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　　All-Media Reporter Du Yang of Rule of Law Daily

　　In 2020, a residential property management company in Beijing sued Gu, the owner of the residential area, to the court, demanding that Gu pay more than 90,000 yuan of property service fees and late fees from 2016 to 2019. During the trial, Song Tong, Gu’s attorney and executive director of Beijing Songtong Law Firm, combined with the evidence, proposed that the property service actually provided by the property company to Gu was lower than the standard agreed in the contract, and advocated reducing the property service fee. In addition, because the property company did not provide services as agreed in the contract, Gu did not maliciously default on the property fee, so there is no need to pay the late payment fee. In the end, the court decided to reduce the cost of a property service of more than 10 thousand yuan, and there is no need to pay late fees.

　　At present, the masses have put forward higher demands and more expectations for property services, owners’ awareness of safeguarding rights according to law has been continuously enhanced, and disputes concerning the right to know and the price adjustment of property services have emerged constantly, showing a diversified and new trend.

　　"Lawyers’ participation in solving property service disputes can not only promote rational communication between the parties and the court, but also promote the functional integration of mediation and adjudication, realize the diversion of cases in litigation procedures, effectively save judicial resources, and effectively resolve property service disputes at the source." Liu Jingkun, a professor at China University of Political Science and Law, told the reporter of Rule of Law Daily.

　　With a clear legal basi

　　Are the problems such as the occupation of residential green space and the illegal construction by owners belonging to the category of property management? What is the boundary of management? Hong Bijing, a lawyer of Fujian Sanshan Law Firm, told the reporter that the above problems were controversial in the past, and now lawyers can directly solve the disputes according to the management obligations of property service enterprises stipulated in Article 942 of the Civil Code.

　　Bao Hua, a lawyer of Beijing Hairun Tianrui Law Firm, believes that there are many levels of legislation and a long time span in the field of property management. When lawyers intervene in related cases, they need to fully understand the legislative background and legislative purpose to carry out legal services.

　　In recent years, at the national and local levels, many "good laws" related to property management have been promulgated one after another, further clarifying the rights and obligations between owners and property service enterprises and optimizing the "weapons" for lawyers to maintain fairness and justice.

　　"For the first time, the Civil Code included the’ property service contract’ as a typical contract, and stipulated the conclusion, dissolution, termination and continued performance of the contract, which made up for some omissions in the past and played an important role in clarifying the boundaries of powers and responsibilities for all parties." Bao Hua said.

　　Hong Bijing told reporters that with the publication of normative legal documents such as "Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Property Service Disputes", lawyers have a clearer legal basis when they participate in mediation of property service disputes.

　　Effectively promote source dispute resolution

　　"I don’t live in this house, why should I pay the property fee?" In December 2021, Yang, from Nanyu Town, Minhou County, Fujian Province, was sued by the property management company of a residential area for failing to pay the property service fee owed from March to August 2018 for a long time, and the late payment fee was more than 2,000 yuan.

　　After Hong Bijing intervened in this case, on the one hand, he suggested that Yang pay the arrears of property fees, and on the other hand, considering the defects in the selection process of the property company, he coordinated the property company to reduce some fees. After many times of communication and coordination, the two sides reached an out-of-court settlement.

　　At present, more and more lawyers are involved in the diversified mediation of property service disputes as legal experts, legal consultants and mediators, and have won the trust and recognition of the masses with their unique professional advantages and high-quality legal services, becoming a member of the social mediation pattern and playing an important role.

　　"Before the property service dispute enters the court, the establishment of a professional mediation mechanism involving lawyers can help the parties to clarify their legal responsibilities, clarify their respective rights and obligations, and promote the proper settlement of disputes." Liu Jingkun believes that for the court, with the help of the litigation source governance mechanism in which lawyers intervene in advance, the background of the case and the actual demands of the parties can be more clearly understood, and then the dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation and adjudication can be more effectively integrated to ensure the legal and social effects of case handling.

　　"At present, all localities are using the power of lawyers to optimize the property service dispute resolution mechanism, and the role of lawyers involved in property service disputes and the ways to resolve disputes are gradually diversified." Bao Hua said that this requires lawyers not only to have a dual perspective of paying attention to the plaintiff and the defendant, but also to have the ability to clearly distinguish the boundaries of rights and responsibilities of owners, governments and managers, and to understand the practical operation in the field of property management, so as to propose a feasible mediation plan.

　　Song Tong said that while lawyers participate in resolving contradictions and disputes, they will also have more understanding and thinking about legal issues related to property service disputes, which is another virtuous circle.

　　"Lawyers are the’ regulators’ of property service disputes. Even if lawyers are involved, they may not be able to completely resolve contradictions and disputes, but in most cases, they can effectively avoid the escalation of contradictions and disputes." Hong Bijing added.

　　"Lawyers’ participation in the mediation and handling of property service disputes will help promote the establishment of a system of property management institutions." Liu Jingkun said that lawyers can give full play to their professional advantages, so that property management agencies can find the weak links in daily management in time, and then establish and improve relevant systems in a targeted manner to reduce the occurrence of property service disputes from the source.

　　Continuously improve the service level

　　"Thank you for your participation, so that the election norms of the industry committees can proceed smoothly."

　　In July 2021, the election of the owners’ committee was held in Shangjingyuan Community, Jiang Hao, Shanggan Town, Minhou County. Hong Bijing and his team of lawyers assisted as legal advisers of the town government, and they put forward perfect opinions and suggestions, which were well received by the owners.

　　In Hong Bijing’s view, lawyers can also optimize the source governance of property service disputes by helping the rule of law. "By participating in the election of the owners’ committee, providing corresponding legal advice and guidance, and promptly educating the owners about the rule of law related to property management, the fairness and justice of the election are ensured, and the rule of law literacy of the owners is also improved, so as to better prevent the occurrence of property service disputes from the source." Hong Bijing said.

　　"In the process of drafting property service contracts, formulating and implementing government policies, lawyers can play more roles and achieve better linkage with government departments and property companies." Song Tong told reporters that lawyers’ participation in the drafting of property service contracts and supervision of the performance of property service contracts will enable lawyers to have a more intuitive and comprehensive understanding when receiving feedback from the masses and achieve better solutions.

　　Bao Hua believes that the level of resolving property service disputes reflects the level of social governance to a certain extent, so lawyers should not only have legal knowledge and practical experience in property management, but also have knowledge and experience in community governance, so as to strengthen the social effect of mediating property service disputes.

　　"We should encourage and guide more lawyers to participate in the mediation of property service disputes." Liu Jingkun suggested that relevant departments should establish a special working mechanism. For common types of property service disputes, we can consider setting up a working procedure for lawyers to participate in mediation to improve the effectiveness of mediation.

Piano robot Special Olympics is playing and singing.

The painting of Microsoft robot "Xiao Bing"

"Xiao Bing" solo exhibition held in Central Academy of Fine Arts

Participants in the "to be no.1" game at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference.

The audience participated in the live interaction of Li Yuansu’s AI work "Nanjing West Road Style Migration"

　　Yangcheng Evening News reporter Jing He

　　"Humans can’t be controlled by artificial intelligence, because humans can’t create smarter creatures than humans." Ma Yun said.

　　"I disagree with you very much. We can create something smarter than human beings, but not necessarily people." Musk said.

　　On August 29th, at the opening ceremony of the 2019 World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai, Ma Yun and Tesla CEO elon musk had a tit-for-tat "quarrel".

　　Regardless of whether artificial intelligence is smarter than human beings, it is an undeniable fact that AI is infiltrating into every corner of human life, even including the field of artistic creation that was once regarded as exclusive to human beings. If the cooperation between artists and AI only creates a new means of expression, but AI itself learns to create art, which opens the door to a new world.

　　What does AI’s participation mean for creative and imaginative humanistic artistic creation? How should we define "art" today? Is it possible for everyone to become an artist in the future? Artists who are at the forefront of the trend have given us their own answers.

　　1 Smart conference live experience: somatosensory remote control and AR "crossing" are human-computer interaction.

　　Walk into the IBM exhibition area of the 2019 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and raise your hands above your head to make a gesture of love. With the countdown to 54321 over, you will successfully activate an astronaut named CIMON to "land on the moon". On the screen, the astronaut will follow some of your body movements to "swing" his body — — He is representing you "landing on the moon". You can also download photos of yourself "landing on the moon" and post them on social platforms. This CIMON is the first "AI astronaut" launched by IBM. It helped man land on the moon for the first time 40 years ago.

　　In the "to be no.1" exhibition area where Shangtang Technology cooperates with the Forbidden City, as long as you make a gesture, you can "cross" to take a photo with Confucius in ancient times, and you can also use face recognition technology to "transform" into a scholar who is in Beijing to take an exam and take an ancient imperial examination.

　　The artwork "Nanjing West Road Style Migration" created by young painter Li Yuansu using AI technology is also a popular interactive project in the exhibition hall. When the audience enters the exhibition area, the camera will capture the corresponding pictures, which are processed by human detection, background segmentation, human-computer interaction and other technologies, and then the computer will combine the study of the painter’s past works and make real-time creation. On the display screen, the audience can see their own figure and become a stylized image in real time. Although these works are only based on the creation of man-machine cooperation, it is undeniable that AI has penetrated into all aspects of human life.

　　2 Interaction triggers reverse trigger: artists begin to think about "how to express intelligent objects"

　　In fact, in the AI era, the integration of human artistic creativity and AI has become a "new trend", and there have been many interactions between them.

　　In 2017, Google launched Autodraw, a tool that can help people draw stick figures. With just a few strokes, the algorithm can identify what you want to draw and optimize it for you. In 2018, the digital creation studio OUCHHH launched an exhibition named "Poetic AI" at the Paris Art Center, France. By learning the articles of scientists who have changed human history, AI transcoded them into words and images, and then projected them into a space of 3,300 square meters through 136 projectors. The effects of light and motion are also automatically generated through preset algorithms, which can provide an immersive experience combining sound, light and shadow for the audience. Also in 2018, at Christie’s auction, the painting "The Portrait of Edmund Bellamy" created by AI was taken at a price of 432,500 US dollars (about 3.01 million yuan).

　　Interestingly, Li Yuansu pointed out a new phenomenon: artists used to like to express figures, flowers, birds and mountains. When AI appeared, some people began to think about "how to express intelligent objects". "In the past, artists may describe the sparkling water, but what excites contemporary artists may be the flashing LED lights and the computing interface of supercomputers." He believes that "these are the reverse triggers of artificial intelligence on artistic creation inspiration."

　　3 Constantly unlocking new skills: Microsoft Xiao Bing, who can write poetry and sing, also learned to draw.

　　In May 2014, Xiao Bing, an intelligent chat robot launched by Microsoft (Asia) Internet Engineering Institute, was born. This is a girl who pays attention to EQ and takes an emotional route. In the past five years, Microsoft Xiao Bing has been unlocking new skills. She published a collection of poems, learned to sing, can host programs, and learned to draw as an "supernumerary" graduate student of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. At the World Artificial Intelligence Conference, Xiao Bing’s paintings attracted many audiences with unique style.

　　The painter Xiao Bing’s debut time is not long, but he has become a minor celebrity. In May this year, Microsoft Xiao Bing, under the pseudonym of "Xia Yubing", exhibited her works for the first time at the 2019 Graduate Exhibition of Central Academy of Fine Arts, and became an "supernumerary" master graduate of Central America.

　　After graduation, Microsoft Xiao Bing is "non-stop". From June 15th to July 15th this year, the cross-border exhibition of contemporary art "Xiao Bing, Painting for a Period" was held in Liangzhu Culture and Art Center, Hangzhou, featuring paintings created exclusively by Xiao Bing and VR immersive works created interactively by new media artists Zhou Linwei and Xiao Bing. Later, Xiao Bing’s first solo exhibition "Possibility World" was held in the Art Museum of the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

　　Now just go to Xiao Bing’s homepage and enter a simple text on the page to activate her, and you can entrust Xiao Bing to make a painting for you. After extracting intention, stimulating creative inspiration, selecting content theme, trying to compose the picture, drafting line drawing modeling, painting the bottom color, deepening the picture level and polishing the details repeatedly, the painting created by Xiao Bing can be released in three minutes.

　　According to the Microsoft Xiao Bing team, Xiao Bing spent 22 months studying the paintings of 236 famous painters in the history of art. When inspired by texts or other creative sources, Xiao Bing can independently complete 100% original paintings. This originality is not only reflected in composition, but also in color, expressiveness and details. Li Di, the head of Xiao Bing’s team, stressed: "Xiao Bing’s painting ability is not based on filters and migration technology — — That is, search the picture of the corresponding theme from the landscape library, and then use the oil painting filter to process it. " He said that painting model is the third kind of AI model after text and pronunciation, and it is also the longest and hardest project.

　　Qiu Zhijie, Dean of Experimental Art College of Central Academy of Fine Arts, spoke highly of Xiao Bing’s works. "Xiao Bing’s works are diverse in style, skillful in technique, fast in painting and large in quantity, from which we can find many good paintings." Qiu Zhijie said, "We set several aesthetic rules for artificial intelligence, and it will use these rules to combine endless changes. If you set it to ‘ Do not repeat ’ The instructions, AI actually has a greater chance to get rid of the routine. "

　　Xiao Bing is developing towards the route of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, which makes her look more like a "person". In May 2017, Xiao Bing’s original poetry collection "Sunshine Lost Glass Window" was published, which is the first poetry collection created entirely by AI in human history. This year, Xiao Bing and the poet’s poetry collection "Flowers are Silence of Green Water" came out, which is also the result of writing poems jointly by man and machine. About 200 poems were finally selected from 6,000 submissions.

　　However, whether it is poetry or painting, Xiao Bing’s works still clearly bear traces of AI. For example, there is a lack of effective transition between poetic images, irrationality between logics, and inconspicuous poetry, etc. Although Xiao Bing’s team said that Xiao Bing’s paintings are close to human level, the audience can still see with the naked eye that Xiao Bing’s works have no three-dimensional sense of oil painting, appear more flat, and can’t see the lines of a painting.

　　4 human beings are hard to be replaced: AI singers who lack emotion are hard to impress people.

　　On the evening of August 29th, when the virtual singer Tianyi Luo’s singing sounded in the Shanghai Benz Cultural Center, the familiar Jasmine seems to be a little strange. As the most famous virtual singer in China, Tianyi Luo has held ten thousand people’s holographic concerts for three years in a row, creating a precedent of "domestic virtual singer AR live broadcast on a large variety show".

　　Then came the piano robot Special Olympics from Italy. I saw his 53 fingers dancing on the keys quickly and accurately, playing and singing Perfect by British singer ed sheeran, Special Olympics’ hard-core head and unique singing voice, leaving a different memory for the audience.

　　At the first audio-visual feast of AI and art in China, AI brought us into a brand-new art world. Man-machine interaction, motion capture, virtual reality, holographic images, three-dimensional images and other technical means are combined with music, dance, opera and other artistic forms to jointly create a mirror world of light and shadow, and a visual spectacle of illusion.

　　However, when you listen carefully, the songs of Tianyi Luo and Special Olympics are still a little less natural and agile. Although the ups and downs of the vocal range can be realized by AI, the free flow and emotional expression of human voices can never appear on AI robots.

　　Artificial intelligence has greatly broadened the boundaries of art and made machines more like people. But "0" and "1" can’t teach machines to have unique human emotions. Without the artistic expression of emotion, it is difficult to really hit the hearts of the audience, and of course, it also makes people realize the "irreplaceable" of human voice.

　　On the Zhihu, someone asked: "What is the significance of developing AI production art?" Xiao Yao, the author of the science fiction "AI Trek", replied: "Artists will not disappear. AI will only eliminate some guys who are not innovative, and those who are truly capable and talented will only get better and better. If the artist’s creative enthusiasm will be hit by AI, it only means that it is normal for these guys to be eliminated. It’s like the appearance of a car is bound to hit ‘ Camel Xiangzi ’ Children, and part of ‘ Camel Xiangzi ’ I learned a driver’s license and became a taxi driver. "

　　interlinkage

　　Dialogue with Li Yuansu — —

　　Art still needs to return to the level of humanity and flesh.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: When did you start using AI for artistic creation? Are you satisfied with the results of this creation?

　　Li Yuansu: This is the first time I have combined with AI to create. With the theme of artificial intelligence, each of the three works has a clear experimental purpose: the mural of "AI Hegemony" is a struggle between hand painting and digital printing on the old media of "mural"; The game "AI Hegemony" uses the same material as murals, and the form is the game interaction mode in the "pre-AI era"; "Nanjing West Road Style Migration" uses contemporary cutting-edge AI technology. In this work, AI learns the artistic style independently and makes his own real-time creation. The three works show the aesthetic characteristics of different media from manual to digital, from static to interactive. The final result is to meet the expectations.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: What new possibilities does AI offer for artistic creation?

　　Li Yuansu: If we sum up the traditional appreciation of art as a group of relationships between artists and audiences, then this group of relationships in the AI era will be expanded, and we will have various combinations such as "machine creation-audience watching", "artist creation-machine watching" and "machine creation-machine watching". Of course, it is not easy to discuss whether machines can produce emotions and how to define emotions, but it is my purpose to do these works to explore along these lines.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: What do you think of the future artistic creation trend?

　　Li Yuansu: Now it seems that the role of artificial intelligence technology in human art will not be subversive. The role of AI in human art is expansion. It brings unprecedented media relations, creative materials, inspiration and great help. It allows human beings to better understand themselves in the mirror of science and technology. However, for the "machine art", recent years may only be the time when it originated.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: When artistic installations can continuously create works without the participation of artists, how should we treat these works of art? Is the painting made by artificial intelligence a real work of art?

　　Li Yuansu: The relationship between art and audience is consensual, and art is a condensed form of emotional experience. So, as long as someone is willing to admit that it is a work of art, it is. This is in essence. However, whether it is recognized academically or accepted by the art market will definitely lead to different situations and twists and turns.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: Is the essence of science and technology art art or technology? Will future artists be replaced by creative artificial intelligence machines?

　　Li Yuansu: Science and technology art is still art. In fact, today’s art is also inseparable from "technology". For example, canvas is a textile technology, and pigments need mineral and chemical technology, including photography and video, which were once high-tech — — Humans will always take everything at hand to create art and "play" art.

　　Artistic creation will not be replaced by machines. For creators, the first thing in art is to serve themselves, and it is an act of expressing emotions and recording experiences. In the contemporary era when information technology subverts the way of life, we are still trapped in the warmth of manual work. At present, only by returning to the level of humanity and flesh can the new media art gain the recognition of more audiences, and the pure aesthetics of science and technology is cold to most people.

The unfinished building was once a special group with 82 scars in the city, and a case was vigorously rectified to help it regain its life.

A luxurious office building surrounded by 16 huge Roman columns among the overgrown weeds; The modern intelligent office building in a prime location has been established for more than 10 years, but it just stays on the drawings, and the site is still a muddy construction site …

Like many cities in China, many commercial development projects in Guangzhou came to a standstill in the 1990s due to the break of the capital chain and other reasons, and became "unfinished buildings" covered with moss, like a dazzling "scar" in the bustling downtown area.

Solving the problem of uncompleted residential flats and healing urban scars has become a key livelihood project that successive governments in Guangzhou have attached great importance to. City leaders personally took the lead and set up special work leading groups twice to vigorously promote the disposal of "uncompleted residential flats" and untie the deadlock one by one in batches on the basis of respecting history and complying with laws and regulations. At present, 90% of the 82 "uncompleted residential flats" in Guangzhou have been revitalized and become a beautiful landscape in the city.

Cause:

Capital chain fracture

It’s a rotten tail commonality

According to an urban construction person, at that time, a large number of overseas businessmen were optimistic about Guangzhou’s prospects and came to invest. Some local investors also aimed at development opportunities and bought land for real estate development. Guangzhou ushered in a real estate development boom. "Some developers have no financial strength and want to borrow project financing or even empty hands. The break of capital chain is a commonality of these properties."

The reporter learned that Conghua Hot Spring Villa was put on sale in the 1990s. In 1996, it was the first to "buy a villa and send it to a villa". At that time, the price of the villa was about 5,000 yuan/square meter. After the sale, it was not ideal, and the investor withdrew its capital and then it was unfinished. After the outbreak of the financial crisis in 1997, the developer’s capital chain was broken. After Zhongcheng Plaza, now known as Guangzhou Sinopec Building, completed 80% of the glass curtain wall on the external wall, the construction unit was in arrears with tens of millions of yuan, and the building stopped working. The building entered the "unfinished mode".

In the prosperous commercial area of Changgang Road in Haizhu District, the name of Darby International Business Center was "Hong Kong and Macao Jiangnan Center" before it was revitalized, which is also an unfinished building that has stood for many years. In 1993, the foundation was laid, and it was stopped when it was built on the 29th floor. Then it changed hands many times and changed its name many times. After it changed hands again in 2006, it ended badly because of problems in the capital chain.

Some people say that every unfinished building can be made into a movie: some investors have lost their lives for it. In 1995, a partner jumped down from the unfinished Jiangnan Center in Hong Kong and Macao and made a sensation. Zhongcheng Plaza, once known as "the first unfinished building in China", dismounted Huang Songyou, former vice president of the Supreme People’s Court, and Yang Xiancai, former director of the Executive Board of Guangdong Higher People’s Court. Hailian Building, which was unfinished shortly after the foundation of scenery, also sent Xu Yunian, former vice minister of Guangdong United Front Work Department, to prison. Every time I look at these unfinished buildings from afar, many people who have experienced them are crying.

Impact: Some relocated households did not move back until they died.

In 2003, Liu Liansheng, who just graduated from a university in Wuhan, was still very clear about the "wonders" of the city when he first came to Guangzhou. "As soon as I got out of Guangzhou Railway Station and turned to Huanshi Road, I saw a tall, magnificent and square building in a grassy field." "After working in Guangzhou for many years, I still see this mysterious house in its original place, surrounded by high walls, like a luxurious office building, and no one has entered."

These uncompleted residential flats once became "the scar of the city" and "the stain of the environment" in Guangzhou. The reporter inquired about the relevant information and learned that most of these unfinished buildings are concentrated in the central city, and they are located in downtown and prosperous places. Take Wanlinghui before the revitalization as an example, which is located in the core business district of Tianhe, next to Zhengjia Square, and can be described as a prime location; Zhongcheng Plaza, once known as "the largest uncompleted residential flats in China", is located at the junction of Tianhe North Road and Tiyu West Road. The surrounding CITIC Plaza, Mayor Building and Victoria Plaza are all important commercial places in Guangzhou, and the property prices are high.

"These unfinished buildings not only affect the surrounding environment and the image of the city, but also make valuable economic resources idle and wasted. More importantly, they lead to a large number of letters and visits, which can easily lead to social instability." An industry insider admits that the uncompleted real estate is most affected by the relocated households and buyers who used to live here, resulting in their long-term inability to move back and resettle. The short period is more than 10 years, and the long period is more than 20 years. "Some resettlement households have not even moved back to the new building until their death. Many unfinished buildings have pulled up banners with tens of meters of white cloth and black characters, which is heartbreaking."

Crack: as a key project, many departments work together.

In 2002, the Guangzhou Municipal Government put forward the goal of "eliminating uncompleted residential flats". In 2003, Guangzhou Municipal People’s Congress issued the resolution on the implementation plan of "Proposal on Improving Unfinished Buildings as soon as possible", which proposed that solving and preventing "Unfinished Buildings" would be an important task in urban planning, construction and management in the future. Chen Jianhua, the mayor, gave instructions on "uncompleted residential flats" twice. "The reasons for the formation of uncompleted residential flats are complicated. Please ask the Project Construction Committee to set up a task force to take the lead, analyze each project one by one, and speed up the progress of revitalization. Strive to clear the old accounts as soon as possible, and no new accounts will be owed. Standardize urban construction and project management. " "It is a major measure to take the hard bone of’ uncompleted residential flats’ to administer according to law and build a society ruled by law."

According to the person in charge of the Guangzhou Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Guangzhou has twice set up a special work leading group to deal with the "uncompleted residential flats" in Guangzhou. "Some unfinished buildings have convened more than 10 departments and held more than 10 coordination meetings. It is common to open from morning till night." A person in charge of urban construction who has participated in the revitalization project of uncompleted residential flats for many times told reporters that he has investigated almost every registered uncompleted residential flats in Guangzhou, decided on the revitalization plan, and is also responsible for follow-up implementation. "It is easy to build a new building, but it is difficult to revitalize an old building."

According to the person in charge of the Guangzhou Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the causes of the "uncompleted residential flats" are very complicated, including internal reasons, such as shutdown due to broken capital chain, unfinished residential flats due to enterprise bankruptcy, and external objective reasons, such as being sealed up by the court due to debt disputes and difficult to achieve economic balance due to planning adjustment. To untie the fast knot, we must clarify the causes of the rotten tail and put forward a targeted revitalization plan.

"Every unfinished building has commonalities and characteristics. It is necessary to jump out of the old thinking and not play cards according to the routine." The person in charge also introduced that Guangzhou’s experience in revitalizing unfinished buildings has attracted many cities such as Zhuhai to "learn from the experience". He concluded that it is not easy to revitalize these unfinished buildings in a short period of time. "It is necessary to deal with them in batches first, and it is necessary for multiple departments to work together.

The city once had

82 "uncompleted residential flats"

Revitalized 47 "uncompleted residential flats" projects

Zhengjia Oriental International, Lujingtai, Jinglong Pavilion, Fanying Pavilion, Qiaokang Building, etc.

Projects that are being revitalized

Ten projects have entered the construction or sales stage.

Hailian Building, Famous City Commercial Plaza, etc.

13 projects go through administrative approval procedures according to procedures.

Xinhao Building, Donghu Xuan, etc.

10 cases have entered the execution stage of judicial disposal.

Fudu Building has been auctioned off.

Fuxin Plaza is revitalized by new creditors.

……

Revitalize oneself through enterprise restructuring

Zhongshui Plaza was reorganized and revitalized by the parent company of the major shareholder, the Three Gorges Group. The Three Gorges Group agreed to start the procedure as soon as possible, but the progress was slow.

"This means that it is not easy for more than 90% of uncompleted residential flats in Guangzhou to be properly handled or revitalized." An urban construction person told reporters.

"The projects that have not been revitalized at present are real’ hard bones’, and there are many historical problems such as legal relations and disputes over creditor’s rights and debts, incomplete project procedures, lack of information and planning adjustments, and so on." The person in charge of the Guangzhou Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that the next step will be to coordinate the planning department to actively list the planning and approval problems of the projects concentrated in the planning and approval stage and propose solutions, and coordinate the courts at all levels to step up the judicial disposal of the projects so that the projects can enter the administrative approval and resume work as soon as possible.

Where did the uncompleted residential flats go?

9 years of unfinished business in Zhongcheng Square

Located at the junction of Tianhe North Road and Tiyu West Road, it was the Guangzhou Big Mac office building under construction. After the construction started in 1992, many Hong Kong and Macao investors snapped it up, and the price soared to more than HK$ 30,000 per square meter at that time. When the Asian financial crisis broke out in 1997, the developer’s capital chain was broken, and the project became "the first unfinished building in China". According to reports, the debt dispute of the building is complicated. In the past 15 years, more than 300 lawsuits have been fought. After several changes of hands, in mid-2006, Sinopec Group Corporation bought a tower in Zhongcheng Plaza for about 10 billion yuan, and officially renamed Zhongcheng Plaza as "Sinopec Building".

Heyin Square has been unfinished for 7 years.

In 1998, Heyin Plaza, located next to Huanshi East Road Garden Hotel, was officially started. It was named "Dapeng International Plaza" and was the "Chief Office Building of Huanshi Road Business Circle in Guangzhou", which attracted a lot of Hong Kong capital. When the financial turmoil struck, the developer Dapeng Real Estate abandoned Heyin Plaza and took over Zhengjia. In 2002, the project eventually became "the second unfinished building in Guangzhou".

Hong Kong Ruian Group once announced that it planned to acquire Heyin Plaza for 1.388 billion yuan. In January 2009, Ruian Group suddenly announced that it would abandon the acquisition, and the revitalization of Heyin Plaza was frustrated. At the end of 2009, Dapeng Real Estate raised enough funds to let Heyin Plaza resume work and officially revitalize it. It officially opened in early 2011 and changed its name to Zhengjia Oriental International Plaza, which is currently one of the subsidiaries of Guangzhou Zhengjia Group.

Fanying Pavilion has been unfinished for more than 7 years.

Fanying Pavilion is located at No.130, Binjiang West Road, Haizhu District. It was originally developed by Guangzhou Hengjing Real Estate Investment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Hengjing Company). In 2003, it stopped working. In 2010, due to debt disputes, some houses were auctioned by Guangzhou Haizhu District People’s Court, and Guangzhou Yicheng Jiangzhao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Jiangzhao Company) won the bid to rebuild Fanying Pavilion.

Since then, due to the non-cooperation of the executed person Hengjing Company, the buyer Jiangzhao Company was unable to go through the relevant procedures of reconstruction, such as engineering, water and electricity, fire inspection and acceptance, filing of completion inspection and filing, which affected the reconstruction, and 102 small owners who bought houses were unable to take over the building and apply for real estate licenses, causing small owners to be dissatisfied with petitions.

In 2010, the Guangzhou Municipal Construction Committee held two coordination meetings, and reached an agreement with the participating functional departments: from the overall situation of protecting the rights and interests of 102 small business owners who have purchased houses and maintaining social stability, all relevant functional departments should support the bidders to complete the procedures as soon as possible and then return to work. As Haizhu District Court has explicitly agreed to go through the formalities of applying for reconstruction in the name of Jiangzhao Company, Haizhu District People’s Court will issue a notice of assistance in execution to the relevant departments. On June 12, 2010, Guangzhou Municipal Construction Committee and Guangzhou Mediation Office jointly held another meeting on "Speeding up the related work of rebuilding the unfinished building of Fanyingge", and determined the co-organizer departments and handling methods for all aspects of the procedures for rebuilding and reporting, so that the problem could be finally solved. The building has been built and accepted, and the owner has moved in and handled the real estate license.

Xichang Electronic City has been unfinished for 9 years.

The Xichang Electronic City Project is located at No.81 Dongfeng West Road and Zhongxing Cross Section, and was developed by Guangzhou Lihong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. The project covers an area of about 3,200 square meters, with 13 floors and a total construction area of about 23,000 square meters.

In 1995, the construction unit began to apply for construction projects. The main structure construction was completed in 2000. In 2003, due to the financial problems of the construction unit, the work was stopped, and the main building structure and external wall were completed when the work was stopped, and the equipment installation and internal decoration were not completed. In 2011, Lihong Company began to straighten out the relationship and restart the project. In 2012, the architectural design of the project was reviewed from the perspective of respecting history, coordinated by the Guangzhou task force to deal with uncompleted residential flats. Subsequently, Guangzhou Planning Bureau and Liwan District Construction and Landscaping Bureau approved the architectural design and construction permit respectively. Now the construction unit has improved the declaration procedures, completed the construction and entered the pre-sale. (Reporter yangjin correspondent Yuan Guoke)

Knock on the door of the future with the question of youth; Respond to the world focus with the answer of youth. On October 25th, the online theme communication ceremony of "Chinese modernization, youth’s answer-I know you better than ever (the third season)" was held in Changzhou, Jiangsu. Yang Liqun, Vice Minister of Propaganda Department of jiangsu provincial party committee and Director of Network Information Office of Provincial Party Committee, Li Zhenqiang, Deputy Secretary and General Manager of Phoenix Publishing Media Group, Liu Wei, Deputy Director of Network Information Office of jiangsu provincial party committee, Chen Zhiliang, member of Standing Committee of Changzhou Municipal Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, heads of relevant departments such as Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and Changzhou City, heads of provincial key online media, central news websites and commercial platforms in the Soviet Union, Qingqing "Answers" and representatives of young volunteers of network civilization attended the launching ceremony.

Yang Liqun, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of jiangsu provincial party committee and director of the Network Information Office of the Provincial Party Committee, pointed out in his speech that planning to launch a series of short videos of "Chinese modernization, youth’s answers-I know you better than ever (the third season)" is a powerful measure to deeply study the cultural thoughts of the supreme leader, implement the spirit of the national conference on propaganda and ideological work and the national conference on online information work, and also a practical action to accelerate the construction of digital China and promote Chinese modernization with the power of online information and youth. Yang Liqun stressed that it is necessary to hold high the ideological banner and use the Party’s innovative theory Bacon to cast souls. In particular, it is necessary to teach the online "Great Ideological and Political Course" in the new era, empower young people with digital ideological and political guidance, and cultivate new people in the era who are responsible for national rejuvenation. It is necessary to increase the spread of positive energy, use high-quality content to cultivate the power of upward goodness, and win the communication advantage with the content advantage of "full screen is fine". We should be good at innovation, use emerging technologies to crack the traffic password of explosive products, and realize the "two-way trip" with netizens. It is necessary to focus on the all-media ecology, promote the surge of positive energy with integrated communication, continuously expand the new generation of network communication, and jointly tell the story of Chinese-style modernization of youth struggle.

Li Zhenqiang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and general manager of Phoenix Publishing Media Group, said in his speech that on the basis of the achievements and experience of the previous two seasons, the third season of "I know you better than ever" focused on high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, agricultural modernization, cultural self-confidence and high-level opening up, and went to 23 cities across the country to shoot and produce a series of 30 short videos, which fully demonstrated the vivid practice of promoting Chinese modernization under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era. Li Zhenqiang pointed out that Jiangsu Phoenix Publishing Media Group will thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, give full play to the comprehensive advantages of Phoenix Group in content production, integrated publishing and international communication in accordance with the deployment requirements of the Propaganda Department of jiangsu provincial party committee and the Network Information Office of the Provincial Party Committee, support Modern Express to accelerate the construction of a new pattern of all-media communication with more communication power, guidance, influence and credibility, and make new and greater contributions to serving local economic and social development and helping the new practice of Chinese modernization in Jiangsu.

Chen Zhiliang, member of the Standing Committee of Changzhou Municipal Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, said in his speech that at present, Changzhou is making every effort to sprint "a city with a trillion GDP", striving to build a city that young people are most eager for innovation and entrepreneurship, and launching a series of inclusive policies and practical projects to optimize youth development, so that young people and Changzhou can "go in two directions and build their ideals together". Chen Zhiliang said that "I know you better than ever (the third season)" was officially launched in Changzhou, allowing young people to stand in the "C position" of network communication, allowing more young people to come to the front desk, relay positive energy, and unite hundreds of millions of young people to unswervingly listen to the party and follow the party. Changzhou will take the event as an opportunity to gather the forces for good and upward, and join hands with the vast number of netizens to build a beautiful spiritual home online.

In order to thoroughly study, publicize and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and strengthen the ideological guidance for young people, from 2021 to 2023, under the guidance of the Network Communication Bureau of the Central Network Office, the network theme publicity of "I know you better than ever" was produced by the jiangsu provincial party committee Network Office of the Communist Party of China and produced by Modern Express+. The short video of the three seasons takes the form of "youth talking to youth", so that "young people can talk" and "talk to young people".

In the first two seasons, in the first season, 30 Qingqing narrators from 30 universities across the country participated, in the second season, 30 big coffees served as top flow recommendation officers, and 30 Qingqing study groups crossed 30 cities to explore the road of Chinese modernization. In the third season, Xiaoqing, the anchor of AI digital man developed by Modern Express+,invited 30 outstanding young people from all walks of life and fields across the country who were struggling in the front line of Chinese modernization as Qingqing "Answers", and went to 23 cities in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) all over the country. After nearly half a year, they carefully planned and filmed, witnessed the fiery practice of Chinese modernization and showed the surging power of contemporary youth to participate in Chinese modernization.

At the launching ceremony, as the representative of Qingqing’s "Answer" person, Long Jing, director of canoe Zhihang Operation Management Center, took the stage to speak, and reunited with AI digital person Xiaoqing to share their wonderful stories.

Mo Yi, the chief R&D engineer of Trina Solar Co., Ltd., who is one of the hosts of the live event, is a post-90 s returnee. She also participated in one episode as an "answer" person of Qingqing, and punched in a online celebrity parking lot in Changzhou Zhonglou District during the filming.

In the process of creating the three-season series of short videos of "I know you better than ever", nearly 200 outstanding young people from major universities and industries in China gathered. They answered the questions of youth with their youth and blood, shouldered the responsibility of youth, and built a youth community with positive energy. Together with the young people in Qian Qian who have devoted themselves to the fiery practice of Chinese modernization, they have jointly constructed a matrix of Chinese-style modernization youth spread through the Internet. Li Chenrui, a member of the Bell Tower, a young volunteer of network civilization in Changzhou, shared the fruitful results of Changzhou’s efforts to promote the construction of the network civilization demonstration belt of the Grand Canal, and called on the vast number of young people to do their best to contribute their youth to the dream of becoming a network power.

Yang Liqun, Vice Minister of Propaganda Department of jiangsu provincial party committee and Director of Network Information Office of Provincial Party Committee, Li Zhenqiang, Deputy Secretary and General Manager of Phoenix Publishing Media Group, Liu Wei, Deputy Director of Network Information Office of jiangsu provincial party committee, Chen Zhiliang, Standing Committee Member of Changzhou Municipal Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, Shen Dong, Secretary of Changzhou Zhonglou District Committee, and Jiang Yutao, Deputy Minister of Propaganda Department of Changzhou Municipal Committee and Director of Network Information Office, jointly launched "Chinese Modernization: I Know You Better than Ever (Season 3)", and a series of 30 short videos will be released one after another.

The launching ceremony was guided by the Network Communication Bureau of the Central Network Information Office, hosted by the jiangsu provincial party committee Network Information Office of the Communist Party of China, undertaken by Modern Express+,Changzhou Municipal Network Information Office, Changzhou Zhonglou District Committee and Changzhou Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League, and supported by the Propaganda Department of Changzhou Zhonglou District Committee, Zhonglou District Committee Network Information Office and the Communist Youth League Zhonglou District Committee.

In recent years, reports about "superbug" are common. It is no longer just the concern of medical workers, but has become a global problem.

"Superbacteria" actually does not refer to a specific bacteria, but generally refers to those bacteria that show resistance to at least three kinds of commonly used antibacterial drugs in clinic. Its academic name is "multi-drug-resistant bacteria".

In the face of "superbugs", only by understanding their characteristics and transmission mechanism can we better slow down their production and curb their spread.

"past lives" of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria

Penicillin was discovered by alexander fleming in 1928. This powerful "sharp weapon" for treating bacterial infections saved countless lives in World War II. However, with the widespread use of penicillin and other antibacterial drugs, the first superbug in history-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appeared, and then more and more superbugs appeared.

According to the report of China Bacterial Resistance Monitoring Network, the main clinical problem in China is Gram-negative bacilli which are resistant to carbapenems. The data in the first half of 2023 showed that the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems was as high as 79.5%. These shocking data highlighted the seriousness of bacterial resistance in China.

In 2022, the authoritative medical magazine The Lancet published a survey of 204 countries and regions around the world in 2019. The study showed that antimicrobial resistance directly led to more than 1 million deaths, which even exceeded the number of people killed by malaria or HIV infection; The number of indirect deaths is even more alarming: nearly 5 million people. In 2016, the global research report on drug-resistant bacteria infection commissioned by the British government showed that by 2050, nearly 10 million people will lose their lives every year due to antimicrobial resistance.

Dr Margaret Chan, former Director-General of the World Health Organization, once pointed out that with the increasing and spreading of multidrug-resistant bacteria, common infection may once again become a fatal threat. This is not an alarmist. When human beings encounter the dilemma of no medicine available, even trivial wounds or respiratory infections may easily take their lives, and human beings will undoubtedly return to the dark period before the discovery of penicillin.

Why do drugs "fail" to bacteria?

Drug resistance of bacteria refers to the tolerance of bacteria to antibacterial drugs, which can be divided into congenital drug resistance and acquired drug resistance. Congenital drug resistance refers to the innate tolerance of bacteria to certain antibacterial drugs, which can be passed down from generation to generation; Acquired drug resistance means that bacteria "acquire" drug resistance genes due to spontaneous gene mutation or from other drug-resistant bacteria. Drug-resistant bacteria usually refer to acquired drug-resistant bacteria.

Drug resistance of bacteria is actually the result of natural selection in the process of evolution. In the process of its growth and reproduction, the reasons for promoting drug resistance involve many aspects, such as gene mutation or variation of bacteria, improper use of drugs and decreased immunity of the body, which may be the potential reasons for drug resistance.

The abuse of antibacterial drugs is an important factor leading to bacterial drug resistance. "Abuse" is mainly manifested in two aspects: unreasonable use in the treatment of human diseases and excessive and improper use in animal husbandry. Due to the selection pressure of antimicrobial agents, those bacteria with drug resistance will be naturally selected and multiply, thus accelerating the reproduction and spread of drug-resistant bacteria.

Multi-drug-resistant bacteria are mainly transmitted through contact, such as blood, sputum, urine or secretions of patients carrying multi-drug-resistant bacteria; Or contact with equipment, fabrics and pools contaminated by multi-drug resistant bacteria; For respiratory tract infection or colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria can also be spread through droplets.

Antibacterials that have been "misunderstood"

The public’s understanding of antibacterial drugs is relatively limited, which leads to drug abuse becoming a common problem. There are 10 common misunderstandings in the use of antibacterial drugs, which need to be corrected as soon as possible:

1. Antibacterials are omnipotent anti-inflammatory drugs;

2. Do not distinguish the causes of colds, and use antibacterial drugs;

3. Antibacterials are the first choice for fever;

4. Diarrhea is inflammation, and it is best to use antibacterial drugs;

5. Broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs have stronger antibacterial ability, and the therapeutic effect is often better than narrow-spectrum antibacterial drugs for specific pathogens;

6. Newly listed and expensive antibacterial drugs are preferred;

7. The combination of multiple antimicrobial agents can effectively control infection;

8. It doesn’t matter if antibacterial drugs are frequently replaced;

9. Self-preventive use of antibacterial drugs during the high incidence of respiratory diseases in winter and spring.

10. The medication is not standardized, not enough, and the medication will be stopped if the symptoms improve slightly.

Abuse of antibacterial drugs will not only lead to bacterial resistance, but also lead to a series of serious adverse reactions, among which allergic reactions are particularly common, such as itchy skin, rash and other symptoms, and even life-threatening conditions such as anaphylactic shock may occur in severe cases; Some drugs may also cause nervous system symptoms, such as headache and dizziness. Some antibacterial drugs can also have toxic effects on hearing and kidneys; Abuse of antibacterial drugs will destroy the balance of flora in the body, which will cause a large number of inhibited bacteria to multiply and cause double infection.

Standardize drug use and prevent drug resistance

Remember 7 points.

1. Don’t buy drugs at will: Most antibacterial drugs belong to the category of prescription drugs. You must issue a doctor’s prescription when buying them, and you can’t buy them online or in a physical pharmacy at will.

2. Don’t choose your own medicine: When choosing which kind of antibacterial drugs to use, it should be judged by professional doctors according to the condition and clinical test results, not just by advertising or personal experience.

3. Do not use drugs at will: When using antibacterial drugs, we should follow the doctor’s advice to ensure that they are taken after professional diagnosis in the hospital, and do not blindly abuse drugs, especially for some daily ailments (such as colds), it is not appropriate to use antibacterial drugs easily.

4. Do not stop taking drugs without authorization: Once you use antibacterial drugs, you must follow the doctor’s instructions and take the drugs on time, according to the dosage and according to the course of treatment.

5. Pay attention to personal hygiene: frequent hand washing, more ventilation and avoiding close contact with patients are helpful to prevent infection.

6. Strengthen exercise: enhance physical fitness and immunity, and reduce the use of antibacterial drugs from the source.

7. Don’t throw drugs at will: expired drugs belong to harmful waste, so they should be thrown into the hazardous trash can to prevent criminals from recycling them. Garbage sorting, protect yourself and others.

The doctor concluded:

The increasingly serious problem of drug-resistant bacteria has become a major challenge in the field of global public health, which is attracting widespread attention from the medical community, government and society. In daily life, we should pay attention to developing healthy living habits, ensuring clean diet, actively exercising to enhance our immunity, and at the same time, we should follow scientific principles and standardize the use of antibacterial drugs. The whole society needs Qi Xin to work together to slow down the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and curb its spread.

Text | Shen Chunmei

Deputy Chief Technician, Department of Hospital Sense, Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University

Editor | Wang Jingming

Audit | Ye Haixia

Producer | Li Wenjing

Medical Support | Shanghai Medical Association Science Popularization Branch

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The following article comes from Guangzhou CDC I Health, and the author is Guangzhou CDC I Health.

Guangzhou CDC I Health.

Disease control and health

present

In winter, the temperature is changeable, hot and cold.

Respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza enter the high-risk season.

According to the press conference of the National Health and Wellness Committee, at present, with the continuous winter in various places, respiratory diseases have entered a period of high incidence. Monitoring shows that influenza is the main infectious disease of respiratory tract recently. In addition, there are rhinovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and so on.

Recent monitoring in Guangzhou shows that acute respiratory infectious diseases mainly caused by influenza and mycoplasma pneumoniae are active, and respiratory infections caused by rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and other common respiratory pathogens are intertwined. In particular, the level of influenza activity has increased significantly. At present, influenza A (H3N2 subtype) and influenza B (Victoria strain) are prevalent at the same time, and influenza is gradually entering the winter epidemic period.

How to judge which pathogen is infected?

Influenza, mycoplasma pneumoniae and respiratory syncytial virus infection

Symptoms such as cough and fever will appear.

How to distinguish?

↓↓↓

one

flu

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. Influenza patients and recessive infected people are the main sources of influenza infection, and the transmission route is mainly droplet transmission, but also through direct or indirect contact with mucous membranes such as mouth, nose and eyes.

The incubation period is 1-4 days, and the acute onset is mainly manifested as fever (high fever can occur in some cases, reaching 39-40℃), cough, sore throat, headache, myalgia and general malaise, and there may be symptoms such as chills, chills, aches and pains in muscles and joints all over the body, fatigue and loss of appetite. Some patients may be accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, which are more common in children.

Influenza patients generally have a good prognosis. After 3-4 days of onset, their body temperature gradually subsides and their systemic symptoms improve. However, children, the elderly, people with basic diseases, obese people and pregnant women are prone to develop into severe diseases after infection, so they should be treated promptly.

Vaccination with influenza vaccine can effectively reduce infection, even if it is infected, it can also reduce the incidence, and even if it is infected, it can also reduce the severity of the disease.

Details of Influenza Vaccination → Guangzhou CDC reminds you: Recently, influenza activity has increased, so hurry up with vaccination to protect your body ~ (Click to jump)

2

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the smallest known microorganism that can live independently between bacteria and viruses. It is mainly transmitted by droplets and direct contact, and the population is generally susceptible, especially in children and adolescents over 5 years old. Usually, when the seasons change, for example, when summer turns to autumn or autumn turns to winter, there may be local and short-lived clustering epidemics.

The incubation period is 2-3 weeks, and the main symptoms are similar to those of most respiratory diseases, with fever and cough as the main symptoms. Generally, the cough is severe, and it may last for 1-2 weeks after the fever has gone down. After children are infected with mycoplasma, most of them show upper respiratory tract infection, a small number of them are lower respiratory tract infection (possibly bronchitis or pneumonia), and a small number of them may develop into severe mycoplasma pneumonia.

Generally speaking, after mycoplasma infection, there will be no repeated infection in a short period of time (1-2 months). It should be noted that if the symptoms of infection recur, it is often that the last mycoplasma pneumoniae infection did not heal, and the local lesions were not completely removed and secondary infection occurred.

At present, there is no vaccine to prevent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If you have fever accompanied by severe cough, you should see a doctor in time, find out the cause as soon as possible, standardize the treatment, and avoid using drugs blindly.

three

Respiratory syncytial virus

Respiratory syncytial virus is a common and highly contagious RNA virus. Spread through droplets and close contact, or spread through contaminated hands and surfaces.

The incubation period is usually 2-8 days, and detoxification can last for 1-3 weeks. Patients often have upper respiratory symptoms after infection, and the typical symptoms of children infected with syncytial virus are fever, cough, stuffy nose and runny nose. The typical symptoms of adult infection are very similar to the common cold, such as low-grade fever, cough, stuffy nose and runny nose.

Most patients’ symptoms will disappear spontaneously within 1-2 weeks, and a small number can develop into lower respiratory tract infection (i.e. bronchiolitis or pneumonia), which is more common in young infants. Clinical symptoms include cough and wheezing.

At present, there are no syncytial virus vaccines and special therapeutic drugs on the market in China. Syncytial virus can be repeatedly infected and easily spread at home, and infection can be prevented by strengthening personal protection and other measures.

four

Rhinovirus

Rhinovirus is one of the main pathogens causing the common cold. Mainly through direct contact and droplet transmission; Infants, the elderly and immunocompromised people are susceptible to rhinovirus.

The incubation period is 2-5 days, and the clinical manifestations are mainly runny nose, sneezing, throat discomfort, nasal congestion, cough, mild sore throat, low or slightly elevated body temperature, often accompanied by sinusitis and otitis media. Although rhinovirus infection can gain immunity, it lasts for a short time, so people can be infected with rhinovirus repeatedly.

At present, there is no specific prevention and treatment method. The patient’s condition is generally self-limited, with mild symptoms and can be cured in a week or so.

five

adenovirus

Adenovirus is not a new virus, it is a common virus that causes respiratory infection in children, and it is the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children. It can spread through droplets, close contact and fecal-oral route, and can also spread through water. Babies over 6 months old, school-age children and immunocompromised people are the high-risk groups of adenovirus infection.

The course of disease is usually 5-7 days, but the symptoms may last for up to 2 weeks, which may be complicated with bacterial infection. Symptoms vary according to the affected parts, and may include: fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, earache, conjunctivitis (also known as "red eye"), diarrhea and hoarseness.

Adenovirus infection is mostly self-limited and supportive treatment is adopted. Antiviral therapy is usually only used for severe adenovirus disease, and most of these patients have impaired immune function.

At present, there is no adenovirus vaccine in China, and the prevention of adenovirus infection mainly focuses on hygiene, especially hand hygiene.

How to scientifically prevent respiratory diseases in daily life?

1. Wash your hands frequently. Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer and flowing water. Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or paper towel when sneezing or coughing to avoid polluting your hands and the surrounding environment.

2. More ventilation. Keep the indoor air circulating, and generally ventilate 2-3 times a day at home in winter for about 30 minutes each time.

3. gather less. During the epidemic of infectious diseases in winter and spring, try not to go to crowded places and avoid contact with patients with respiratory diseases. It is recommended to wear masks when you need to go.

4. Drink plenty of boiled water. Keep the nasal mucosa moist, effectively resist the invasion of viruses, and also facilitate the excretion of toxins in the body and purify the environment in the body.

5. Eat a balanced diet and exercise properly to enhance your physical fitness (outdoor activities should be reduced in foggy days).

6. Vaccinate. Vaccine is an effective means to prevent related infectious diseases. For infectious diseases such as influenza, chickenpox and mumps, susceptible people can be prevented by vaccination in advance.

7. Once infected with infectious diseases in winter and spring, patients should take hospitalization or rest at home according to their illness and doctor’s advice, and avoid participating in group activities and entering public places during this period. Resume daily activities such as going to school and going to work after it is not contagious.

Warm reminder:

In order to meet everyone’s medical needs

Original title: "Recently, acute respiratory infectious diseases mainly caused by influenza and mycoplasma pneumoniae are more active. How to prevent them? 》

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Beijing Municipal Bureau of Civil Affairs Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Finance on Perfecting Land Expropriation and Over-transfer Personnel

Opinions on medical treatment and management related issues

Jing Min Zheng Fa [2012] No.503

County Civil Affairs Bureau, Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Finance Bureau:

In order to further improve the medical treatment and management of land acquisition, rural resettlement and over-transfer personnel (hereinafter referred to as over-transfer personnel) in this Municipality, with the consent of the municipal government, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

　　1. All the former rural laborers who have been converted into resident households due to land acquisition for national construction, including the elderly who have no dependents and the sick and disabled who have lost their working ability within the legal working age, who are over the resettlement period (men over 60 years old, women over 50 years old and above), shall be treated with a card with reference to the Provisions of Beijing Municipality on Basic Medical Insurance (Order No.158 of Beijing Municipal People’s Government) and relevant policies and regulations. The medical treatment of the sick and disabled who have not reached the retirement age in the over-transfer personnel shall refer to the standards for retirees of urban workers’ basic medical insurance enterprises.

　　Two, to issue social security cards for over-transfer personnel, and to issue cards for the first time without personal expenses. In the future, the expenses related to the replacement of cards due to damage or loss shall be borne by the overstaffed personnel. The specific use management shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant policies and regulations of the human resources and social security department of this Municipality.

　　Three, by the social insurance agencies with reference to the basic medical insurance standards, establish a personal account for the ultra-transfer personnel, over 70 years old (inclusive) ultra-transfer personnel will be paid 107 yuan per person per month, and under 70 years old ultra-transfer personnel will be paid 97 yuan per person per month, which will be included in the personal account passbook of the ultra-transfer personnel on a monthly basis, and the original medical subsidy for the general ultra-transfer personnel will be cancelled.

　　Four, super transfer personnel to enjoy medical treatment with reference to the basic medical insurance for urban workers and other matters, in accordance with the "Beijing basic medical insurance regulations" (Beijing Municipal People’s Government DecreeNo. 158th) and related policies and regulations. Refer to the implementation period, regardless of the payment period.

　　Five, lonely old hospitalization, emergency observation, outpatient special disease Qifubiaozhun the following expenses, personal payment of medical expenses (excluding personal payment of the door, emergency Qifubiaozhun the following expenses and personal payment at their own expense), by the civil affairs department to give supplementary reimbursement, supplementary reimbursement of funds required by the original channel expenses.

　　Six, super transfer personnel in accordance with the principle of "nearest medical treatment", within the scope of designated medical institutions of basic medical insurance, choose four designated medical institutions for individual medical treatment, among which there must be a community health service center (station) or grass-roots designated medical institutions such as factories, mines, universities and other internal services. Class A hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and specialized hospitals in the designated medical institutions in the city are common designated medical institutions, and they can seek medical treatment without selection. The first consultation system of designated community health service institutions in general outpatient clinics shall be implemented for over-transfer personnel to seek medical treatment.

　　Seven, the medical management of the ultra-transfer personnel shall refer to the relevant provisions of the basic medical insurance for urban workers.

　　Over-transfer personnel must hold a social security card issued by the social insurance agency for medical treatment. The audit and settlement of medical expenses of over-transferred personnel shall be implemented with reference to the settlement method of basic medical insurance.

　　Eight, social insurance agencies to establish a special account for medical expenses of the overstaffed personnel, used to account for the basic medical personal account expenses and medical expenses of the overstaffed personnel, and the municipal, district and county civil affairs bureaus to which the overstaffed personnel belong as independent units, and make detailed accounting according to the municipal, district and county respectively.

　　Nine, the Civil Affairs Bureau in conjunction with the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau shall, before the end of November each year, determine the per capita expenditure budget standard for the medical treatment of the over-transferred personnel in the next year, calculate the number of over-transferred personnel based on the management of the municipal, district and county, and approve and determine the amount of funds payable by the municipal, district and county in the next year according to the principle of "more than enough to make up for less". Before December 15th of each year, the municipal, district and county shall pay the funds needed for the medical treatment of the overqualified personnel to the Municipal Finance Bureau according to the determined amount.

　　Ten, the Municipal Finance Bureau does not set up a separate special account for the management of medical treatment of the ultra-transfer personnel. In the existing social security account, the medical funds of the ultra-transfer personnel are accounted for separately, which is used to account for the medical treatment funds paid in by the municipal, district and county respectively and the medical treatment expenditure funds allocated to the municipal social insurance agency.

　　The social security account information of the Municipal Finance Bureau is as follows:

　　Account name: Beijing Municipal Bureau of Finance

　　Account number: 01090520500120111018246

　　Bank of deposit: Bank of Beijing Business Department.

　　Eleven, the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, and the Municipal Finance Bureau jointly pay attention to the operation of funds for medical treatment of over-transfer personnel during the year, predict in advance the temporary turnover difficulties of funds caused by special factors, and study and solve them in time through one-on-one discussion. The required funds will be borne by the municipal, district and county managers respectively.

　　Twelve, the newly received super-transfer personnel shall go through the registration and warehousing procedures at the social insurance agency in the district and county from the 5th to 25th of the month of receiving. From the second month after completing the registration, the overstaffed personnel shall refer to the Provisions of Beijing Municipality on Basic Medical Insurance (Order No.158 of Beijing Municipal People’s Government) and relevant policies and regulations, and enjoy medical treatment with the certificate of obtaining a new [replacement] social security card. Medical expenses incurred before holding a social security card for medical treatment can be settled by manual reimbursement at the street social security office of the contestant.

　　Thirteen, before going through the insurance formalities, other medical insurance personnel have been enjoyed. After going through the insurance formalities, the original medical insurance benefits will be stopped. With reference to the Beijing Basic Medical Insurance Regulations (Order No.158 of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government) and related policies, they will enjoy new medical benefits, and the threshold, reimbursement ratio and maximum payment limit need to be recalculated.

　　Fourteen, districts and counties to receive the funds needed for the medical treatment of over-transferred personnel should be paid to the Municipal Finance Bureau in accordance with the budget standard for the per capita expenditure of medical treatment of over-transferred personnel this year before the 10th day of the next month, according to the calculation of the number of new recipients, in accordance with the aforementioned prescribed procedures. The district/county civil affairs department shall, after determining the situation of new recipients in the current month, promptly consult the district/county financial department to turn over the funds needed for medical treatment. The district and county civil affairs departments shall also report to the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau for statistics and summary of the new personnel in the city in that month, and the Civil Affairs Bureau shall file with the Municipal Finance Bureau before the end of the month as the basis for checking the funds paid by the new personnel next month.

　　Fifteen, the financial department, the auditing department and the social insurance administrative department shall, in accordance with their respective duties, supervise the income and expenditure and management of the medical treatment funds for the over-transferred personnel.

　　Sixteen, the basic medical personal account standards, medical expenses Qifubiaozhun, reimbursement ratio and the maximum payment limit and other policy adjustments, the corresponding standards of overstaffed personnel shall be adjusted at the same time.

　　This opinion shall come into force as of January 1, 2013.

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Civil Affairs Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security

beijing finance bureau

December 10, 2012

　　[car home Information] As of 19:00 on December 26th, (|) has exceeded 10,000 in two hours. At present, the order of M9 is still rising, and the first batch of exhibition cars have arrived in 89 cities nationwide, with a total of 252 stores. At present, M9 can also enjoy the matching rights of 10,000 yuan. Yu Chengdong said that the M9 will be delivered on a large scale from February 26th next year. At present, more than 54,000 new M9 cars have been booked.

　　According to media reports, AITO’s sales target for the whole year of 2024 is 600,000 vehicles. Next year, AITO also plans to release and mass-produce M8 vehicles. Even from the beginning of next year, according to the sales of four vehicles, the average sales volume of each vehicle will reach tens of thousands. This goal can be said to be quite ambitious. In 2026, AITO will achieve the production and sales target of one million vehicles.

　　On the evening of December 26th, the price of the M9 was officially announced, with the price range of 469.8-569.8 million yuan. It was positioned as a large SUV, and two power models were launched: the extended range version (CLTC battery life is 225km) and the pure electric version (CLTC battery life is 630km). Wenjie M9 is built by Huawei’s smart car full-stack technology solution, and has many black technologies such as Turing intelligent chassis, HUAWEI ADS 2.0, super basalt body and HarmonyOS 4 intelligent cockpit.

　　The intelligent lighting system adopted by Wenjie M9 consists of adaptive matrix headlights, intelligent projection headlights, adaptive low beam headlights, skyline position lamp and intelligent interactive matrix headlights. Among them, smart projection headlights can form a 100+ inch giant screen projection to create a personal open-air cinema for users. Intelligent interactive matrix headlights have a variety of personality skins, with rich scene lights, and support functions such as holiday blessing, weather reminder, lane change lighting reminder and path reminder, narrow lane lighting reminder, tunnel lighting brightness enhancement, and safety guidance on both sides of the lane. After cooperating with Huawei’s intelligent driving, it can not only project multiple scenes, but also have many functions of safety reminder during driving.

　　The volume ratio of all-aluminum alloy in the M9 car body reaches 80%, the lightweight coefficient is as low as 2.02, and it has a large steering angle, which is large but not clumsy. The original owl enhanced steering technology does not occupy the back row space and achieves the minimum turning radius of 5.8 meters. With the addition of hidden door handles and low wind resistance wheels, the wind resistance coefficient of the whole vehicle reaches 0.264Cd. At the same time, all four doors are equipped with mechanical handles to improve the efficiency of getting out of trouble in distress. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the car body M9 are 5230/1999/1800mm and the wheelbase is 3110mm, which is closer to the ideal L9 and BMW X7, but still a little different from Mercedes-Benz GLS.

　　The M9 car is made of high-grade NAPPA leather, suede ceiling, the same color steering wheel, crystal star ring scatterer, wisdom knob and natural white bolt solid wood. There are almost no physical buttons reserved on the center console, and the popular triple screen layout is adopted, and the AR HUD function is integrated. Officially, the M9 is called "the car king of science and technology" and "the leading generation of science and technology", so it is very worthwhile to talk about the specific black technologies of the M9.

　　Wenjie M9 is equipped with the leading generation of Teana Space, and the HUAWEI SOUND SUPERIOR Excellence Series is on the train for the first time. It has the flagship hardware configuration, equipped with 25 units of professional-grade audio, and the power amplifier output reaches 2080W W. The high-fidelity sound quality is comparable to the top international recording studio. The ring scatterer tweeter integrates light and shadow aesthetics, acoustic technology and AI wisdom, which makes the audio-visual effect more shocking. At the same time, the flagship hardware is matched with Huawei’s leading technology and algorithm, which brings many unique functions in the industry, such as extrasensory spatial sound and smart dessert, so that the sound can be heard from now on.

　　HarmonyOS 4.0 intelligent cockpit adopted by M9 in the world, the main highlights are sound source localization in six-tone area, concurrent control in multi-person multi-screen multi-tone area, eye position tracking and eye state recognition in the cabin, multi-screen multi-channel bidirectional circulation and multi-screen cross-device projection. The device raised in the center above the triple screen is the AI intelligent body "star ring scatterer" of light and shadow acoustics, in which the HUAWEI SOUND sound system is integrated. The front row of Nakajima is also equipped with dual wireless charging panels, and the main driver’s side exterior rearview mirror integrates NFC contactless unlocking module.

　　Huawei’s head-up display system is the first time to get on the bus, with the highest 2K resolution, the highest brightness and the imaging area of 75 inches in the industry. The fusion display of AR real scene and ADS brings a more intuitive, safer and more immersive navigation experience, reversing images and parking to watch movies. Look up and show. In other words, the windshield of the M9 is a huge "screen".

　　The M9 is also equipped with the industry’s first car-gauge projection system in the car. Through the laser projector above the third row and the oversized projection curtain above the second row of seats, the cinema viewing experience can be realized. Through the brightest and widest color gamut car-class projector and the 32-inch lifting projection curtain, it supports one-button viewing mode, Huawei’s remote control, perfectly recreating the cinema viewing experience, Rhine eye protection comfort certification and Swiss SGS anti-dizzy certification gold standard, which will not cause motion sickness and eye injury for a long time.

　　Wenjie M9 adopts a brand-new integrated universal triple screen design, and the proper layout of 12.3-inch LCD instrument panel, 15.6-inch intelligent central control large screen and 16-inch passenger entertainment screen, together with the brand-new HarmonyOS 4 intelligent cockpit, can easily realize entertainment experiences such as seamless flow between multiple screens and watching the whole car at the same time through three-finger sliding. At the same time, there are HUAWEI MagLink excuses behind the first two rows of seats, which can expand the equipment in the back row through the magnetic bracket and realize multi-screen linkage interaction based on the HarmonyOS cockpit. The whole car is equipped with 10 screens to create a new benchmark for space intelligence.

　　In terms of seat layout, the official said that the M9 is equipped with a leading generation of ever-changing space, and the 3/4/5/6 seat mode can be changed at will. In other words, the six-seat layout of the boundary M9 has higher flexibility. The co-pilot is innovatively equipped with Shu Yun’s dual-seat, and uses Huawei’s original patented technology of seat separation, which can be folded and stretched, and the dual-seat mode can be changed with one button; The queen’s co-pilot is free to stretch, with 14-way electric adjustment, 8-point massage and seat memory, electric leg rest, foot rest, ventilation and heating. The second row adopts a brand-new zero-gravity seat. Based on the functions of heating, ventilation, massage and 14 electric adjustments, the industry pioneered the horizontal adaptive double armrest function to meet the needs of human body to relax. Unprecedented presidential space, redefining comfort standards.

　　In terms of power, the M9 will provide two sets of power systems, the extended range version and the pure electric version, and both adopt the layout of front and rear double motors. Among them, the maximum power of the front motor and the maximum power of the rear motor of the pure electric version is 160kW and 230kW, and it is equipped with a ternary lithium battery with a capacity of 97.682kWh provided by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and its pure electric cruising range is 630km under CLTC conditions.

　　The extended range version uses H15RT 1.5T engine, with a thermal efficiency of 41% and a maximum power of 112kW. It is matched with double motors, and the maximum power is 165kW and 200kW respectively. The battery is a ternary lithium battery from Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited. The 52-degree battery version CLTC has a comprehensive battery life of 1402km and a pure battery life of 275km；. The 42-degree battery version CLTC has a comprehensive battery life of 1362km and a pure battery life of 225km. (Note, the two extended range models listed this time are 42-degree battery versions, and CLTC has a pure battery life of 225km. The 52-degree battery version is optional, and the optional price is 20,000 yuan)

　　Wenjie M9 adopts Huawei Turing intelligent chassis architecture, adopts high-performance all-aluminum alloy chassis and integrated aluminum alloy die-casting frame, with the front four-ball long double wishbone and rear multi-link independent suspension. The whole system comes standard with intelligent closed air suspension and CDC variable damping shock absorber. The height of the fifth-gear body is adjustable, and the adjustment speed is increased by 30%, so as to ensure the stability of the body at all times, giving consideration to comfort and handling. Turing chassis also controls the journey with wisdom through HUAWEI ADS intelligent road perception, iVSE intelligent vehicle state perception, new HUAWEI DATS dynamic adaptive torque system and HUAWEI xMotion intelligent body collaborative control system, with four technologies of all-dimensional perception and 3D control intelligent collaboration. When cornering, accelerating and braking quickly, the suspension controller will predict the driver’s intention, increase the damping to harden the chassis, restrain the body roll and pitch, and maintain the handling stability. In addition, the dynamic torque adaptive system will also improve the road slip, adjust the torque adaptively and improve the dynamic safety.

　　The M9 goes further in active safety, and the whole vehicle is equipped with 27 sensors, among which the newly designed 192-line laser radar has stronger accurate detection and quick response capability. The longest detectable distance is 250 meters, the spot frequency reaches the highest point/second in the industry, and the scanning frequency reaches 20Hz, which is far higher than the industry average. With the leading GOD general obstacle detection network and RCR road topology inference network, a high-order intelligent driving experience can be realized by the end of 2023. HUAWEI ADS 2.0 has achieved the strongest AEB in history. Facing stationary vehicles and pedestrians, the automatic braking speed can reach up to 120 km/h.. The ESA emergency steering assist (Q2 OTA upgrade in 2024) was launched, and the steering assist driver was automatically controlled to avoid collision. If the backward active safety capability is enhanced, the accelerator will be braked by mistake (Q1 OTA upgrade in 2024). (source: late Auto；; Compile/car home Qin Chao)

CCTV News:On September 7th, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Ten Years in China", introducing the development achievements of health care since the 18th CPC National Congress and answering questions from reporters.

Li Bin, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Committee, said that the health and wellness system has carried out the health poverty alleviation project in depth, fully guaranteed the basic medical care for the rural poor, and helped nearly 10 million families who returned to poverty due to illness to successfully get rid of poverty, making an important contribution to winning the battle against poverty.

The first is to completely eliminate the "blank spots" of rural medical and health institutions and personnel. Clarify the target standard of ensuring basic medical care, and solve the problem of lack of institutions and doctors at the grassroots level in some areas through the methods of "county governing rural use", "township hiring village use" and patrolling and stationing, and basically realize the rural people’s fair access to basic medical and health services.

Second, the service capacity of county hospitals in poverty-stricken areas has been improved by leaps and bounds. Taking strengthening the capacity building of county hospitals as the main direction, 1,007 urban tertiary hospitals will be organized to help 1,172 county-level hospitals in 832 poverty-stricken counties, so that there will be at least one public hospital in each poverty-stricken county and at least one secondary and above hospital in 98% poverty-stricken counties. The gap between urban and rural medical service capacity is narrowing.

The third is due to the precise policy of people due to illness. Organize and mobilize more than 800,000 grassroots medical staff across the country, comprehensively find out the illness situation of poor people, establish a national dynamic management system for health and poverty alleviation, implement classified treatment for poor patients, and promote the implementation of measures from person to person and accurate to disease. By the end of 2020, more than 20 million people had been treated.

Fourth, the prevention and control of key diseases in key areas has achieved historic results. Adhere to prevention first, carry out key actions to prevent and control major infectious diseases and endemic diseases, and effectively control major diseases such as AIDS, echinococcosis and endemic diseases that have long affected people’s health.

Chapter I General Principles

　　the first　In order to prevent and handle medical disputes, protect the legitimate rights and interests of both doctors and patients, and maintain medical order, these measures are formulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations such as the Tort Liability Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the People’s Mediation Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and the Regulations on Handling Medical Accidents, combined with the actual situation of this province.

　　the second　These Measures shall apply to the prevention and treatment of medical disputes within the administrative area of this province.

　　The term "medical disputes" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the disputes caused by medical institutions and their medical staff’s medical, preventive and health care practices in the medical process.

　　Article　The prevention and treatment of medical disputes should adhere to the principles of prevention first, fairness and reasonableness, timely convenience and legal treatment.

　　Article 4　The people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen their leadership in the prevention and handling of medical disputes, urge relevant departments to perform their duties according to law, and coordinate and solve major problems in the prevention and handling of medical disputes.

　　The township people’s governments and sub-district offices where medical institutions are located and patients live shall cooperate with the people’s governments at or above the county level and relevant departments to handle medical disputes well.

　　Article 5　The health administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall standardize the practice access of medical institutions, strengthen the supervision and management of medical institutions and their medical personnel, urge medical institutions to improve the quality of medical services, ensure medical safety, and do a good job in the prevention and handling of medical disputes.

　　The judicial administrative departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall perform their duties, strengthen the guidance on the people’s mediation of medical disputes, and promote the standardization of the people’s mediation of medical disputes.

　　The public security organs of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall maintain the public order of medical institutions, strengthen supervision and guidance on the internal public security work of medical institutions, and crack down on illegal and criminal acts that infringe on the personal safety of medical personnel and patients and disrupt the order of medical institutions according to law.

　　The competent price departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the supervision and management of the price of medical services and standardize the price behavior of medical services.

　　Insurance supervision and management institutions shall strengthen the supervision and management of relevant insurance work.

　　The human resources and social security, finance and civil affairs departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall, within the scope of their respective duties, do a good job in the prevention and handling of medical disputes.

　　Article 6　The news media should abide by relevant laws, regulations, rules and professional ethics, fulfill their social responsibilities, and report medical disputes objectively and fairly.

　　Article 7　After the occurrence of medical disputes, both parties can choose the following ways to solve them:

　　(a) to resolve it through consultation, except as stipulated in the third paragraph of article twenty-ninth;

　　(2) Apply for mediation to the People’s Mediation Committee for Medical Disputes or the People’s Mediation Committee for Medical Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the Medical Mediation Committee);

　　(three) to apply to the administrative department of health for administrative treatment;

　　(four) to bring a lawsuit to the people’s court;

　　(five) other ways as prescribed by laws, regulations and rules.

　　Conditional prefecture-level listing can try out medical dispute arbitration.

　　Article 8　The Medical Commission is a professional people’s mediation organization established according to law.

　　The judicial administrative department of the people’s government at the prefecture level or above the city level shall guide the local establishment of a medical mediation committee, and the judicial administrative department of the people’s government at the county level shall guide the local establishment of a medical mediation committee according to actual needs, and be responsible for the people’s mediation of medical disputes within their respective administrative areas.

　　The judicial administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall make statistics on the establishment of the medical adjustment committee within its administrative area, and timely announce the name, person in charge, address and telephone number of the medical adjustment committee to the society.

　　The people’s governments at or above the county level shall provide necessary support and guarantee for the funds, personnel and office space required for the people’s mediation of medical disputes.

　　Judicial administrative departments and health administrative departments at all levels should strengthen communication and cooperation and strengthen guidance on people’s mediation of medical disputes.

　　Conditional city, county, district people’s governments can take the form of government purchasing services for the establishment of medical adjustment committees and the people’s mediation of medical disputes.

　　Article 9　Encourage and support medical institutions to participate in medical liability insurance, and encourage patients to participate in medical accident insurance.

　　The administrative department of health shall guide medical institutions to participate in medical liability insurance.

　　Article 10　Encourage domestic and foreign citizens, legal persons and other organizations to donate property or set up medical risk funds according to law, and fund medical institutions in this province to carry out medical assistance and medical mediation committees to carry out medical dispute mediation.

　　Medical institutions or medical commissions that accept donations shall announce to the public once every six months the specific situation of accepting social donations and subsidies and accept social supervision.

　　

Chapter II Prevention of Medical Disputes

　　Article 11　The administrative department of health shall strengthen the supervision of medical institutions and medical staff’s practice access and practice behavior, promptly investigate and deal with illegal acts of medical institutions, take effective measures to improve the medical level and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of both doctors and patients.

　　Article 12　The health administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall exercise the following supervision and management duties:

　　(a) to be responsible for the examination and approval of the establishment, practice registration and verification of medical institutions;

　　(two) to inspect and guide the practice activities of medical institutions;

　　(three) responsible for organizing the evaluation of medical institutions;

　　(4) urging medical institutions to establish and improve relevant systems;

　　(five) to give administrative punishment for acts in violation of these measures.

　　Article 13　The practice of medical institutions shall abide by the relevant laws, regulations, rules and medical technical specifications, and carry out medical activities in accordance with the approved and registered medical subjects.

　　Medical institutions should strengthen the medical and health management laws, regulations, rules, norms of diagnosis and treatment, routine training and professional ethics education of medical services.

　　Medical institutions shall disclose medical service information in accordance with regulations, and publicize medical and health laws, regulations and rules to patients and their close relatives and the public through various channels.

　　Article 14　Medical institutions should establish and improve the medical quality monitoring and evaluation system, medical safety responsibility system, medical dispute handling system and internal accountability system.

　　Article 15　Medical institutions and their medical staff should explain and communicate with patients and their close relatives in medical activities.

　　Medical institutions should establish and improve the communication mechanism between doctors and patients, set up a unified complaint window and reception place, announce the complaint telephone number, announce the ways and procedures for solving medical disputes and the responsibilities, addresses and contact information of relevant institutions such as the Medical Adjustment Committee in a prominent position, and promptly answer and deal with relevant issues.

　　The administrative department of health shall, within 10 days from the date of receiving the complaint, make a written decision on whether to accept it or not and inform the complainant. If it decides to accept the case, it shall promptly organize an investigation and inform the complainant of the result; If it is not accepted, it shall notify the complainant in writing and explain the reasons.

　　Article 16　Medical personnel shall perform the following obligations to prevent the occurrence of medical disputes:

　　(a) abide by the health laws, regulations, rules and norms of diagnosis and treatment, and constantly improve the professional and technical level.

　　(two) abide by professional ethics, care, love and respect patients, and protect the privacy of patients.

　　(three) under the premise of avoiding adverse consequences to patients, it shall truthfully inform patients of their condition, medical measures, medical risks and medical expenses, and answer their consultations in time; If telling the patient truthfully may have adverse consequences, it shall inform his close relatives in time.

　　(four) the need for surgery, special examination, special treatment, experimental clinical treatment, it should be timely to explain the medical risks, alternative medical programs, etc., and obtain the patient’s written consent; If it is impossible or inappropriate to explain it to the patient, it shall explain it to the patient’s close relatives and obtain their written consent; If it is impossible to obtain the written consent of the patient or his close relatives due to emergency situations such as saving dying patients, the corresponding medical measures can be implemented immediately with the approval of the person in charge of the medical institution or the authorized person in charge.

　　Article 17　Medical institutions shall, in accordance with the requirements of the administrative department of health of the State Council, write and properly keep medical records.

　　Due to the rescue of critically ill patients, medical records cannot be written in time, and the relevant medical personnel shall make up the facts within 6 hours after the rescue, and make a note.

　　Medical records shall not be lost, concealed, forged or destroyed.

　　Article 18　Patients and their close relatives or their clients have the right to copy or duplicate outpatient (emergency) medical records, admission records, temperature sheets, doctor’s orders, laboratory sheets (inspection reports), medical imaging examination materials, special inspection consent, operation consent, operation and anesthesia records, pathological data, nursing records and other medical records as stipulated by the health administrative department of the State Council. The patient and his close relatives or his client shall be present when copying or reproducing.

　　When a medical dispute occurs, the discussion records of death cases, difficult cases, superior doctors’ rounds, consultation opinions and course records shall be sealed and unsealed in the presence of both doctors and patients. Sealed medical records can be copies and kept by medical institutions. Medical institutions can unseal the sealed medical records 6 months after the dispute is settled.

　　If patients and their close relatives or their clients copy or duplicate medical records, medical institutions shall provide copying or duplicating services, and affix proof marks on the copied or duplicated medical records.

　　At the request of patients, their close relatives or clients, medical institutions can copy or duplicate medical records for them, and can charge a fee for the work.

　　Article 19　If both parties fail to determine the cause of death or disagree with it, an autopsy shall be conducted within 48 hours after the death of the patient; If the conditions for cryopreservation of corpses are met, it can be extended to 7 days. Autopsy shall be agreed and signed by the close relatives of the deceased. If the deceased refuses to sign without justifiable reasons, the medical institution may invite the third-party personnel such as the medical adjustment committee, neighborhood committee or village committee, public security organ and health administrative department to sign and witness.

　　If the autopsy is refused or delayed for more than the specified time, which affects the determination of the cause of death, the party who refuses or delays shall bear the responsibility.

　　Both doctors and patients may invite forensic pathologists to participate in the autopsy, or they may appoint representatives to observe the autopsy process.

　　Article 20　If a patient dies in a medical institution, the body shall be moved to the mortuary within 2 hours and stored for no more than 24 hours. If there is no mortuary in the medical institution, the body shall be transferred to the funeral home within 2 hours.

　　If a patient dies in a medical institution, the medical institution shall notify the funeral home, and the funeral home shall promptly go to the medical institution to receive and transport the body in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　In violation of the provisions of the first paragraph of this article, the body that has not been disposed of within the time limit shall be disposed of by the medical institution in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of this article after being approved by the health administrative department where the medical institution is located and reported to the public security department at the same level for the record.

　　Bodies should be disposed of in accordance with national and provincial regulations. Involving medical disputes, the cost of keeping the body in the funeral home shall be borne by both doctors and patients according to the proportion of responsibility.

　　Article 21　Patients and their close relatives shall abide by the following provisions:

　　(a) respect for medical personnel;

　　(two) truthfully inform the medical staff about the illness and medical history related to the diagnosis and treatment activities, and cooperate with the medical staff to carry out the necessary examination, treatment and nursing;

　　(3) Paying medical expenses on time;

　　(four) to cooperate with the medical institutions according to the requirements of their referral or discharge arrangements;

　　(five) shall not be forced to ask medical institutions to make medical behavior beyond their treatment ability and scope of practice.

　　Article 22　Patients and their close relatives and other related parties shall not have the following acts:

　　(a) violence or threat of violence, blackmail medical institutions, or stir up trouble in medical institutions;

　　(2) Stealing, robbing, intentionally damaging or concealing public or private property, medical records, files and other important materials of medical institutions;

　　(3) Gathering people to make trouble, enclosing medical institutions, occupying or attacking offices and clinics of medical institutions;

　　(4) Burning paper money, setting up mourning halls, placing wreaths, stopping dead in violation of regulations, pulling banners, posting slogans or posters, distributing leaflets, making noise, spilling filth, etc. in medical institutions;

　　(five) robbing the body or refusing to transfer the body to the mortuary or funeral parlour;

　　(6) Insulting, threatening, intimidating, abusing and beating medical personnel, intentionally hurting medical personnel, and illegally restricting the personal freedom of medical institution staff and medical personnel;

　　(seven) illegally carrying inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and control devices into medical institutions;

　　(eight) other acts that disrupt the normal order of medical institutions and threaten the personal safety of medical personnel.

　　Article 23　A medical institution shall formulate an emergency response plan for medical disputes and report it to the health administrative department where it is registered and the local public security organ for the record.

　　

Chapter III Handling of Medical Disputes

　　

Section 1 General Provisions

　　Article 24　After the occurrence of medical disputes, health administrative departments at all levels and medical institutions shall report in a timely manner in accordance with the major medical dispute reporting system formulated by the health administrative department of the State Council, and shall not conceal, delay or make false reports.

　　Article 25　After the occurrence of medical disputes, medical institutions shall take the following measures to deal with them according to the actual situation of medical disputes:

　　(1) Informing patients or their close relatives of the methods and procedures for handling medical disputes; If the patient or his close relatives ask for a solution through consultation, they shall be informed to nominate no more than 5 representatives to participate in the consultation, and one main representative shall be determined.

　　(two) at the request of the patient, in the presence of both doctors and patients, in accordance with the provisions of Article 18 of these measures, seal and unseal the relevant medical records.

　　(3) If a patient dies in a medical institution, the corpse shall be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of Article 20 of these Measures.

　　(four) when necessary, organize expert discussion, and feedback the discussion opinions to patients or their close relatives.

　　(five) to cooperate with the administrative department of health, public security organs, medical commission and other departments and institutions to do a good job in the investigation.

　　(six) after the medical dispute is settled, the medical institution shall submit a written reply to the patient or his close relatives.

　　If it is necessary to start an emergency plan to deal with medical disputes, corresponding measures should be taken in accordance with the provisions of the plan to prevent the situation from expanding.

　　Article 26　After receiving the report of medical disputes, the administrative department of health shall order medical institutions to take effective measures immediately, and send people to the scene to guide and coordinate the handling work when necessary, so as to guide both doctors and patients to properly resolve medical disputes according to law.

　　Article 27　Medical institutions shall report to the local public security organ immediately if they find that patients or their close relatives and other related parties have the circumstances stipulated in Article 22 of these Measures and are ineffective after persuasion.

　　After receiving the alarm, the public security organ shall deal with it in accordance with the relevant provisions:

　　(a) immediately organize the police to rush to the scene, carry out education and guidance, identify themselves, and stop excessive behavior;

　　(two) in a timely manner to disrupt the normal medical order and other medical disputes in violation of social security management personnel away from the scene investigation, to maintain medical order;

　　(three) to deal with the illegal and criminal acts on the spot according to law;

　　(4) If a patient dies in a medical institution and his family members hinder the removal of the body to the mortuary or funeral home, the on-site police shall cooperate with the health, civil affairs and other departments and the funeral home to do a good job in the disposal of the body.

　　Article 28　After receiving the notice from the medical institution, the funeral home shall quickly arrange vehicles and personnel to arrive at the scene, go through the formalities of receiving the body in accordance with the regulations, and transfer the body to the funeral home. The competent civil administrative department shall urge it to perform its duties, and the health administrative department, public security organs and medical institutions shall cooperate with it to do relevant work.

　　

Section II Settlement Mechanism

　　Article 29　After a medical dispute occurs, both parties can resolve it through consultation. Both doctors and patients should listen carefully to each other’s opinions, verify relevant information and materials, seek truth from facts and resolve them through consultation.

　　If a medical institution needs compensation or compensation, both parties can reach a written agreement.

　　If the amount of compensation for medical disputes is more than 10,000 yuan, public medical institutions shall adopt the ways specified in the second to fifth and second paragraphs of the first paragraph of Article 7 of these Measures, and shall not negotiate with patients or their close relatives themselves.

　　Article 30　After the occurrence of a medical dispute, both the doctor and the patient may apply for mediation by the Medical Commission in accordance with the principle of proximity; The medical commission in the place where medical disputes occur can also take the initiative to mediate. If one of the doctors and patients explicitly refuses to mediate, mediation shall not be allowed.

　　The medical commission shall not charge any fees for mediating medical disputes.

　　Article 31　The Medical Commission should adhere to the principle of voluntariness and equality between doctors and patients in mediating medical disputes, and do not violate laws, regulations, rules and national policies; Respect the rights of both doctors and patients, and shall not prevent both doctors and patients from safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests through administrative, judicial and arbitration channels according to law because of mediation.

　　Article 32　The people’s mediators of the Medical Commission should be fair, have good conduct, have medical and legal professional knowledge and mediation work experience, and be enthusiastic about people’s mediation work.

　　People’s mediators have the obligation to keep confidential the privacy of patients and medical personnel or the business secrets of medical institutions learned during mediation.

　　The judicial administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall regularly conduct professional training for people’s mediators. Training shall not charge any fees.

　　Article 33　The Medical Commission shall establish an expert database composed of relevant medical, pharmaceutical, psychological, insurance and legal experts to provide technical advice for the investigation, evaluation and mediation of medical disputes.

　　Article 34　The application for mediation of medical disputes put forward by the parties shall be reviewed by the Medical Commission within 3 working days. Decided to accept, timely reply to the parties; If it is not accepted, it shall notify the parties in writing and explain the reasons.

　　After accepting the application for mediation, the Medical Commission shall inform both doctors and patients of their rights and obligations in mediation.

　　Article 35　An application for mediation of medical disputes under any of the following circumstances shall not be accepted by the Medical Commission; If it has been accepted, the mediation shall be terminated:

　　(1) A party brings a lawsuit to a people’s court;

　　(two) an application for administrative treatment put forward by one party has been accepted by the administrative department of health;

　　(three) a party refuses to mediate by the Medical Commission;

　　(four) the provisions of laws and regulations can only be handled by specialized agencies, or laws and regulations prohibit the use of people’s mediation.

　　If the mediation is terminated, it shall notify the parties in writing and explain the reasons.

　　Article 36　After accepting the application for mediation of medical disputes, the Medical Commission may appoint one or more people’s mediators for mediation, or the parties may choose one or more people’s mediators for mediation. When necessary, with the consent of the parties, deputies to the National People’s Congress, members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference or personnel from relevant social organizations may be invited to participate in mediation. If a party puts forward a reasonable withdrawal request to the people’s mediator, it shall be replaced after examination by the medical adjustment Committee.

　　If the Medical Commission or its guidance and management organ and its responsible person think that there are circumstances that should be avoided, they can directly make a decision to avoid; If the people’s mediators think that there are circumstances that should be avoided, they should withdraw from the medical adjustment Committee.

　　Article 37　After the Medical Commission accepts the application for mediation of medical disputes, the people’s mediators shall know the relevant facts and circumstances from both parties and relevant experts; When investigating and verifying medical disputes with relevant parties as needed, relevant units or individuals shall cooperate.

　　Article 38　If both doctors and patients apply for mediation by the Medical Commission and fail to reach an agreement on the amount of compensation of more than 100,000 yuan, they should jointly entrust an institution established in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the province to identify and clarify their responsibilities.

　　Article 39　The medical commission shall terminate the mediation within 30 days from the date of accepting the application for mediation.

　　If it is necessary to extend the mediation period due to special circumstances, the medical commission and the parties concerned may agree on the extended period; If a mediation agreement has not been reached within the agreed time limit, it shall be deemed that mediation has failed.

　　If mediation fails, it shall inform the parties in writing and explain the reasons.

　　Article 40　A mediation agreement shall be made for medical disputes resolved through mediation. The mediation agreement shall be signed, sealed or fingerprinted by both parties, and shall take effect after being signed by the mediator and stamped with the seal of the Medical Commission.

　　If both parties agree to judicial confirmation of the people’s mediation agreement, the Medical Commission shall assist the parties in judicial confirmation. If one party refuses to perform or fails to fully perform a valid mediation agreement after judicial confirmation, the other party may apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution.

　　Article 41　After a medical dispute occurs, the parties concerned may apply for administrative treatment to the health administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level where the medical institution is located in accordance with the Regulations on Handling Medical Accidents.

　　If it is determined to be a medical accident, the health administrative department may, at the request of both doctors and patients, conduct medical accident compensation mediation. If the mediation is successful, a conciliation statement shall be made and both parties shall perform it; If mediation fails or one party fails to perform the agreement after reaching an agreement through mediation, the health administrative department will no longer mediate.

　　If the administrative department of health finds that medical institutions and their medical personnel have violated the law in the process of administrative treatment, it shall be punished or given administrative punishment according to law.

　　Article 42　Both parties should consciously fulfill the mediation agreement. If there is a dispute between the parties over the performance of the mediation agreement or the contents of the mediation agreement, they may bring a lawsuit to the people’s court.

　　Both doctors and patients can also bring a lawsuit directly to the people’s court on medical disputes.

　　

Chapter IV Medical Liability Insurance

　　Article 43　Public medical institutions participate in medical liability insurance in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the province.

　　Encourage non-public medical institutions to voluntarily participate in medical liability insurance.

　　Article 44　The underwriting institution of medical liability insurance shall follow the principle of capital preservation and meager profit, reasonably determine the insurance premium rate, and implement the rate floating system according to the compensation situation of medical disputes in different medical institutions over the years.

　　Article 45　The underwriting institution of medical liability insurance shall be determined by means of bidding.

　　Article 46　Medical institutions participating in medical liability insurance, the medical liability insurance premium expenditure, from the medical institutions operating expenses, in accordance with the provisions included in the medical cost. Medical institutions that are managed according to the two lines of income and expenditure shall be paid by the finance.

　　Medical institutions shall not increase the existing charging standards or increase the burden of patients in disguise because of participating in medical liability insurance.

　　Article 47　According to the insurance contract, the underwriting institution of medical liability insurance shall bear the liability for compensation arising from medical disputes.

　　After the occurrence of medical disputes, the underwriting institution of medical liability insurance shall participate in the handling of medical disputes in a timely manner in accordance with the insurance contract; If insurance claims need to be settled, medical institutions, patients or their close relatives shall cooperate and truthfully provide medical disputes to the underwriting institutions of medical liability insurance.

　　The underwriting institution of medical liability insurance shall, in accordance with the insurance contract, take the agreement of compensation or compensation amount within 10,000 yuan reached by both parties through self-negotiation according to law, the agreement reached through mediation by the Medical Commission, the administrative mediation agreement of the health administrative department, and the effective mediation book or judgment made by the people’s court as one of the bases for medical liability insurance claims, and pay compensation or compensation in time.

　　

Chapter V Legal Liability

　　Article 48　In any of the following circumstances, the health administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall give a warning and order it to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, the practice license of the medical institution shall be revoked according to law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

　　(a) in violation of the provisions of the thirteenth paragraph of these measures, the diagnosis and treatment activities are beyond the scope of approval and registration;

　　(two) in violation of the provisions of the second paragraph of article thirteenth of these measures, failing to carry out medical and health management laws, regulations, rules and norms of diagnosis and treatment, routine training and professional ethics education for medical services;

　　(three) in violation of the provisions of article fourteenth of these measures, the medical quality monitoring and evaluation system, medical safety responsibility system, medical dispute handling system and internal accountability system have not been established;

　　(four) in violation of the provisions of the seventeenth paragraph of these measures, not in accordance with the requirements of the administrative department of health of the State Council, writing and properly keeping medical records;

　　(five) in violation of the provisions of the second paragraph of article eighteenth of these measures, failing to seal and unseal the medical records in accordance with the provisions;

　　(six) in violation of the provisions of the third paragraph of article eighteenth of these measures, failing to provide medical records copying or copying services in accordance with the provisions, and affixing a certification mark on the copied or copied medical records;

　　(seven) in violation of the provisions of article twenty-third of these measures, the emergency plan for medical disputes has not been formulated, and it has been reported to the health administrative department and the local public security organ for the record;

　　(eight) in violation of the provisions of the third paragraph of article twenty-ninth, public medical institutions and patients or their close relatives negotiate to deal with medical disputes with a compensation amount of more than 10 thousand yuan.

　　Article 49　In any of the following circumstances, the health administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall give a warning and order it to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, which damages the patient’s health or causes the patient’s death, his practice certificate shall be revoked according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

　　(a) in violation of the provisions of the sixteenth paragraph of these measures, failing to comply with the health laws, regulations, rules and norms of diagnosis and treatment;

　　(two) in violation of the provisions of the sixteenth paragraph of these measures, the patient’s condition, medical measures, medical risks and medical expenses are not truthfully informed in accordance with the provisions;

　　(three) in violation of the provisions of the sixteenth paragraph of these measures, the patient or his close relatives have not obtained the consent of the operation, special examination, special treatment and experimental clinical treatment in accordance with the provisions;

　　(four) in violation of the provisions of the third paragraph of the seventeenth paragraph of these measures, the medical records are lost, concealed, forged or destroyed.

　　Article 50　Patients and their close relatives and other related parties who violate the provisions of Article 22 of these Measures shall be punished by the public security organs of the people’s governments at or above the county level according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 51　In the mediation of medical disputes, the people’s mediators of the Medical Commission seriously neglect their duties or violate the law and discipline, and shall be replaced by the employing unit and punished by the competent authorities; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 52　Health, judicial administration, public security, civil affairs and other departments of the people’s government at or above the county level and insurance supervision and management institutions and their staff, in violation of the provisions of these measures, have one of the following acts, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law by the competent department or the supervisory organ; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

　　(a) did not perform their duties in accordance with the provisions of these measures;

　　(two) dereliction of duty, abuse of power, corruption.

　　

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 53　These Measures shall come into force as of June 1, 2013.

Attachment:

1. Measures for the prevention and treatment of medical disputes in Guangdong Province. pdf

2. Measures for the prevention and treatment of medical disputes in Guangdong Province. docx