledged by laws and administrative regulations is set as a guarantee by registration as a publicity method, it will not have the effect of real right if it is not registered in the statutory registration agency. The people’s court shall support the request of the parties to pay off the debts by discounting the property or the proceeds from sale or auction as agreed in the guarantee contract.
　　Article 62 [Financing Lease]If the parties to a financial lease agree that the lease item shall be owned by the lessee after the lease term expires, and the lessee fails to pay the remaining rent after paying part of the rent, and the lessor requests the lessee to pay the remaining rent and give priority to the compensation of the lease item, the people’s court may refer to the procedures for realizing the applicable security interest.
　　If the parties to a financial lease agree that the lease item shall be owned by the lessee after the lease term expires, and the lessee fails to pay the remaining rent after paying part of the rent, and the lessor requests to terminate the contract and recover the lease item, the people’s court may refer to the procedures for realizing the applicable security interest. If the lessee claims that the value of the leased property recovered exceeds the unpaid rent and other expenses, the people’s court shall determine the value of the leased property in accordance with the provisions of the financial lease contract; If there is no agreement or unclear agreement in the financial lease contract, the value of the lease item can be determined by referring to the depreciation of the lease item agreed in the financial lease contract and the residual value of the lease item after the expiration of the contract.
　　Article 63 [Retention of Ownership]If the parties agree that the seller shall retain the ownership of the contract property, and the seller files a lawsuit to claim back the property according to Article 642 of the Civil Code, the people’s court shall explain it to him and inform him to claim his rights with reference to the realization procedure of the security right. If the seller refuses, the people’s court shall reject the seller’s claim.
　　Article 64 [Factoring]Factoring and pledge of accounts receivable exist in the same account receivable at the same time, and the people’s court shall support it if the parties claim to determine the priority by referring to the provisions of Article 768 of the Civil Code.
　　If the parties agree on the factoring with recourse, the people’s court shall support the factor in bringing a lawsuit with the creditor of accounts receivable and the debtor as co-defendants and requesting joint liability; If the creditor’s rights of accounts receivable obtained by the factor from the debtor of accounts receivable exceed the principal and interest of factoring financing and related expenses, and the creditor of accounts receivable requests the factor to return the excess and its interest, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 65 [Validity of Contract with Guarantee Function]The scope and effectiveness of the bona fide "third party" that the obligee’s rights are not registered for contracts with guarantee functions such as ownership retention, factoring and financial leasing shall be dealt with with with reference to Article 53 of these Provisions.
　　Article 66 [Guarantee for Formal Transfer of Property to Creditor’s Name]If the debtor or a third party enters into a contract with the creditor on the transfer of property with a repurchase clause, and it is agreed that the property will be formally transferred to the creditor’s name to guarantee the performance of the debt, and the debtor fails to perform the due debt and the property belongs to the creditor, the people’s court shall consider this part of the agreement invalid, but it will not affect the validity of other parts of the contract.
　　According to the contract agreed in the preceding paragraph, the parties have formally transferred the property to the creditor’s name in the form of publicity of the change of property rights, and the debtor fails to perform the due debts, and the creditor requests to confirm that the property belongs to him, and the people’s court will not support it. If a party requests auction or sale of property, and the proceeds are used to give priority to compensation or pay off debts, the people’s court shall support it.
　　Article 67 [Guarantee for Formal Transfer of Equity to Creditor’s Name]Shareholders provide guarantee for debt performance by transferring their equity to creditors’ names, and the people’s court does not support the company or its creditors’ request that creditors as nominal shareholders and shareholders bear joint and several liabilities on the grounds that shareholders fail to perform or fully perform their capital contribution obligations or withdraw their capital contribution.
　　When the people’s court determines whether a transaction is equity transfer or equity transfer to the creditor’s name to provide guarantee for debt performance, it needs to comprehensively examine the following factors:
　　(a) whether there is a secured principal creditor-debtor relationship;
　　(2) Whether there is an equity repurchase clause;
　　(3) Whether the shareholders enjoy and exercise their rights.
　　Article 68 [Margin]After the debtor or a third party specified his money in the form of special account or security deposit, he handed it over to the creditor for possession as a guarantee for the creditor’s rights. If the debtor fails to perform the debt, the creditor claims that the money should be paid in priority, and the people’s court should support it.
　　If the debtor or a third party takes a specific account such as its money deposits received account as a guarantee, and the creditor who can actually control the specific account claims that the money in the specific account is given priority, the people’s court shall support it.
　　If the deposit agreed by the parties does not meet the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, and the creditor claims priority in payment of the deposit, the people’s court will not support it, but it will not affect the parties’ claim of rights according to the agreement.
　　V. Supplementary Provisions
　　Article 69 [Scope of Application]This interpretation shall come into force as of January 1, 2021.
　　The civil code and this interpretation shall apply to the guarantee behavior that occurs after the implementation of the civil code. The guarantee behavior that occurred before the implementation of the Civil Code shall be governed by the laws and judicial interpretations at that time; If there are no provisions in the laws at that time, the Civil Code and this interpretation can be applied.

　　On August 10th, the entrances and exits of 92 expressway toll stations in Jiangsu were temporarily closed in one or two directions, and 26 ordinary national and provincial highways were temporarily closed in one or two directions.

　　As of 9: 00 am on August 10th, the entrances and exits of 92 expressway toll stations in Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Lianyungang, Huai ‘an, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Taizhou were temporarily closed in one or two directions, as follows:

　　As of 9: 00 am on August 10th, 26 provincial highways in Jiangsu Province were temporarily closed in one or two directions, as follows:

　　Nanjing 10:

　　1. The intersection K405+621 of Ning Gaoxin Passage Section of Jiangning G235 Xinhai Line is closed in both directions.

　　2. The intersection of Jiangning S002 and S204 Ninggao Line K52+800 is closed in both directions towards the lake maturity direction.

　　3. The intersection of Jiangning S002 and Jiangjun Avenue is closed in both directions towards Lukou.

　　4. The junction of K41+097 Anhui on Jiangning S126 Ningdan Line is closed in both directions.

　　5. At the junction of S204 and S002 in Jiangning, it is closed in both directions towards Lukou.

　　6. The K15+200 Osborn section of Jiangning S204 Ninggao Line is closed in both directions (there is an exit in the upward direction).

　　7. Jiangning S243 K82+600-86+100 is closed in both directions.

　　8. The intersection of Jiangning S340 and Jiangjun Avenue is closed in two directions towards Lukou.

　　9. The ramp of Lishui S243 K76+850 Lishui Development Zone is closed in the direction of Xinhuai Avenue.

　　10. Lishui S243 K79+200 double-yearned for the closing of the ramp crossing in the direction of S204.

　　Yangzhou 8:

　　1, G328 K302 Jiangdu entrance,

　　2, S243 K2+950 Guazhou ferry,

　　3, S462 K9+600 south along the Yangtze River,

　　4, S61K7+600 and Hanjiang junction,

　　5. S61K8+950 Xiangyang River Bridge (at the junction with Gaoyou)

　　6, S356 K272+200 Jiangdu Hanjiang junction,

　　7, S331 K100+270 (Yancheng Settings, Yancheng and Yangzhou border),

　　8. S356 K272+600 Touqiao Town East Jiajiang Bridge West.

　　Taizhou 5:

　　1, G344 highway K135+400 xinghua city Qianduo Town and Yangzhou Gaoyou City junction,

　　2, G523 highway K20+031 Gaogang ferry (border with Zhenjiang),

　　3, S351 highway K116 xinghua city development zone and Yangzhou Gaoyou junction,

　　4, S352 highway K101+100 xinghua city Chenbao Town and Yangzhou Jiangdu District junction,

　　5. The downward direction of G328 Highway K274+550 is Yangzhou boundary in Kowloon (one-way closed).

　　Huaian 2:

　　1, S348 K196+500 to Hongze city direction,

　　2. S350 at the intersection of S350 and S247 is heading for Hongze.

　　Lianyungang 1:

　　1. The deck section of Lianyungang S236 yi river Manshui Bridge (S236K113+790-K115+400).

　　(CCTV reporter Tang Gaolin)

　　The latest edition of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022 updated the recommendation on milk consumption, and the recommended daily milk consumption of residents was revised from 300g in 2016 to 300-500g.

　　However, the 2022 China Dairy Merchants Index Report (hereinafter referred to as the Report) released today (June 13th) found that in the past five years, the public’s knowledge and behavior of drinking milk have been continuously improved, but in 2022, the public’s average daily intake of dairy products was 255 ml. Only 24.2% people consume more than 300ml of dairy products every day.

　　The report also found that the "milk population" who can insist on daily intake of dairy products accounts for about a quarter of China’s population. At present, most of Chinese has not formed the habit of drinking milk every day. So, what are the obstacles that affect Chinese’s drinking milk?

　　China Dairy Merchants Index Report 2022.

　　Why are dietary guidelines updated?

　　"Dairy products contain high-quality protein. Among natural foods, calcium in milk is the most beneficial for human body to absorb." Chen Wei is the chief physician of the Nutrition Department of Union Medical College Hospital. He told reporters that milk is an excellent food source for calcium intake. With the improvement of living standards of Chinese people, the recommended intake is also "rising". Some studies at home and abroad also found that the lack of dairy intake may be related to some chronic diseases. For health reasons, Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022 advocates that China residents should consume more dairy products.

　　"Dietary Guide" is a guiding document that transforms the existing evidence research on dietary nutrition and health into a balanced diet based on food according to the food production and supply and the actual living conditions of residents, so as to help people make scientific food choices, rationally match meals, promote health and prevent and reduce the occurrence of nutrition-related diseases.

　　The recommended amount of calcium intake varies from country to country. In 2022, researchers from School of Public Health of Harbin Medical University published articles in Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine. Taking the recommended amount of calcium for adults in various countries as an example, the United States, Britain, Northern Europe and the European Union were 1000 mg/day, 700 mg/day, 800 mg/day and 950mg/ day respectively. Except for the actual intake level in the United States, the actual calcium intake in other countries was higher than the recommended amount.

　　In East Asia, the recommended amount of calcium for Japanese adults is 660mg/ day for women and 738mg/ day for men. According to the 2019 Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey, the average calcium intake of residents is about 560mg/ day, which is slightly lower than the recommended amount. The recommended amount of dietary calcium for adults in China is 800mg/ day, but the actual intake is only 366.1mg/ day, which is significantly lower than the recommended amount. The researchers believe that it is suggested that there may be a general lack of calcium intake among Chinese residents.

　　Before the latest revision of the 2022 version of the dietary guidelines for China residents was released, the China Nutrition Society organized experts to complete the Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for China Residents in order to find evidence for revising the dietary guidelines.

　　In the part about dairy products, the "Research Report" puts forward that "the average intake of milk by Chinese residents has been at a low level, and the consumption rate of milk and its products in all groups is low, and the consumption rate of children and adolescents is higher than that of adults, and the consumption of all groups is lower than the recommended intake level. Insufficient milk intake is the main reason for the high proportion of calcium intake by Chinese residents."

　　Among them, the nutrition and health problems of the elderly population are not optimistic. According to the data of the above-mentioned "research report", the proportion of insufficient calcium intake among the elderly is higher than 80%, and the problem of malnutrition among the elderly in rural areas is more prominent.

　　On June 13th, the 2022 Dairy Business Index report was released online.

　　The habit of drinking milk has yet to be formed

　　"The value of the recommended amount is given through a large sample epidemiological investigation and expert argumentation." For the update of dietary guidelines for China residents, Zuo Xiaoxia, director of the Nutrition Department of the Eighth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, said that this was based on the actual situation and "try to be in line with international standards."

　　In the "Research Report", the expert group also combed the recommended values of dietary guidelines for milk and dairy products in some countries and regions. Among them, the recommended amount in Japan is 200ml, that in the United States is about 710ml, that in Australia is 300-750ml, and that in Hong Kong, China is 480ml for men and 240-480ml for women. The recommended intake of dairy products in Asian countries is generally lower than that in Europe and America.

　　In order to understand the changes of China people’s knowledge, behavior and habit of drinking milk, since 2018, China Dairy Industry Association, China Association for the Promotion of International Exchanges in Health Care and Royal Dutch Friesland have jointly launched a survey called "China Dairy Merchants Index Report". Yang Guochao, Vice Chairman of China Dairy Industry Association and Senior Vice President of Royal Friesland of the Netherlands, said that the China Dairy Merchants Index Report over the years has not only objective data, but also a forward-looking perspective and novel views, which has attracted the attention of all sectors of society. Through the annual survey of dairy merchants, we can understand the present situation of Chinese people drinking milk, find out the problems and try to explore solutions.

　　It is worth mentioning that in the five-year survey, the dairy quotient index of China has increased from 60.6% in 2018 to 63.2% in 2022. Experts believe that the public’s knowledge of drinking milk is gradually enriched, and the behavior of drinking milk is gradually improving, which is the result of various factors such as economic income growth, improvement of living standards and popularization of scientific knowledge.

　　However, the challenge that cannot be ignored is that in 2022, the public’s daily intake of dairy products will reach the standard rate (that is, the average daily intake ≥ 300ml) is only 24.2%. Although it is slightly improved compared with 22.5% in 2018, the compliance rate is still very low. "This shows that the dairy merchants of the people in our country still need to be improved." Zuo Xiaoxia said.

　　Consumers buy dairy products in a supermarket in Qingzhou City, Shandong Province. Xinhua news agency

　　What prevents Chinese from eating more dairy products?

　　Chen Wei, chief physician of the Nutrition Department of Union Medical College Hospital, believes that dairy products have not yet achieved all-round popularization on the dining table of China residents. He believes that this has a historical background. For a long time, most residents in China have taken plants and herbs as their main sources of nutrition, while milk food has not yet entered most people’s living habits.

　　"The public has not yet regarded dairy products as an indispensable part of life. We eat rice and pasta every day, but few people think that we can’t do it without drinking milk for a day." Chen Wei said.

　　Moreover, China residents’ natural reaction to dairy products intake is to drink milk. In fact, the nutrition of cheese is not bad at all. For example, the calcium content of milk is about 104mg/100g, and the calcium content of cheese is 799 mg/100 g.

　　The report of dairy merchants also puts forward, "According to 10 kilograms of milk ≈ In terms of 1 kg of cheese, eating more cheese helps children reach the standard of daily dairy intake of 300-500g g. " Infants over one year old can try to eat cheese, try to choose pasteurized natural cheese with low sodium content, and cut it into small pieces when eating to prevent choking.

　　Drinking milk scientifically starts with dolls, and many kindergartens in Beijing set up training courses for dairy merchants.

　　How to correctly ingest dairy products?

　　Chen Wei believes that the public also has a misunderstanding in understanding, as if when it comes to drinking milk to supplement nutrition, it will think of teenagers, the elderly and pregnant women. "It seems that among these three groups of people, dairy products (especially solid milk) are more accepted, and everyone is more willing to take the initiative to supplement them." Chen Wei believes that in fact, the intake of dairy products by adults can not be ignored, which also shows that the general public has not yet developed a habit.

　　Apart from the fact that eating habits are difficult to change in a short period of time, another factor that affects China residents’ milk intake is that there are many misunderstandings about dairy products.

　　For example, are lactose intolerant people completely unable to consume dairy products? Lactose intolerance mainly refers to people’s inability to effectively digest lactose in milk when they ingest it, resulting in abdominal distension, nausea, diarrhea and other problems. The root cause of this phenomenon is the lack of lactase.

　　The incidence of lactose intolerance is really high among people in China who have no habit of drinking milk. Chen Wei emphasized that lactose intolerance should be distinguished from milk allergy, which are two different reactions. Milk allergy is an allergic reaction to milk protein, and its symptoms include laryngeal edema and even systemic immune response, which often have more serious symptoms and require medical intervention.

　　According to the survey of dairy merchants, more than half of the public have been able to recommend lactose-free or low-lactose dairy products for lactose intolerance around them. However, about 10% of the public still have misunderstandings about lactose intolerance and think that they can’t eat any dairy products.

　　People who are lactose intolerant should not give up dairy products. Chen Wei suggested that people who are lactose intolerant can choose yogurt and cheese. Most of the lactose in these products is used by lactic acid bacteria, and the lactose content is low. In fact, some dairy products specially for lactose intolerant people have been developed in the market, such as lactose-free milk developed for Asians.

　　In addition, "if the value of dairy products is recognized, lactose intolerant people can slowly try to gradually increase from less to more when drinking milk, and slowly adapt the intestines." Chen Wei said.

　　Another misunderstanding is that many people think that milk drinks and some milk tea on the market can also be the sources of dairy products. China Residents’ Dietary Guidelines Scientific Research Report 2021 also mentioned that the sales volume of sugary drinks is increasing year by year, and 42.1% of the free sugar intake of urban people comes from sugary drinks and milk drinks. The consumption rate of sugary drinks and beverages among children and adolescents is above 30% and 25%, which is significantly higher than that of adults. At present, the average level of sugar intake of Chinese residents is not high, and the proportion of people whose energy supply ratio exceeds 10% is 1.95, but the consumption rate of sugary drinks of children and adolescents is higher than that of adults, and the energy supply ratio of sugar for children aged 3-5 is as high as 4.8%, which should be paid enough attention to.

　　Written by Southern Reporter Wu Bin from Beijing.

In order to further improve animalsH7N9Avian influenza prevention and control work, according to the current prevention and control situation, our department organized and formulated the "2013Animals in the second half of 2008H7N9Avian Influenza Monitoring Program is hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow it.

　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　Ministry of Agriculture

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2013yeareightmoonfivesun

　

2013Animals in the second half of 2008H7N9Avian influenza surveillance program

I. Purpose of monitoring

In order to find and master in timeH7N9The infection of avian influenza virus in animal groups, analysis and evaluation of the mode and law of transmission, andH7N9Avian influenza virus variation trend, timely removal of animal populations.H7N9The pathogen of avian influenza provides scientific basis.

Second, the monitoring requirements

Combine "2013National Animal Disease Monitoring and Epidemiological Investigation Plan (Agricultural Medical Development [2013〕nine) on avian influenza monitoring work arrangements, to carry out the second half of the animal.H7N9Avian influenza surveillance.

Third, the monitoring object

Chickens (laying hens, yellow-feathered broilers and other chickens with a long feeding cycle), waterfowl (ducks and geese), artificially raised pigeons and quails, wild birds, and the environment of relevant high-risk areas.

IV. Monitoring Scope and Time

(1) Monitoring scope

oneAll live poultry wholesale markets;

2Live poultry trading stalls (stalls) in farmers’ markets, large-scale poultry farms, free-range households, poultry slaughterhouses and migratory bird habitats.

(2) Monitoring time

All provinces and national reference laboratories should combine the monitoring of avian influenza in the second half of the year.nineConduct a centralized monitoring in January.

V. Monitoring quantity

Live poultry trading market by2%The expected prevalence rate was randomly sampled and monitored, and double swab samples and serological samples from throat and cloaca were collected in parallel.150Copies, environmental samplesthirtyFor testing.

Check outH7N9In the live poultry trading market with positive samples of avian influenza, epidemiological investigation should be conducted in time, and key investigations should be carried out on related farms, and serological and pathogenic samples should be collected from each farm.thirtyShare.

The sampling quantity of other places is in accordance with "2013National Animal Disease Monitoring and Epidemiological Investigation Plan (Agricultural Medical Development [2013〕nineNo. execution).

Sixth, the detection method

(A) serological detection methods

Hemagglutination inhibition test (HI), detection of serumH7Hemagglutinin antibody of subtype avian influenza virus. Refer to Diagnostic Techniques for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (GB/T 18936-2003）。

(2) Pathogen detection methods

The fluorescence quantification recommended by the state was adopted.RT-PCRDetection method: throat and cloaca swab samples are detected.H7Subtype avian influenza virusHAGene fragment. Refer to the instructions for the recommended reagent (box) for specific operation.

VII. Criteria for determination

oneAntibody positive:According to the Diagnostic Technique of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (GB/T 18936-2003), through hemagglutination inhibition test.HITesting,HIAntibody level ≥2^fourThe result was positive.

2Pathogenic monitoring is suspected to be positive:The fluorescence quantification recommended by the state was adopted.RT-PCRDetection method, the result is positive.

three. Positive diagnosis:Individuals suspected to be positive in pathogen monitoring were diagnosed by the National Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory and the results were positive.

four. Positive population:At least detectoneA population of confirmed positive individuals.

VIII. Other matters

(a) monitoring results reported in a timely manner.

Local animal disease prevention and control institutions at all levels will, through the animal health monitoring information system of the National Animal Health Monitoring Information Platform,H7N9Avian influenza monitoring results are reported to China Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center step by step.

If positive individuals are detected, they should be reported to China Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center in time, and the positive samples should be sent to the National Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory for diagnosis; If the diagnosis is positive, the national reference laboratory should complete the analysis and identification of the virus as soon as possible, and report the results to the Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture in a timely manner, and send a copy to China Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center and relevant provinces.

(2) Strict disposal

For the positive group, in strict accordance with the "animals"H7N9Guidelines for Emergency Disposal of Avian Influenza (Trial).

(3) developing animalsH7N9Epidemiological investigation of avian influenza

Once there is human infection,H7N9Bird flu cases, all localities should promptly carry out animal.H7N9Epidemiological investigation of avian influenza.

(D) to carry out animalH7N9Avian influenza related research

National Reference Laboratory of Avian Influenza Should Develop AnimalsH7N9The biological characteristics of avian influenza pathogens and other related research, when necessary, the professional laboratory of avian influenza with relevant qualifications can participate in the relevant detection, diagnosis and research work.

(5) Do a good job in data recording and preservation.

All localities should strictly abide by the relevant management system of monitoring and sampling, and fill in the sampling record form in a standardized way to ensure that the record is true, accurate and traceable.

(6) Strengthen personnel protection

In sampling and monitoring, it is necessary to strengthen personnel protection and strictly implement the Technical Specification for Personnel Protection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza.

　　BEIJING, August 17 (Xinhua)-According to foreign media reports, a large-scale explosion occurred in a commercial center near Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic, which caused a fire. At present, the death toll has increased to 27, and local firefighters are still working hard to put out the fire.

　　According to the Associated Press, an explosion occurred in a bakery in the business district of Sancristobal, about 23 kilometers from the capital, on the afternoon of 14th local time. After the explosion, the fire quickly spread from the bakery to the hardware store and a furniture store next door. More than 500 local rescuers and related officials responded quickly and went to the incident to put out the fire and carry out rescue.

　　The Emergency Operations Center announced on the 15th that 59 people were injured in the explosion and more than 500 people and 32 ambulances were dispatched.

　　Juan Manuel Msa Enders, director of the Emergency Operations Center, said on the 16th that rescuers have found all the bodies of the missing persons, but it still takes time to confirm their identities, and some of the injured people died of injuries in the hospital. The Dominican national health department reported earlier that the initial victims included a four-month-old baby.

　　Msa Enders said that the explosion affected a total of 13 shops, four of which were completely destroyed.

　　It is reported that the authorities are still uncertain about the cause of the accident.

　　Dominican President Abbina del said on the 15th that the government would do its best to investigate the cause of the accident and provide necessary help to the families of the victims.

　　The Dominican Presidential Palace announced on the 16th that August 17th will be designated as a national mourning day, and flags will be flown at half mast in military facilities and public buildings across the country.

At the end of 2022, the personal loan rate in Nanjing was as high as 103%.　

The action of "supporting the demand for buying houses because of the city" is still going on, and the recent new provident fund policies in popular cities are particularly eye-catching.

On February 27th, Nanjing Housing Provident Fund Management Center issued "Implementation Rules on Optimizing Relevant Provisions on Withdrawing Housing Provident Fund to Pay for House Purchase in Nanjing" (hereinafter referred to as "Provident Fund Rules"), clarifying that eligible employees can use the balance of provident fund accounts to pay the down payment for house purchase.

From lowering the interest rate of provident fund loans, increasing the loan amount, supporting "business to public" to liberalizing the provident fund for down payment. Since last year, while optimizing the "four limits" and adjusting the housing commercial loan policy, various localities have gradually opened up their initiatives in provident fund. According to the statistics of the Central Finger Research Institute, since 2022, more than 200 provinces and cities (counties) have optimized the housing provident fund loan policy. Except Nanjing, more than 20 provinces and cities such as Fuzhou and Zhongshan have allowed housing provident fund to pay the down payment.

In this regard, Chen Wenjing, director of market research of the Central Finger Research Institute, told reporters that this will help to reduce the early capital turnover pressure of buyers, on the other hand, it can provide additional funds for buyers, reduce the pressure on mortgage loans that has attracted much attention at present, and further release the housing demand. However, while paying attention to the favorable policies for the property market, the industry is generally concerned about whether the relevant policies are "symptomatic", especially in cities with high loan ratios such as Nanjing, which should also consider the liquidity pressure of the provident fund.

Nanjing provident fund can be used for down payment of house purchase.

On February 2nd, the Nanjing Municipal Government mentioned in the "Several Policies and Measures for Promoting the Economic Operation in Nanjing to Take the Lead in the Overall Improvement" that in promoting the release of reasonable housing demand, it supports the withdrawal of housing provident fund to pay the down payment for house purchase, and reduces the turnover pressure of residents’ down payment funds.

Looking at the "Detailed Rules for Provident Funds" specifically, the document clearly states that employees and their spouses who have paid housing provident funds in this city (hereinafter referred to as "house purchasing employees") can sign an agreement with the development enterprise to use the balance in the individual housing provident fund account as the pre-purchase funds; If the employees who purchase the existing housing in Nanjing meet the conditions for house purchase, they can sign an agreement with the seller to use the balance in the individual housing provident fund account as the pre-purchase funds.

This also means that qualified housing workers in Nanjing can reduce the cost pressure by withdrawing the provident fund when purchasing new and second-hand houses. The new regulations will be implemented from the date of issuance and will be valid until December 31, 2023. Based on this calculation, the period for citizens to enjoy the new regulations is about 10 months.

"(The New Deal) is conducive to reducing the pressure on the early capital turnover of buyers and helping to release the housing demand. On the other hand, for buyers who are willing to reduce loan expenses, the withdrawal of provident fund also provides additional funds for buyers, increasing the proportion of down payment that can be paid. " Chen Wenjing pointed out.

Before the new provident fund policy, the frequency of Nanjing’s "policy for the city" has been high, including liberalizing the purchase restriction in some areas, providing subsidies for talents to buy houses, lowering the threshold for buying second homes, etc. In addition, the personal housing commercial loan policy has also been adjusted, which has boosted the property market significantly.

According to the data of the Central Finger Research Institute, the transaction volume of second-hand houses in Nanjing rebounded to around 6,700 sets in January, with a year-on-year increase. In February, the heat of Nanjing’s new housing market also increased significantly. As of February 28, the transaction area was 605,800 square meters, up 52.90% from the previous month and down 7.75% from the same period last year. The average transaction price was 29,492 yuan/m2, down 12.49% from the previous month and 24.39% from the same period last year.

Previously, statistics from the Bureau of Statistics showed that the sales price of new houses in Nanjing rose year-on-year in January, and the chain was changed from a downward trend to the same as last month. Although the price of second-hand housing continued to decline year-on-year, the chain has been reversed. Not only in Nanjing, but also with the support of multi-faceted policies, the national property market has shown signs of overall warming. Data from a number of third-party platforms show that the transaction volume of the property market rose sharply in February, and the year-on-year decline narrowed. Taking second-hand houses as an example, according to the statistics of Zhuge Housing Search Data Research Center, the transaction volume of second-hand houses in key 10 cities has rebounded strongly by 54% since February, with popular cities such as Hangzhou, Qingdao and Chengdu leading the way.

What is the effect of the new provident fund policy?

Nanjing is not the first city to support the withdrawal of provident fund for down payment. As early as 2022, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Zhuhai, Hainan and other cities introduced similar New Deal. According to the statistics of the Central Finger Research Institute, more than 200 provinces and cities (counties) in China have optimized the housing provident fund loan policy since last year, of which more than 20 provinces and cities have allowed the housing provident fund to pay the down payment.

In addition to supporting the withdrawal of provident fund to pay down payment, the main regulatory directions in various places include increasing the amount of provident fund loans, reducing the down payment ratio of provident fund loans, relaxing the criteria for determining the number of housing units according to the records of provident fund loans, supporting provident fund loans in different places, extending the longest loan period of provident fund, liberalizing the "business transfer to the Communist Party" or offering subsidized provident fund loans, and "one person buying a house to help the whole family".

Regarding the increase in the frequency of the new provident fund policy, Yang Kewei, deputy general manager of the Research Center of Kerui Research Center, pointed out last year that in addition to the greater flexibility in the adjustment of the provident fund loan policy, more importantly, the "four-limit" policy toolbox in many cities has gradually been hollowed out, and the demand-side regulation basically has only two options: provident fund and housing subsidy, while the latter will not only increase financial pressure, but the actual stimulus effect is very limited.

Nowadays, the adjustment space of individual housing commercial loan policy is gradually narrowing after many enlargements, especially under the background that there is a certain threshold for lowering the interest rate of the first suite, it is still an important direction to release the demand for buying houses from the housing provident fund, and the policy measures continue to diversify with the follow-up of various places. Chen Wenjing believes that in the short term, all localities will continue to combine the actual situation of their own provident fund use to "make policy according to the city", and support the cities where the provident fund pays the down payment or continue to expand.

However, compared with commercial loans with wider coverage, the effect of the new provident fund policy also varies from city to city. For example, as early as the middle of last year, Kerry Research Center found that the new provident fund policies in various cities have been implemented, but the policies in most cities such as Nanning and Jinhua have had little effect. Only after the implementation of the New Kunming Policy, the proportion of provident fund loan customers has increased.

"Judging from the implementation effect of the new provident fund policy, the actual inciting effect of the policy on the demand for housing purchase is very limited. Most typical cities reflect that only a few customers may increase their willingness to buy houses or turn to provident fund loans because of the relaxation of the provident fund policy." At that time, the reason why the effect was lower than expected was summarized. Yang Kewei pointed out that it was mainly because of the narrow scope of benefits and "medicine is not symptomatic".

How big is the execution space?

Although many cities have implemented the support of provident fund for down payment, another question worth considering is whether the individual loan rates in various places can continue to support the New Deal.

In the middle of last year, Yang Kewei predicted that Jinan, Nanchang, Kunming and other cities have ample liquidity of provident funds, and there is still room for obvious relaxation of policies. However, the liquidity of Nanjing, Dalian and other cities is already tight, and the space for loosening the provident fund policy is limited.

At the 2022 year-end summary meeting of Nanjing Housing Provident Fund Management Center held in January this year, it was mentioned that the city paid 39.093 billion yuan of housing provident fund for employees throughout the year, and the personal loan rate of housing provident fund remained at 103%. Specifically, Nanjing collected a total of 53.582 billion yuan of housing provident fund last year, achieving 107% of the annual target tasks; 28.384 billion yuan of housing provident fund loans were issued, achieving 105% of the annual target.

The so-called personal loan rate of housing provident fund is the ratio of the loan balance of individual housing provident fund to the deposit balance of provident fund. Chen Wenjing pointed out that the personal loan rate in Nanjing is over 100%, which indicates that the fund gap of the provident fund is more prominent. Withdrawing the provident fund as a down payment will further reduce the deposit balance of the provident fund, and the pressure of fund liquidity may increase.

However, Hainan recently mentioned the securitization of provident fund loan assets, or provided reference for some cities with high liquidity pressure of provident fund. According to the data of 2021 National Provident Fund Annual Report, by the end of 2021, the personal loan ratio of Hainan Provident Fund reached 91.14%, which was also at a high level. Chen Wenjing pointed out that asset securitization can improve the use efficiency of provident fund to a certain extent, expand the sources of provident fund funds, and alleviate the fund gap of provident fund loans. If it is actually implemented, it can also provide reference for other regions.

For other cities with relatively loose personal loan rates, Yang Kewei suggested that it is also possible to further "make policies according to the city" according to its own situation. For example, for cities with moderate liquidity whose personal loan ratio is less than 80% or 80% ~ 90%, you can choose to increase the amount of provident fund loans, reduce the down payment ratio, implement "accepting loans but not recognizing houses", allow loans from different places, and let go of "business to public"; For cities with tight liquidity, we can relax the loan policy of using provident fund for the first time or the first suite, temporarily not adjust more than two sets, or support young talents, families with many children and other groups to purchase houses with provident fund.

　　IndonesiaIt is a place where many religions coexist.Bali IslandResidents mainly believe inIndiaTeach, no matter what you areBali IslandYou can feel people’s devout religious beliefs and colorful artistic and cultural atmosphere here anywhere.

　　Today, let’s meet.Bali IslandA coming special festival in culture-Peace Day.

　　Nyepi Day of Silence isIndonesiaThe festival, which started on March 26th, 1936, marks the start of the new year, which is equivalent to the Spring Festival in China. It is held in March every year, and it is a day of silence, fasting and meditation.

　　This year’sBali IslandPeace Day is on March 28th.

　　The moral of Nyepi Festival is to eliminate all bad gods and start a new year. From sunrise, the whole island was almost silent for the next 24 hours. There were no planes taking off and landing, no vehicles running and no electricity available, which meant no fire, no light, no TV to watch and no music to listen to. All shops must be closed except hotels and hospitals. Everyone, including travelers, is not allowed to go to the street.

　　The original intention of the traditional Nyepi Festival is to fool evil spirits into thinking.Bali IslandHas been abandoned, so that they will leave. currentBali IslandThe government has given this festival a new meaning. They regard Nyepi Festival as an innovative model to adapt to climate change and call on the world to accept a global quiet day.

　　In fact, there are colorful festivals before and after Nyepi Festival, and there is a lot of excitement to see. On the eve of Nyepi Festival, large-scale celebrations will be seen everywhere on the island, and people will offer the most beautiful tributes to attract the devil. Their meeting point is the main intersection of each village, where priests hold exorcism ceremonies.

　　Then, the whole island suddenly entered a simulated "chaotic state". People banged kulkul, gongs and drums and cans, set off fireworks and shouted "megedi megedi!" (get out! ) to drive out the devil.

　　What followed was an active ogoh-ogoh (a huge paper monster doll with threatening gestures and horrible faces) street parade. His artistic creation is the result of many hands’ efforts for many weeks. In the end, everything will rise in flames, which will draw a spectacular end to the ceremony.

　　It is believed that the devil who survived this wild party will leave the island in the face of the boring silence the next day.

　　(Image courtesy of AYANA Resort and Spa and used with permission)

　　* On the eve of the Peace Day, visitors participated in the parade, and the atmosphere was harmonious and lively.　

　　(Image courtesy of photographer-Song Xingyu and used with permission)

　　*Bali IslandOgoh-Ogoh made by the people

　　These are huge

　　The grotesque paper statue is made of bamboo.

　　Made of waste paper and cloth.

　　Fill the sample with color after the paper statue is formed.

　　Form rich and intense Ogoh-Ogoh.

　　Making paper statues and celebrations areBali IslandTraditional activities of the new year

　　Similar to southerners visiting the flower street on the eve of the Spring Festival.

　　Northerners catch temple fairs during the Chinese New Year.

　　(Image courtesy of photographer-Song Xingyu and used with permission)

　　(Image courtesy of photographer-Song Xingyu and used with permission)

　　(Image courtesy of photographer-Song Xingyu and used with permission)

　　* Adult men carry paper statues of Ogoh-Ogoh gods for carnival and parade.

　　Adults and children also enjoy it in this vibrant festival.

　　* Foreign tourists and children participate in celebrations in AYANA Hotel.

　　(Image courtesy of AYANA Resort and Spa and used with permission)

　　* Women in traditional costumes on Peace Day.　

　　(Image courtesy of AYANA Resort and Spa and used with permission)

　　* Local children play with mini Ogoh-Ogoh.

　　(Image courtesy of photographer-Song Xingyu and used with permission)

　　Bali Island　Raya Sesetan in Banjar Kaja is the only surviving community that holds a "public kissing tug-of-war" on New Year’s Eve. This tug-of-war is called Med-medan, in which young boys and girls line up and pull each other until the other side kisses their cheeks as the winner. At the same time, the audience usually splash water on them to form a funny and lovely picture.

　　At sunset, islanders began to hold Ngrupuk ceremony, burning Ogoh-Ogoh, which meant taking away all the bad things and welcoming the new year. This wonderful, incredible and superstitious celebration just expresses the local people’s awe of religion, respect for tradition and positive yearning for life. .

　　This year’s Peace Day (Nyepi)

　　It was on March 28th.

　　It is also a day of silence, hollowness and meditation. All shops are closed except hotels, hospitals and police stations. After the dreamlike carnival, the surrounding environment will become pleasant, quiet and peaceful. The setting of this festival is actually to hope that the noisy heart will have a half-hour silence and tranquility, so that everyone can return to inner peace. On the day of tranquility,Bali IslandPeople will stop their activities, and there is no one on the street. Only security officer Pecalang patrols the street.