苏州桑拿

The female subject in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China gradually approached the "historical surface" through female text expression, and female expression, as a part of literary Chinese practice, experienced ups and downs with the transformation of modern literary Chinese. On the one hand, the changes of vocabulary, grammar and composition concepts provide key clues for the change of women’s concepts and text expression; On the other hand, women’s literary practice and discourse style in the transformation of Chinese, as the object of enlightenment, not only echo the changes of literary Chinese, but also reflect the process of self-adjustment of gender subjects in the nation and language. Borrowing Professor Wen Guiliang’s definition, the so-called "literary Chinese", that is, a connection between literature and language, brings the interaction and evolution between ancient Chinese and modern Chinese, classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese, classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese into the interpretation of literature in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Compared with traditional boudoir singing and vernacular writing after the May 4th Movement, women’s writing in this period conveyed not only radical determination, but also a dilemma. The vernacular newspaper is a window to examine China’s female consciousness and gender writing in the transitional period.

As a cadre of the May 4th Vernacular Movement, Hu Shi tried his best to separate the May 4th Vernacular Movement from the late Qing Dynasty Vernacular Movement, but he also recalled his experience of editing the late Qing vernacular newspaper Jingye Xunbao more than once. "In 1906, several of my classmates in China College ran a regular publication called Jingye Xunbao, another example of Darwin’s theory." I started writing in vernacular Chinese six years before the Republic of China (Bingwu). At that time, I wrote half a chapter novel and some papers for Shanghai Jingye Xunbao, all of which were written in vernacular Chinese. The "half-chapter novel" mentioned by Hu Shi is as true as an island written in vernacular, which already contains the content of criticizing early marriage. According to Chen Wanxiong’s statistics, there were 149 kinds of vernacular newspapers in the last decade of the late Qing Dynasty, not including the illustrated newspaper and some newspapers with both literary and vernacular styles. According to Cai Lesu’s textual research, there were more than 170 kinds of vernacular newspapers and periodicals in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. On the basis of previous research, Professor Hu Quanzhang concluded that there were 257 kinds of vernacular newspapers founded in the last decade of the late Qing Dynasty. Among these huge late Qing newspapers and periodicals, Hu Shi’s example is just a drop in the ocean. These newspapers connected scholars from all over the world, trying to contribute their own strength to the cause of saving the nation and surviving, and then formed a massive vernacular movement in the late Qing Dynasty. A large number of vernacular newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty were founded in the name of region.Wuxi Vernacular Newspaper, Ningbo Vernacular Newspaper, Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper, Wuhu Vernacular Newspaper, Hunan Vernacular Newspaper, Hubei Vernacular Newspaper, Jiangxi Vernacular Newspaper, Shanxi Vernacular Newspaper, Guangzhou Vernacular Newspaper, Fujian Vernacular Newspaper, Dianhua Daily, Tianjin Vernacular Newspaper, Hebei Vernacular Newspaper, Henan Vernacular Speech Newspaper and Shandong Vernacular Newspaper Although some vernacular newspapers were founded abroad, such as Dian Hua, which was founded in Tokyo, Japan, they all have a strong regional color in terms of the sponsor’s native place, column setting and newspaper language. These vernacular newspapers, named after different places, hope to start with the customs of a place that the founders are familiar with, publicize new knowledge in vernacular, and change customs in a targeted manner.

Wuxi Vernacular Newspaper, No.1, 1898

1898 was an "eventful autumn". Apart from the "Reform Movement of 1898" that shook the Qing court, the ups and downs of literary criticism in the press and literary circles all moved with the "great change in a hundred years". Countless intellectuals devoted themselves to the cause of "enlightening the foolish and enlightening the people’s wisdom". Among the numerous newspapers and magazines in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, vernacular newspapers and periodicals are naturally a striking part. The fermentation and germination of all kinds of new and old ideological trends are extremely unstable and full of contingency. Various vernacular newspapers and periodicals established for the purpose of "enlightening the foolish" and vernacular chapters published in major newspapers and periodicals have played a catalytic role in this process, awakening modern women’s consciousness and shaping the image of "new women". Also in 1898, Wuxi Vernacular Newspaper(Later renamed China Guanyin Vernacular Newspaper)It was founded in Wuxi on May 11th, and the Journal of Women was founded in Shanghai on July 24th. The two newspapers are directly related to the practice of women’s vernacular and the prosperity of women’s studies. Although the editor-in-chief of Wuxi Vernacular Newspaper is Qiu Tingliang, the most important editor-in-chief is actually his niece Qiu Yufang. As an influential vernacular newspaper in the late Qing Dynasty, the newspaper content of Wuxi Vernacular Newspaper presents a complicated scene of literary and vernacular transformation. Qiu Yufang hesitated in the statute of women’s education, and her vernacular practice such as Notes on Women’s Commandments and Chronicle of Mencius became a microcosm of the germination of women’s consciousness in the late Qing Dynasty. As the journal of China Women’s Association, Journal of Women aims at promoting women’s studies and restoring women’s rights, and its words are easy to understand. The main contributors include Kang Tongwei, Xue Shaohui, Shen Heqing, Qiu Yufang, Li Huixian, Pan Xuan, Jiang Yufang and others, and there are as many as 18 main writers listed in the first issue alone. Women’s vernacular practice in newspapers and periodicals became an organic part of vernacular newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty.

There are countless reports about women in vernacular newspapers, including-first, news about the opening, enrollment and teaching of women’s schools, Anhui Vernacular Newspaper, National Vernacular Daily, Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper, Shaoxing Vernacular Newspaper, Jilin Vernacular Newspaper and Zhili Vernacular Newspaper, etc., which have been reported many times, and some of them are "news of this province (local port)" Secondly, regarding the complex connection between women’s schools and the society in the late Qing Dynasty, the content of the debate started from schools, textbooks and students’ birth, and the concern for female students often combined with the general discussion of women in the late Qing Dynasty, that is, the re-transformation of the gender concept of the whole society. For example, the social news that prostitutes pretend to be female students published in Tianjin Vernacular Newspaper, and the satirical ditty published by Zhang Danfu in Jingye Xunbao, etc. There are also discussions on a series of social phenomena around women, such as women’s moral cultivation, freedom to get married, etc. For example, the National Opinion serialized by China Vernacular Newspaper has a special issue to discuss "women’s society", the editorials "Vulgar Articles" and "Re-discussing Marriage" serialized by Anhui Vernacular Newspaper, and the New Testament on Marriage serialized by Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper, etc. Third, the initiative of calling on women to fight for their own rights and interests, actively enter school and be self-reliant is more inclined to the discourse of political power.For example, the long editorial "On Women’s Right to Restore Women’s Rights" serialized in National Vernacular Newspaper, and the speech "Wake Up Women Compatriots" published in Guangdong Vernacular Newspaper, etc. These vernacular newspapers either focus on women’s studies in the form of editorials and news reports, or promote new women in literary forms such as poems, operas and novels, and at the same time echo other vernacular works related to women in the late Qing Dynasty. In a word, the relevant vernacular newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty formed a dense communication network centered on the germination of female consciousness. The base camp of vernacular newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty was of course large and small vernacular newspapers, but at the same time, many newspapers that paid equal attention to both literature and vulgarity also set up columns such as "forum", "performance altar" and "speech" to publish articles written in vernacular or shallow classical Chinese. Most of these articles are vernacular speeches, that is, speeches written in the form of vernacular Chinese, which can be said to be recorded in a popular written language that simulates spoken language for people to read or for journalists to play. When the author writes, he imagines that he is a virtual journalist, such as the column "Playing the altar" in Women’s World, China Women’s Newspaper and China New Women’s Magazine. There are also some vernacular songs published in classical Chinese newspapers to promote women’s studies, oppose foot-binding and encourage female workers, which have certain artistic appeal, such as the song of kicking off feet in Chinese and Western Church Newspaper, the song of encouraging students published in the newspaper of Reply, and the collection of songs in Women’s World. Although this part of the vernacular newspapers published in classical Chinese newspapers are scattered everywhere, the number is very considerable.

Vernacular, the first issue in 1904, was founded by Qiu Jin.

As early as before the May Fourth Vernacular Movement, Huang Zunxian’s "I wrote my mouth by hand, how can I be detained in ancient times?"("Miscellaneous feelings")Chen Rongqi’s "There is no elegance and vulgarity in speech"(As the saying goes)Qiu Tingliang’s "Advocating Vernacular and Abandoning Classical Chinese"("On Vernacular Language as the Foundation of Reform")And so on have put forward the idea of consistency in words and words. It is true that, as Zhou Zuoren pointed out, the vernacular and classical Chinese at that time were used by the "valet" and the "master" respectively, and many vernacular Chinese had a strong stereotype. Even the pioneers of vernacular Chinese such as Huang Zunxian, whose works promoting vernacular Chinese are mostly written in ancient poems and classical Chinese. However, from the objective effect, the vernacular practice of the vernacular movement in the late Qing Dynasty became the forerunner of the May 4th vernacular movement to some extent, which not only gave birth to writers and readers of vernacular, promoted vernacular teaching, affected the transformation process of China literature, but also provided the soil for the evolution of Chinese’s gender consciousness when the west wind spread eastward. It is worth noting that the female intellectuals in China in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were not only active practitioners of vernacular writing, but also did not blindly follow suit in theoretical advocacy. According to Professor Xia Xiaohong’s research, in the inaugural issue of Shanghai Journal for Women on July 24th, 1898, Pan Xuan’s article "The Origin of Shanghai Journal for Women" has discriminated the dichotomy of classical Chinese, and put forward the idea of trying to figure out practical learning in vernacular Chinese, which was more than a month earlier than Qiu Tingliang’s proposal that "vernacular Chinese is the foundation of reform", and Qiu Yufang, the niece of the latter, also participated in the Journal for Women. The vernacular movement in the late Qing Dynasty and the awakening of modern women’s consciousness are in one vein. Although it is different from the May 4th Movement in terms of distinctiveness and determination, women’s expression in this period has its own tenacity and endurance.

The female expression in the transformation of literary Chinese is not only reflected in the changes of text practice such as style, vocabulary and grammatical structure, but also in the innovation of composition conception and writing concept, which is an important link in the construction of gender subject. A close look at the "discipline" of literary rhetoric in the vernacular newspaper corpus on discourse practice and the "delay" and "breakthrough" of women in literary expression can enrich and refine the modern gender subject research. At the same time, the literary language from the late Qing Dynasty to the May 4th Movement is intrinsically related to the pursuit of modernity, and language has formed an inseparable relationship chain with national salvation, enlightenment and prosperity. In this process, the awakening and maturity of women’s consciousness is closely related to language change and national crisis, and the prominence of modern gender subject is always accompanied by the birth of language subject and national subject.

During the nearly 20 years from the Vernacular Movement in the late Qing Dynasty to the Vernacular Movement in the May 4th Movement, with the deepening of the Chinese Pinyin Movement, various attempts to "speak and write the same" and "unify the language" were reflected in the historical ups and downs of the transformation of the vernacular. A group of scholars in the late Qing Dynasty tried to promote mass enlightenment through language reform. The transformation of literary Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China was accompanied by the rise of modern nationalism. On the road of modernization, the "differences" between Chinese and Western cultures were mostly classified as "gaps", and the "weakness" of China’s language and writing became the "shame" of Chinese people’s "courage after knowing shame". The strokes of Chinese characters are complicated and difficult, and learning to recite them is not as convenient as pinyin; The pronunciation of Chinese characters is not unified, and the spread of Chinese can only rely on classical Chinese. As a mature written language system, the communication ability of classical Chinese is limited, and there are obstacles in absorbing new theories. In the case of dichotomy of language and literature, people’s educational enlightenment is limited everywhere, and people’s hearts are scattered, so it is impossible to cultivate "new citizens", let alone resist foreign aggression. Under this deduction, the problem of language and writing eventually becomes the problem of preserving species in a powerful country. The rise of vernacular status is not only a cultural event, but also a political behavior of Chinese after several choices in the process of modernization. In the two clues of the vernacular movement and the Chinese Pinyin movement, the admiration and tempering of vernacular, the secondary processing of spoken language and the creative use of dialect vocabulary have become the joint points connecting literary language and women. For women at that time, on the one hand, the Qing government did not bring women’s studies into the official academic system until 1907,On the other hand, the practice of women’s discourse, including women’s education, women’s enlightenment and many other social issues, has long been seen in newspapers, and the teaching of women’s studies began in the 1840s. In the dual vision of language, culture and gender awareness, neologisms are intertwined with new styles, oral expression strategies and gender reference under the academic system, which refines the macro discussion of home and country into specific and subtle lines:

First, the new vocabulary and new style in the late Qing Dynasty from the perspective of female enlightenment. New terms such as "women’s rights", "women" and "female students" have become hot topics in the process of western learning spreading to the east, and their meanings have been localized with the interpretation of different literary forms such as novels, ballads and contemporary tunes, which have become an indispensable part of female enlightenment. The process of introducing new terms related to women is a process of translation and learning physics and chemistry; The borrowing of these new terms in the transformation of various literary styles is a process of enlightenment and popularization. The coupling and dislocation of the meanings of various new words in the two processes reflects the expectations of different groups for "new women".

Second, dialect, spoken language, vernacular and female expression strategies. Whether it’s political papers and speeches for women, school songs and novels, etc., we can increase the semantic interval, soften the tone, and narrow and imagine the distance between readers through written direct recording of dialects and spoken language. The direct written records of spoken language and dialects, such as "Du" and "Ge" in Wu dialect and "La", "Wu" and "Xi" in Cantonese, make the form of early vernacular literature more lively. However, the colloquial dialogues of female narrators are different in different works, and sometimes the written language and even classical Chinese components increase significantly. At this time, women can’t give up "classical Chinese" and the discourse authority behind it.

Thirdly, female text reference under the influence of female school system and female education statute. Works with women as narrators and texts with women as narrative objects use different pronouns for "I" and "she", such as "woman", "woman" and "sister", which reflects the conflict, transition and integration between traditional women’s education and westernized women’s studies in modern times, and gradually establishes the gender subject in the process of reference transformation. The teaching materials and writing paradigms involved in women’s schools in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China are interrelated with the singular and plural forms of references such as "women and children", "sisters" and "I (we)" in women’s text practice. China women awakened by the propaganda of "collective/individual" and "country/home" also experienced changes in words, genres and concepts in the process of composition.

Picture of foot-wrapped humiliation, Anhui Daily, No.13, 1904.

What needs to be clear is that when discussing women’s writing, especially in the process of writing language changing from classical Chinese to vernacular Chinese, the opposition of gender identity cannot be simply linked with the opposition of classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese. If we can’t restore the context in combination with the scene of literary production, we can’t explain how some female vocalists continue the "discourse authority" of classical Chinese in their vernacular creation, nor can we explain the phenomenon that men use female pseudonyms, imitate women’s tone and call for women’s unity in their vernacular creation. However, since there is an attempt to imitate women’s tone writing, it means that there is at least a paradigm of women’s writing style, which is not a gender bias that needs to be broken, but a characteristic of women’s language in the historical context at that time. On the relationship between language and gender differences, many discussions in linguistics are quite enlightening. As early as 1922, Otto Jespersen wrote in his linguistic treatise The Essence, Development and Origin of Language (Language: its nature, development and origin) has devoted a special chapter to the characteristics of women’s language, and made a simple comparison between the language habits of the two sexes from the aspects of language taboos, vocabulary selection, grammar and sentence patterns. However, due to the limitations of the times, the author failed to provide systematic data support, but analyzed the reasons for the differences from the perspective of anthropology. Jesper’s view belongs to the typical "defect theory", that is, women’s language is a defective low-level version compared with men’s because of their limited education and most of them have not left home or engaged in labor production outside the family. With the development of linguistics and the influence of the western women’s movement, the discussion on language and gender differences since 1960s has successively produced two viewpoints, namely "dominance theory" and "difference theory".Language and Women’s Place, 1975) thinks that the language difference between men and women is the mapping of gender inequality in society, while the latter has emerged since the 1990s, and scholars represented by Alice R Freed began to correct the inappropriate exposition of men and women in the "defect theory" and "dominance theory". Different from previous studies, which regard women as passive roles, the "difference theorists" believe that both sexes have their own characteristics, and there is no distinction between higher and lower languages, and they are all equal individuals. It is not difficult to find that the western research on the relationship between gender and language is updated with the deepening of western women’s self-cognition. Although the viewpoints involved are rooted in the historical soil of western civilization, the discussion on women’s education, class, spoken and written language and discourse power is of great significance for reviewing and analyzing the transformation of women’s creative language in modern China.

In the process of the west spreading to the east, it is impossible for women in China to stay out of it, but their "voice" has to be torn with the women’s education regulations, and the women’s education regulations have changed because of the influence of the western education system on women’s education in China. The factors related to gender in the transitional period are no longer "constants". Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider the differences between Chinese and western women’s text practice, gender subject generation and feminist movement process, and firmly grasp the main clues of the evolution of modern China’s language and writing concepts in the collision and interweaving of tradition and modernity, and East and West. Only in this way can we establish a three-dimensional structure of literature, Chinese, women’s expression, country and nation through vertical and horizontal comparison, just like finding a criterion in the ubiquitous "variable" wrestling field in the literary production field.

(Part of this article comes from the online lecture "Women’s Expression in the Transition of Literariness in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China" given by the author to the Confucius Institute in Hong Kong and the China Department of Culture of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on April 6th. )

From 1983 to 1990

　　In fact, as early as 1983, when the Series III had not been discontinued, its replacement model, the Land Rover 110, was introduced. The 110 figure represented 110 inches (2790mm). By 1984, a Land Rover 90 was added, with a wheelbase of 93.9 inches (2385mm).

　　Then in 1985, Land Rover launched the Land Rover 127 with a 127-inch (3226mm) wheelbase, and the awkward situation came.

　　In 1989, Land Rover sold models such as Range Rover, Discovery, and Land Rover 90/110/127, which puzzled many people because the 90/110/127 series had the same brand name.

　　In light of this, Land Rover has decided to rename the Land Rover 90/110/127 models to further standardize the division of its models.

● 1990-pr

　　In 1990, the name Defender () was officially established as an alternative name for the Land Rover 90/110/127 model, corresponding to the Defender 90/110/130. The meaning of Defender has two aspects, one is because the Land Rover off-road vehicle was widely popular with the military of various countries at that time, and the other is the hope that the Defender car series will continue to defend Land Rover’s important position in the global market.

　　Despite the name change, the Defender still maintains the Founder design of Land Rover 90/110/127. In fact, fundamentally speaking, it still retains many classic design elements of the ancestral Series I. In fact, since 1990, the Defender has basically not undergone major changes in appearance.

　　At the outset of the Defender’s launch, the car was powered by a 2.5-liter in-line four-cylinder diesel, earlier known as the 200TDi, which reached 80kW (108PS) and was 264N · m.

　　In 1998, in response to increasingly stringent emissions standards around the world, Defender replaced the previous diesel engine with a 2.5-liter in-line five-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine called the Td5. It is worth noting that on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Land Rover in 1998, Defender also launched a special edition model equipped with the 4.0-liter V8 gasoline engine of the then Range Rover.

　　In the period 1997-2000, due to the acquisition of Land Rover, Defender also used a 22.8-liter inline-six gasoline engine with a maximum of 142 kW (193 PS) and a maximum of 280 N · m.

　　Then in 2007, due to the acquisition of the ill-fated Land Rover as early as 2000, Defender replaced the Td5 diesel engine with a 2.4-liter inline-four diesel engine from Ford in order to keep pace with emissions regulations.

　　In addition to the improvement in power, the guard has made few obvious adjustments to other aspects. The appearance is still square, and the details of the engine cover have a more obvious raised design, which makes its hard-line atmosphere even stronger.

　　In terms of interior design, despite the development of the times, the interior of the guard has also added comfort features such as air conditioning, but overall it is still mainly practical.

　　In terms of off-road performance, the guard still continues the tradition of hard-line off-road. The front and rear suspension structure and the unstoppable mechanical style are all classic elements of the guard in people’s hearts.

　　It is worth mentioning that, in fact, in 2004, the Guard was introduced to China, but the high domestic price has deterred many enthusiasts. You know, the Guard has always been positioned as a tool vehicle for rough work.

　　In 2011, Land Rover again revamped the Defender, but the focus of the improvement was still on power. The previous 2.4-liter inline-four-cylinder diesel engine was replaced by the 2.2-liter four-cylinder turbo diesel engine from Ford, with a maximum power of 90kW (122PS) and a maximum torque of 360N · m.

　　But the news of the Defender model change was not the most significant this year. The more significant news was that in the same year, Land Rover publicly admitted that as the Defender was gradually unable to keep up with the development of emissions and safety regulations, the company was working on a new car research and development project aimed at replacing the Defender. Based on this, Land Rover released a concept car called the DC100 in September of that year. However, the DC100 concept car was not recognized by fans, because there was hardly any trace of the Defender on it.

Nissan has a large market share in our past life. The new car offers three models (1.6 XE CVT Comfort Edition, 1.6 XL CVT Deluxe Edition and 1.6L XV CVT Exclusive Edition), and the price is 108,600 yuan and 122,600 yuan. As a modified model of the year, the appearance/interior of the new car has not changed significantly, mainly adding exclusive models (configuration and price have increased).

In appearance design, the product successfully draws lessons from Nissan’s family-style V-Motion design concept, which significantly improves its recognition. Many people like Nissan Sylphy, one of the main reasons is that it looks handsome and looks like a small size, and this design language is more harmonious on compact cars!

The classic appearance of Sylphy is not as handsome as the new Sylphy. Fortunately, it is a more attractive type. The V-shaped air intake grille on the front face is decorated with chrome, which belongs to the design characteristics of Nissan family, and the headlight group similar to the three-level shape remains unchanged. In addition, the left and right sides of the front enclosure and the central position have also added blackened decorative pieces to enhance the vitality and dynamic atmosphere of the front face.

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The length, width and height of the vehicle are 4,652 * 1,815 * 1,450 mm and the wheelbase is 2,712 mm. The outline of the vehicle has a sense of coupe movement, and the black decoration is designed behind the side windows, which makes it form the effect of a suspended roof. It uses 16-inch wheels, while the tail shape is fashionable. The taillights are like open wings, and the LED light source looks good when lit.

As for the interior, the center console is layered, with soft material covering and leather wrapping. The workmanship is exquisite in the same level of joint venture cars. The round air conditioning outlet has characteristics, which makes the atmosphere lively and the leather grip comfortable. The instrument panel is composed of a 7-inch LCD screen and traditional hands. The 12.3-inch floating central control panel enhances the sense of science and technology, and supports car networking, OTA upgrade, voice recognition control and so on.

In the seat part, the car adopts a five-seat layout, and the seat is wrapped with fabric or imitation leather.

In terms of the functionality of the seats, all the seats in the car support manual adjustment, while the Deluxe Edition/Privileged Edition also provides the central armrest/cup holder of the rear seat.

Adjust the comfortable sitting posture in the front row, and then enter the back row. There is enough leg space to meet the needs of a family of five. Moreover, the seats in the front and rear rows are thick, soft and supportive to ride, and the air outlet, headrest and central armrest in the rear row are all complete, ensuring good riding comfort.

In terms of power, it is equipped with a four-cylinder 1.6L naturally aspirated engine, with the maximum power of 99kW (135HP) and the maximum torque of 159Nm. It is matched with CVT gearbox, with smooth and linear power output, light steering wheel rotation and easy daily driving, but it is a bit slow to step on the accelerator deeply, which is not as explosive as the turbocharged engine. The average fuel consumption per 100 kilometers of urban and rural roads is about 6.8L, and the pure high-speed fuel consumption is around 6.2L.

This year, the competition in the automobile market is extremely fierce. All major joint venture car companies have felt the pressure, and they have increased the preferential treatment for their models, such as Volkswagen, Toyota, Hyundai and Nissan Sylphy. Now the actual transaction price of each model is quite attractive. I wonder if this car has attracted you!

　　Attachment: Research and development of high-performance computing machines in our country

　　Our country’s high-performance computing machines have formed three series, namely Galaxy series, Dawning series and Shenwei series.

　　Galaxy series

　　In November 1983, our country’s first gigantic electronic computer named "Galaxy" was born at the National University of Defense Technology after five years. Its successful development announced to the world that China has become a country that can independently design and manufacture supercomputers after the United States, Japan and other countries.

　　On November 19, 1992, the 1 billion supercomputer "Galaxy-II" developed by the National University of Defense Technology passed the national appraisal in Changsha, filling the gap of parallel supercomputers for large-scale scientific engineering computing and large-scale data processing in our country.

　　On June 19, 1997, the "Galaxy-III" parallel supercomputer developed by the National University of Defense Technology passed the national appraisal in Beijing. The machine adopts a distributed shared storage structure for large-scale scientific and engineering computing and large-scale data processing. The basic word length is 64 bits, and the peak performance is 13 billion times. The machine has a number of technologies that are leading in China, and the comprehensive technology has reached the current international advanced level.

　　Dawn series

　　Dawning I In October 1993, Dawning successfully launched the first SMP structure computer – "Dawning I". It can be widely used in banking, insurance, accounting, taxation, post and telecommunications, transportation and government departments for large-scale transaction processing. Dawning I is a major achievement of our country’s "863 plan", which marks that our country has mastered the world’s advanced level of designing and manufacturing symmetrical tightly coupled parallel machines that support multi-threading mechanisms, and shortens the gap between our country and foreign countries in parallel processing technology.

　　Dawning 1000 was developed in May 1995. It is the first set of large-scale parallel computer system independently developed in China, and its peak computing speed reaches 2.50 billion times per second. It used Mesh network for the first time and developed Wormhole routing chip for the first time. It is the first company to develop advanced parallel operating systems based on message passing, practical parallel optimization compilers and parallel file systems. All use parallel programming, debugging tools and environments, and the whole has reached the international advanced level in the early 1990s. Some technologies such as cavity communication chip design and parallel optimization compilation have reached the international leading level.

　　Dawning 2000-I Super Server, a major project of the National 863 Program undertaken by the National Intelligent Computer Research and Development Center in the first half of 1998, was successfully developed and passed the national appraisal. Its peak computing speed is 20 billion floating-point operations per second, supports mainstream operating systems and parallel programming environments, and has the characteristics of a single image. It is oriented towards scientific engineering computing. Although this project is a high-end product, it has upward and downward scalability, so it is expected to develop into a high-performance computer product series. Dawning 2000-I meets part of the domestic demand for MPP systems, which in turn promotes the development of large-scale scientific engineering computers and large-scale transaction processing in our country.

　　Shuguang 2000-ⅱ Super Server, developed by the National Intelligent Machine Research and Development Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has passed the expert appraisal organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology in Beijing. It has made a major breakthrough in the key technology and productization of super servers, reaching the advanced level of international congeneric products in the late 1990s, and has entered the international leading ranks in cluster operating systems. Its peak floating-point operation speed is 110 billion times per second, the total memory capacity reaches 50 gigabytes, which can be expanded to 80 gigabytes, and the total disk capacity exceeds 600 gigabytes, which can be expanded to several gigabytes. It has an advanced cluster architecture, consisting of 82 node computers, and the total number of processors reaches 164. Dawning 2000-II has a rich and complete software system. Our country has developed a powerful cluster operating system, equipped with a variety of popular high-level programming languages, mainstream parallel programming environments and tools. In order to support network information services, the machine is equipped with parallel network and email service software, and can support various popular database software. working processor. In addition, it must also have self-checking and repair functions, which will be a revolution in the field of computer design.

　　Shenwei ⅰ computer system

　　In August 2000, our country’s self-developed high-performance computing machine, Shenwei I, with a peak computing speed of 384 billion floating-point results per second, was put into business operations. After the United States and Japan, our country has become the third country with the ability to develop high-performance computing machines. The system ranks 48th among the top 500 high-performance computing machines in commercial operation in the world today.

　　This scalable large-scale parallel computing system named Shenwei ⅰ computer system, the main technical indicators and performance have reached the international advanced level, is our country’s major scientific research achievements in the development and application field of giant computers, thus breaking the restrictions of some Western countries in the field of high-performance computing machines to our country.

　　The application scope of Shenwei ⅰ computer system mainly involves meteorological and climate, aerospace, information security, oil exploration, life sciences and other fields. During the practice run, Beijing high-performance computing application center has successfully developed a number of practical large-scale application software based on Shenwei ⅰ computer system. Preliminary statistics show that the utilization rate of Shenwei ⅰ computer system has reached more than 60%, and it is playing an active role in the field of national economic construction. For example: the ensemble numerical weather forecast system developed in cooperation with our country’s meteorological bureau can complete 32 samples and 10-day global forecasts within 8 hours; the human gene cloning system developed in cooperation with the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has completed the cloning operation of human heart genes and achieved the results of reaching the international advanced level.

　　According to reports, the first Shenwei I was put into use at the Beijing high-performance computing application center, and the second will be put into operation at the Shanghai Supercomputer Center.

　　(People’s Daily Online Profile)

Editor in charge: Li Erqing

The Beijing Auto Show kicked off, looking forward to the car carrying U8, U9 and U7 at the W1 Hall, and all the products attracted the attention of the audience. On the opening day, I look forward to the official launch of the U8 cross-country player version, with a starting price of 1.098 million yuan; At the same time, the million-class new energy flagship sedan looks to U7 to complete its offline debut. It is worth noting that Yunqi -Z, a revolutionary technology carried by U7, made its debut, further expanding the Yunqi technology family.

Looking up, since its establishment, we are determined to create high-end brands with cutting-edge technology and bring unprecedented product experience to consumers. The brand relies on six core technologies, namely Easy Sifang, Yunqi, Blade Battery, Super Body, Intelligent Cockpit and Intelligent Assisted Driving, to build a look-up architecture, and through flexible combination, it has created a variety of high-end products covering hard-core off-road, performance supercar and flagship car for different application scenarios.

On the first day of the auto show, Yunqi -Z technology was shocked and released, and it was first applied to look up at U7. This revolutionary technology replaces the traditional hydraulic shock absorber with four highly integrated suspension motors, and the response speed is increased to 10 milliseconds, which is several times faster than the traditional active suspension. Abandoning the oil medium, the energy transmission loss is significantly reduced, and the suspension motor can directly generate electricity, realize energy recovery and charge the battery. The appearance of Yunnian -Z marks that the suspension has entered the era of "electricity", which has achieved a revolutionary leap in adjustment speed and accuracy, bringing unprecedented super-stable and super-safe driving experience to users.

With the release of Cloud -Z technology, we hope to add new members to Cloud-Z technology family. Looking up to U7 as a million-class flagship car, it is the first to take Yunqi -Z technology, bringing users a ride comfort beyond the maglev train. Looking up to U9 as the first pure electric performance supercar equipped with Yunxiao -X, it breaks the performance boundary between track and street, and has the ultimate control and daily driving comfort. The new energy hard-core cross-country looks up to U8, and the first vehicle is equipped with Yunqi -P, which makes the vehicle have both urban driving comfort and cross-country crossing ability. Looking forward to the deep integration of Yunqi intelligent body control system and Yifangfang technology, we can realize the only accurate control of vertical and horizontal three-dimensional body posture in the world, break the product scene restrictions and bring unprecedented car experience to users.

This Beijing Auto Show, looking forward to U8 Deluxe Edition and Off-road Player Edition, looking forward to U9, looking forward to U7 being exhibited on the same stage for the first time, concentrated on showing a million-level high-end product matrix based on Yifangfang and Yunxiao technology.

Looking forward to the launch of U8 Off-Road Player Edition, the price is 1.098 million yuan, which has attracted much attention for its excellent off-road performance, distinctive off-road style and attributes. This model is based on two subversive technologies: Easy Sifang and Yunqi-P. It is equipped with unique configurations and functions such as full-scene vehicle-mounted satellite communication, near-far infrared night vision system, and the world’s first deeply integrated vehicle-mounted UAV system, which refreshes the off-road experience standard and sets a new benchmark for off-road safety.

Looking up to U8 cross-country player edition provides users with security beyond their peers. The standard vehicle-mounted satellite communication scheme ensures that users can maintain external communication in areas without signal, and can also use it normally while driving without manually searching for satellite signals. In addition, the near-far infrared night vision system equipped on the vehicle can sense the road conditions around the clock in complex environments and lighting conditions such as sandstorm, smog and backlight, and has collision warning function to provide users with all-round security.

Looking up to the U8 off-road player version, you can choose the world’s first deep-integrated vehicle-mounted UAV system, and the optional price is 100,000 yuan. The deep integration of vehicles and drones significantly simplifies the operation difficulty of drones, supports functions such as "one-button take-off, intelligent follow-up", and allows users to easily enjoy the novel shooting perspective and driving pleasure brought by on-board drones.

Looking up to the U8 cross-country player version, while maintaining 1200 horsepower, it comes standard with a wading throat, with a maximum wading depth of 1.4 meters. It has the ability of emergency floating and calmly responds to the wild wading environment. At the same time, the approach angle, departure angle and longitudinal passing angle of the vehicle are optimized to reach 37.5, 38 and 26.5 respectively, which greatly improves the off-road trafficability. In addition, this model provides 17+1 driving modes, which effectively enhances the all-terrain conquest ability.

Compared with the Deluxe Edition, Wangwang U8 Cross-country Player Edition adopts a more wild and practical exclusive interior and exterior design, providing more personalized modification space. The interior adopts black and green color matching, showing off-road atmosphere; The appearance is available in two colors: sandstone green and obsidian black. 20-inch cross-country forged wheels and AT tires are standard, and various optional kits such as loading kit, trailer kit and luxury comfort kit are provided.

Looking forward to the first show under the U7 line, as a million-class flagship car, it is equipped with the leading-edge Yifangfang technology and revolutionary Yunqi -Z technology, supplemented by the "Eye of the God" advanced intelligent driving assistance system, which ensures driving safety all the time and brings unprecedented extreme driving experience to users.

Looking up to U7 equipped with easy Sifang technology, the horsepower of the whole vehicle is as high as 1,300 horsepower, and the acceleration of 0-100km/h takes only 2.9 seconds. At the same time, it can easily control the urban road conditions, and at the same time, it can independently adjust the four-wheel torque in milliseconds, calmly cope with the change of road adhesion, successfully challenge Yabuli’s ice and snow platform, and show the strong control of easy Sifang on the body posture. The revolutionary suspension technology Yunqi -Z replaces the traditional hydraulic shock absorber with four suspension motors, which actively eliminates the road force and creates a ride comfort beyond the maglev train for users. In addition, U7 comes standard with the high-performance carbon ceramic brake disc independently developed by BYD, and combined with the excellent electric braking ability of Yifangfang, the braking distance of 100-0km/h is 33 meters.

It is particularly worth mentioning that under the test standard of 120km/h, the drag coefficient of U7 is as low as 0.195, which is the lowest record of mass production vehicles in the world, and the seating space is not sacrificed, ensuring a spacious and comfortable rear row space. In August, 2023, Wangwang U7 was certified by the authoritative organization as the advanced technology model of automobile aerodynamics in 2023 (C-STAA model).

Looking forward to the U7 design, it follows the family language of "dimension door", blends modern design with traditional inspiration, and shapes the unique aesthetic style of the flagship car with millions of new energy in the new era. Simple and elegant body lines and innovative aerodynamic design constitute its distinctive recognition characteristics, giving the flagship car a brand-new luxury attribute under the new form and proportion. Combining elegance and technology, we hope U7 will hit a new high at the top of the flagship and lead the aesthetic trend of new energy flagship cars in the new era.

Since the first exhibition at the Shanghai Auto Show in 2023, I hope that the brand will continue to expand its product and technology matrix in one year, and the whole lineup will be unveiled at the Beijing Auto Show in 2024. Looking forward to always adhering to the belief of building high-end brands with the ultimate technology, and continuing to promote the development of new energy automobile industry to a higher dimension with the most cutting-edge technology applications, the most forward-looking technology ideas and the deepest vertical integration. Facing the future, looking forward to giving "electricity" unlimited imagination, we will continue to carry out pioneering exploration and scene innovation with top aesthetic, performance and engineering capabilities, and inject the ultimate product strength into its models.

The trend of new energy is booming. Among several types of new energy vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles have become the new favorite. Such vehicles can not only enjoy the policy benefits of new energy vehicles in most cities, but also make up for the shortage of mileage anxiety of pure electric vehicles. In the camp of extended-range electric vehicles, AITO and Ideality are representative brands. The former has launched the first technologically luxurious intelligent electric drive SUV—AITO Wenjie M5, which is being delivered in 36 cities and more than 100 user centers. The latter has a high market popularity in Li ONE, so how to choose these two models? This paper tells you the answer by comparing the hard power of the two.

Comparison of extended range platforms: AITO-bound M5 has a longer comprehensive battery life and a smoother range extender.

AITO Interface M5 comes from Celeste pure electric drive range extension platform (DE-i), which contains a 1.5T four-cylinder range extender specially built for the range extension system. It runs very smoothly, and the maximum power generation efficiency can reach 3.2 kW h/L under the action of 41% ultra-high thermal efficiency. In terms of cruising range, the pure battery life of AITO-bound M5 under WLTC condition is 150km. Under the condition of full charge and full oil, the comprehensive battery life under WLTC condition is over 1,100 km, which is superior to all pure electric vehicles. At the same time, the fuel-and-electricity charging method can better meet the needs of users in complex usage scenarios.

Li ONE also uses the extended range platform, but the specifications and structure of the range extender are different from those of AITO M5. It uses a 1.2T three-cylinder range extender. Although the dynamic parameters are good, the inherent structure of the three cylinders is not good for the ride comfort, thus affecting the NVH performance of the whole vehicle. In terms of cruising range, Li ONE’s WLTC has a comprehensive cruising range of 890km, which is far ahead of most pure electric vehicles, although it is far from AITO’s M5, and there is no mileage anxiety.

Power system comparison: all adopt dual-motor four-wheel drive, and AITO asks M5 to accelerate faster.

AITO Interface M5 adopts a dual-motor four-wheel drive scheme, the front axle is equipped with asynchronous AC motor and the rear axle is equipped with permanent magnet synchronous motor. This combination achieves a balance between performance and energy consumption. Under the strong power output, the zero-speed acceleration time of AITO’s flagship version of M5 four-wheel drive reached 4.4 seconds, which led a number of new energy vehicles.

Li ONE also adopts the dual-motor four-wheel drive scheme, but both motors are permanent magnet synchronous motors, with the maximum power of 245kW and the maximum torque of 455N·m, which is not as radical as AITO’s M5, and the acceleration time is 6.5 seconds, which is nearly 2 seconds behind AITO’s M5. This result is also expected. After all, Li ONE is positioned as a medium-and large-sized SUV for home use, which is more suitable for the daddy crowd. Even so, the acceleration performance of Li ONE is compared with that of gasoline at the same price and the same level.

Chassis specification comparison: the lightweight of AITO interface M5 is more in place, and the front suspension is higher.

As a high-end SUV, AITO Wujie M5 adopts an all-aluminum chassis, which is not only lighter but also better in rigidity and strength than the traditional steel chassis. In terms of suspension, AITO M5 also shows sincerity. The front suspension is a double wishbone structure exclusive to luxury cars, which can better restrain the roll and control the corners steadily. The rear suspension is a multi-link structure, which has good shock absorption, can absorb the vibration caused by uneven roads and improve the ride comfort.

Li ONE is a little more expensive than AITO M5, but the chassis material is not as kind as AITO M5. Although there are some aluminum alloy components, the application scope is not wide enough. In terms of suspension, Li ONE’s front suspension is a common McPherson style, which is simple in structure, small in size and more easily accepted by manufacturers. However, the curve limit is not as high as that of the double wishbone, and the rear suspension is also a multi-link structure, so the comfort is guaranteed.

As two representative players in the field of extended-range electric vehicles, both the M5 and Li ONE of AITO have good comprehensive strength, which meets the diversified car demand of users. In terms of the comprehensive cruising range, acceleration performance and chassis specifications, the performance of AITO Jiejie M5 is even better. Considering that its price is also lower than that of Li ONE, AITO Jiejie M5 is more worthy of consumers’ choice based on the car purchase concept of "spending less money to buy a better experience".

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 16th Question: What does Chinese modernization mean to the world?

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Modernization, as a remarkable symbol of the development and progress of human civilization, is the goal that China people have been striving for since modern times.

　　Looking back at history, it took China several decades to complete the industrialization process that the western developed countries had gone through for hundreds of years, and created a turning point in the fate of the Chinese nation from sinking to rising, from suffering to glory.

　　Facts speak louder than words. the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of China out of a new road of Chinese modernization and created and will continue to create miracles in the history of human development. This miracle is not only China’s, but also the world’s, and will bring many positive and far-reaching influences to the world.

　　Rewrite the modern world map

　　In today’s world, the total population of industrialized developed countries and regions is less than 1 billion. Chinese-style modernization will bring more than 1.4 billion people into a modern society as a whole. China’s "amazing leap" in modernization exceeds the sum of the existing developed countries, which will completely rewrite the world map of modernization.

　　China’s total economic output jumped from 367.9 billion yuan in 1978 to 121 trillion yuan in 2022, ranking second in the world. In addition, the manufacturing scale and foreign exchange reserves rank first in the world, the total trade volume of goods ranks first in the world, and attracting foreign investment and foreign investment ranks first in the world … … China’s impressive economic development achievements are accelerating the eastward shift of the center of gravity of the world economy.

　　As one of the scholars who first put forward the concept of "globalization" in the West, Albrau, a well-known British sociologist, said that from the perspective of population size and development speed, Chinese modernization "may be the greatest progress made by any country in history".

　　Chinese-style modernization has also given the modern world map a new background of common prosperity. Since the reform and opening up, 770 million rural poor people in China have been lifted out of poverty, accounting for more than 70% of the global poverty reduction population in the same period. China achieved the poverty reduction goal of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule. UN Secretary-General Guterres praised "China is the country that has made the greatest contribution to global poverty reduction".

　　In the view of Pakhin Balakul, president of Thailand-China Cultural and Economic Association, former president of the National Assembly and former deputy prime minister, attaching importance to people’s well-being is a significant connotation of Chinese modernization. "China has made outstanding achievements in reducing poverty and promoting the development of underdeveloped areas, and the people’s living standards have been significantly improved." Bochin said, "This is an unprecedented great development model, dedicated to making everyone live a good life."

　　Inject surging momentum into world development

　　In recent ten years, China’s average economic growth rate is 6.6%, ranking among the leading economies in the world, and China’s average contribution rate to world economic growth exceeds 30%. China’s economy has recently overcome the unexpected challenges, maintained its growth momentum, contributed stability and certainty to the development of the world economy, and become the main power source and stabilizer of the world economic growth.

　　Joseph Matthews, a senior professor at Bertai International University, believes that as the second largest economy in the world, China’s modernization has brought positive changes to the cooperation and development of all countries in the world and promoted multilateralism and economic globalization. China advocates interconnection, inclusive development and promotes the construction of Community of Shared Future for Mankind. Chinese modernization has made important contributions to regional growth and stability.

　　The "the belt and road initiative" initiative, which will celebrate its 10th anniversary this year, has become a distinctive symbol of China’s high-level opening-up and modernization. From 2013 to 2022, the trade volume of goods between China and countries along the "the belt and road initiative" increased from 1.04 trillion US dollars to 2.07 trillion US dollars, with an average annual growth rate of 8%. In the past 10 years, "the belt and road initiative" has become a popular international public product, which has injected surging momentum into promoting the common development of the world.

　　Yasiru Ranaraja, a Sri Lankan expert who has been studying "the belt and road initiative" for a long time, took his country as an example and said that Sri Lanka has been lagging behind in infrastructure construction for a long time. China has helped Sri Lanka to build highways, ports and other infrastructure in various ways, which has promoted the overall development of local economy and society. China has gained advanced technological advantages in the process of modernization. By building a "the belt and road initiative", these technologies will benefit countries along the route.

　　In the process of China’s modernization, material civilization and spiritual civilization complement each other and work together to lead the world’s development towards a more comprehensive and balanced direction. Chen Gang, assistant director of the Institute of East Asian Studies at the National University of Singapore, pointed out that the level of economic development is an important indicator to measure the process of modernization, and it is not only the modernization of material civilization that occupies an important position in the blueprint of Chinese modernization, but also spiritual civilization that should develop in harmony with it, so as to realize "all-round enrichment of things and all-round development of people", which has important reference significance for the development of other countries.

　　Provide new options for human modernization.

　　Chinese-style modernization has broken the myth of "modernization equals westernization", opened up a modernization road that belongs to China but has world significance, and provided a Chinese plan for human beings to explore a better social system. Looking back on the course of exploration, independence, people first, peaceful development, openness and tolerance, and United struggle … … The modernization "keywords" condense the development wisdom of China people, and bring important enlightenment to all countries in the world, especially developing countries.

　　"Although the concept of modernization originated in the West, looking at the world, many countries are not taking the road of modernization as a whole, but retaining their own characteristics in social and political systems while making reference to the material level." Chen Gang said, "Modernization has never been a simple Westernization. Chinese-style modernization has provided new ideas for the international community, especially developing countries, to promote modernization."

　　Chinese-style modernization works because it is based on China, rooted in China culture and conforms to the reality of China.

　　"The practice in China proves that whether a country’s development path is correct depends on whether it conforms to its national conditions and conforms to the development trend of the times." Yershan Setov, a researcher at the Kazakhstan Institute of World Economics and Politics, said.

　　Kenyan international scholar Cavens Adehill constantly ponders the green driving force of China’s development: "‘ Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets ’ The concept and practice have truly grasped the essence of environmental protection and are of great significance to promoting the sustainable development of mankind in the future. "

　　Huang Weixiong, Dean of New Zealand Business School, believes that China adheres to the path of peaceful development, promotes multilateralism and promotes the construction of Community of Shared Future for Mankind. "Chinese-style modernization has increased confidence for more developing countries to explore their own modernization road independently. Every step of Chinese modernization will have a worldwide impact and will play a positive role in building new international relations and improving global governance. "

　　… …

　　Plan profit when you plan the world. Under the guidance of the concept of building Community of Shared Future for Mankind, China has always held high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, and continuously benefited itself and the world with its modernization achievements.

　　China is China of the world, and the development of China is closely linked with the world. China in the future will embrace the world with a more open and inclusive attitude, Chinese modernization will bring more opportunities and enlightenment to global development and prosperity, and China will join hands with the world to create a greater miracle of human development. (Note holder: Wang Yu; Participating reporters: Li Hualing, Zhang Jiye, Cai Shuya, Li, Wu Changwei, Che Hongliang, Song Yu, Lu Huaiqian, Du Fu, Adrian Xu)

Source: People’s Daily Online-Viewpoint Channel Original Draft

On November 17th, in the second round of the 2022 Chinese Football Association Cup, the Chinese champion team Jingchuan Wenhui eliminated the Chinese Super League team Beijing Guoan 7:5 in a penalty shootout and advanced to the top 16. This game surprised many people. Losing to a semi-professional team as a traditional strong team in the Super League may be caused by various reasons, but it also made many people know more about the current situation of football in China and look forward to the development of grass-roots football.

The FA Cup is an independent knockout cup outside the football league in China, and it is also the only opportunity for low-level teams and high-level teams to compete together. Jingchuan Wenhui eliminated Beijing Guoan from penalty. Although there were accidental factors, from the process of 2:2 draw in regular time, the strength of the two teams was close, and Jingchuan Wenhui team even got the upper hand slightly. Two goals were remarkable. The players on the field were thunderous, calm and confident, and had a degree of attack and defense. In a game in which the strength is very different and there is no suspense, the audience felt the long-lost charm of competitive football.

Aside from the mobilization, cohesion and team fighting capacity before the game, we can find details that are easily covered up by victory from the voice of the head of Jingchuan Wenhui after the game. Jingchuan Wenhui said that the main reason for winning the game was that the opponent was negligent and could not use foreign aid. He attributed the opponent’s defeat to accidental factors and external uncontrollable rules. Compared with the simple ceremony of "accepting and accepting", he was polite, modest and humble, which was quite the bearing and pattern of Chinese traditional culture. Brutalizing its physique, civilizing its spirit, an unexpected game, let us see the momentum and indomitable feelings of grassroots football.

Football is round. The competitive characteristics and rules of the game make football not only have the integrity, antagonism and appreciation shared by collective ball games, but also have the variability of technical and tactical coordination and the contingency of game results.

"The prime minister must start from the state department, and the fierce generals must be sent to the pawn." According to the results of post-match interviews and data disclosure, there are 152 players in Jingchuan Wenhui Football Club, more than 70 of whom are local doctors, policemen, teachers and other amateurs from all walks of life, and 40% of the players participating in the FA Cup are semi-professional players. Jingchuan Wenhui Club is integrated with Beihai Jichi Club, co-built and shared with Jingchuan County key amateur sports schools, and has a champion team, an U19 echelon, an U17 echelon and an amateur team, which reflects the effectiveness of Jingchuan County Football Association reform. The development of grass-roots football in Jingchuan presents a good trend, which is not only the component of football professionalization reform, but also supported by the three-level training network of competitive sports national system, and the association, sports school and club cooperate and form a joint force. The deepening reform and practice of county-level individual associations, the development of county-level football clubs and the modernization process of amateur sports schools are all key and difficult points in the construction of a strong sports country and the development of grass-roots sports organizations. For the government and an effective market, it may be the internal logic of the wonderful performance of this grassroots counterattack.

If the road is long, the line will come, but it is difficult and more brave. We expect the society to pay more attention and support to grass-roots football, and we expect that the sports lifestyle with football as the carrier can meet the needs of more people for a better life!

During the usual fishing, lead pendants are on the sub -line and eight -character ring, that is, the position of the leading leather seat of the pendant fishing. However, the water love is different, and the method of fishing for fishing must be changed. The reason why the master caught more than you is actually not much secret. The key is a "change" word. What fishing method never uses, nor is it obsessed with single lead or double lead, or some magical bait. For example, in order to increase the fishing nature of fish, we will move the lead, increase the length of the sub -line in disguise, and make the sub -line swinging the amplitude larger. Have time to eat bait.

Good people will have a heart of Barna Haichuan, can tolerate, tolerate, allow it, and help. Good people will have good thoughts. When they see others in trouble, they will reach out to help; when they see the weak are bullied, they will come forward. Good people always think too much for others. If you encounter something, you will think about it. I would rather lose myself, be aggrieved, and do not go to win or lose with others. Kind people, because they are not afraid of suffering, they will not suffer. There will be cause and effect in the world. Good and evil God will judge that you will pay back you will double you in the future. Good people, we, we must learn to understand the change of red dust, to understand calmness all the way; we, we must learn to forgive the imperfections of life, cherish, treat them well

In addition, in order to prevent the small fish from making a nest or a large flow of water, lead pendants are usually increased, and the space beans with fixed lead pendants are opened, which is what we often call fishing and running. Let the bait to the end quickly and use the stability of the large lead to reduce the effect of water flow on float. Through the above two examples, we will find a very interesting thing: it seems that there can be fishing anywhere in the online group, the position of the lead pendant is different, and the effect is different.

This is only the usage of single -lead pendants. In fact, in actual fishing, double -lead or even more lead fishing methods will be used many times. For example, when we fishing and running lead, although the weight of the lead pendant is greater than the buoyant of the float, the lead pendant itself has the entire buoyancy of the float. state. At this time, we must not only bear the buoyancy of the float, but also overcome the rubbing of the lead and the friction of the line group and the lead. The fishing is too blunt.

But at this time, if a double lead pendant, that is, two lead pendants are installed on the main line. First, use the lead pendant above to drift normally, such as adjusting 3 meters. Then use the lead pendant to run for lead. At this time, the lead pendant can only be exposed with a burden, which can be ignored, so the lead pendant will lie flat at the bottom of the water, but it is similar to the anchor -like fixation. effect. The line group can also slide easily in the lead leather seat, and the fish can swallow the bait into the mouth with only smaller strength, which will be much more sensitive than a single large lead pendant fishing and running lead.

In addition, if there is a sauce layer at the bottom of the water, we usually raise the fishing low. In order to prevent the bait from getting into the mud, we will also adjust the proportion of the bait very lightly. However, there will be a problem at this time, and there is no way to push the floats into the water when the double -hook bait hangs. For example, if we adjust the 6 meters, we will be exposed to the water surface after hanging the double bait. But at this time, what should I do if I want to get a bait suspended and the bottom of the bait? It is very simple. You can install a bite on the lower hook. This lead pendant does not need to consider the weight at all. The purpose is to let the lower hook bottom. However, at this time, the hook is still suspended. In this case, there is no need to consider the problem of drift. Fishing 1 or 2 mesh, the state of the bait in the bottom of the water must be a hook suspended and the bottom.

Even if you fish normally in the static waters, you can use double lead. For example, put a small lead pendant under the floating feet, so that the float can be quickly turned over. Make floating drift easier to find signals and positioning fishing points. However, when using a multi -lead pendant, you must consider the leading weight when bleaching, and you cannot interfere with the role of other lead pendants. The general principle is that whether it is a single lead or a double -lead pendant, it is adjusted according to the water and fish feelings. Don’t think that the double lead is tall, and the single lead will be out of date, otherwise it will be counterproductive.

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