Winter Landscape
In winter, the sky and the earth are sparse and the color is thousands of miles.
Farming is off, and everything is collected.
And at this point,
Some scenery is in the cold
Ushered in the most extreme appearance of the year.
Let’s take a look at the landscape that can only be seen in winter.
Don’t miss this winter gift for us.
The picture is from chinese national geography, February 2008.
winter
The time of year when the sun’s heat energy is the least.
Due to the lack of sufficient light and heat energy in the northern hemisphere
The air in high latitudes is cooled, sunk and accumulated in large quantities.
Finally, a cold wave formed and poured south.
The cold air that affects our country mainly originates from
Arctic Ocean near Xindi Island in northwest Russia
The cold wave is strong and the temperature drops rapidly.
So China has the coldest winter at the same latitude in the world.
But the cold in winter
It also brings a different kind of beauty.
01
Ice bubble lake, frozen makeup of lake
brumalSayram Lake
Lake ice is crystal blue.
After the gale, the lake was as smooth as a mirror without impurities.
Rich bubbles are embedded in the ice at random.
It’s like floating in blue air
Dreamy
When the temperature drops sharply, the lake will freeze.
But not all frozen lakes can have ice bubble landscape.
There are two basic conditions.
One is to have a source that can release gas in water.
Second, the local temperature of the lake dropped rapidly below freezing point.
In other words, it is the speed of freezing.
Faster than the bubble at the bottom of the lake rushing to the surface.
So that bubbles can be "locked" in the ice.
Xinjiang Sailimu Lake
Although in normal life,
We can occasionally be in ponds and lakes.
Found scattered small groups of ice bubbles
But the quantity is too small, and the ornamental value is poor.
Therefore, lakes that can be called "ice bubble lakes" are quite rare.
02
immense forest and snowfield
The forest is like a treasure house.
There are different charms all year round.
In spring, there are lush forests.
There are bursts of Lin Tao in summer.
Autumn is colorful.
In winter, it’s wrapped in silver.
There should be snow when enjoying the forest in winter.
Vast snowflakes are like white gauze.
Cover the castle peak, cage the forest and cover Yuan Ye.
Prosperity is gone, all is silent, and the world is clear.
Daxinganling forest region
Accord to that main results of the sixth national inventory of for resources
The national forest area is 174.9092 million hm.
The forest coverage rate is 18.21%
The total accumulation of standing trees is 13.618 billion m.
The forest accumulation is 12.456 billion m.
China’s forest area accounts for 4.5% of the world, ranking fifth.
Forest stock accounts for 3.2%, ranking sixth.
They are distributed in
Figure from the government network of the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau
As can be seen from this picture.
The distribution of forest resources in China is uneven.
If you want to see the forest after the snow
You can go and see
Picea schrenkiana forest in Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang
Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province
Larix gmelinii forest in northern Daxinganling
……
Inner Mongolia aershan
03
Frozen of the sea.
Frozen sea
beBohai SeaAnother magnificence of
Another kind of bearing and charm
The blue sea turned into endless white.
The surging waves are replaced by boundless solidification.
Even the endless sound of the waves seems to be frozen.
Bohai Sea is an inland sea area with shallow water depth.
Less affected by the open sea, the salinity of seawater is relatively low.
Under the influence of Siberian cold air in winter
A large area of sea ice can be formed.
here is
A large frozen sea area with the lowest latitude in the northern hemisphere
Hebei Qinhuangdao Beidaihe
Every year from the end of November to the beginning of March.
The long coastline turned into an ice sculpture museum.
They come in all shapes and shapes.
Some edges form a circle of protrusions.
Like ice trays of different sizes.
It is like a lotus leaf on the sea.
Others pile up and crowd together.
Like thousand-layer cakes and small houses.
Unlike ice and snow on land,
The ocean in winter not only has static beauty.
And the dynamic beauty of braving the wind and waves
Sea ice controls the ebb and flow of the tides every day.
Dragon-like currents and strong sea breezes
Not only can an endless frozen ice sheet be formed along the coast
It can also be transformed into a "Nezha" that makes trouble in the sea.
Therefore, sea ice is not only a magical natural landscape.
It is a dangerous disaster for fishermen and sailors.
But with more and more research on seawater desalination.
Sea ice with much lower salt content than seawater.
It can also be a godsend resource.
Liaoning Dalian Bohai Bay
04
A Song of Ice and Fire
The red layer can be said to be the "reddest" scenery in China.
The warm colors of red and yellow are so magnificent and gorgeous.
Make a deep impression on people
Red beds refer to red continental sedimentary rocks.
Mainly composed of sandstone, siltstone and shale.
It’s a kind of stratum
Most scholars believe that
The red in the red layer is mainly
Color of high valence iron ions such as ferric hydroxide or ferric oxide.
Snow falling red layer
Light and elegant white
To the earth like hongxia.
Blend a touch of dreamy and mysterious color
More gentle and lovely than usual.
Gansu Zhangye Pingshan Lake
When the red layer emerges from the ground,
It can form Danxia, Caiqiu, Yadan and other landforms.
But red beds can form a rich landscape,
The scale is far greater than this.
There are also red-bed canyons, red-bed mountains and red-bed hills.
Are extremely ornamental.
In China, the red beds are widely distributed.
According to the distribution characteristics and formation background of red beds in China
Can be divided into
East, Central, Northwest and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Four red beds distribution areas
Four major red beds in China
(Photo from chinese national geography, May 2020)
05
Rime, Qionghua Yushu
Water vapor and fog drops below zero.
Cannot freeze because the attached condensation nucleus cannot be found.
Until you encounter an object that is also below the freezing temperature.
Such as branches
It quickly condenses into ice crystals.
These ice crystals became the attachment of later fog drops.
Layer by layer
Fog droplets lightly attach to ice crystals to form new ice crystals.
Opaque ice crystals cluster together.
From a distance, it looks like countless white flowers on the branches.
This is the rime.
It is neither ice nor snow.
Jilin rime island
There are few trees in the world.
Rime-formingHarsh conditions
It requires both cold and long winters
It also requires sufficient water vapor in the air.
In addition, it is required that
It’s sunny in partly cloudy, and it’s still or the wind speed is very small
To gather these important and contradictory natural conditions.
It’s really rare
So, where to see the rime?
Schematic diagram of main rime and rime viewing places in China.
(The picture is from chinese national geography in December 2012)
06
Snow mushroom, snow steamed bread
Carex tatou swamp
beSanjiang plainOne of the typical wetland types
It is also a unique swamp wetland landscape.
Tartary grass is a kind of Carex with developed root system.
Its body can grow again after decay.
And then rot and grow again.
Life and death, constant reincarnation
And it has been entangled with marl charcoal for many years.
After many cycles, the tower-shaped grass piers were formed.
In summer, it is an oasis.
But in winter, after a heavy snowfall,
Carex on the tower head is covered with thick snow.
Form a small snow pile
From a distance, it seems that the snow is full.
Lovely snow mushrooms, snow steamed bread
Heilongjiang Sanjiang Wetland
This chubby snow steamed bread
existAltay in XinjiangYou can also see
Irtysh River, Crane River, Brzin River, Xiaodonggou, etc.
They are all big "steaming drawers" of "snow steamed bread"
The snow steamed bread here has a large area and many varieties.
But you can only watch, but you can’t eat, which makes people greedy.
Xinjiang Altay Kanas River
07
Pink nitrate flower
In winter, the solubility decreases with the temperature.
A large amount of mirabilite (sodium sulfate) in Yuncheng Salt Lake, Shanxi Province
Will crystallize and separate out, forming "nitrate flower" exposed to the water.
Spread the lake thickly.
Nitraria is not only diverse in shape, but also rich in color.
Generally, a single mirabilite crystal is translucent, just like a crystal.
When they crystallize,
Many fine crystals are gathered together.
Affect the overall brightness.
It looks pale.
However, when the seasonal temperature difference is large and the salinity of the lake changes a lot
Dunaliella salina, a halophilic algae in salt lake
Will accumulate carotenoids.
Make the cells appear orange or red, and dye the lake red.
So when mirabilite crystallizes in winter,
The crystals containing Dunaliella salina will appear pink.
Shanxi Yuncheng
08
Cold night lamp post
In the cold night of winter in the far north of China
Sometimes there will be colored light beams standing between heaven and earth.
Like a sci-fi blockbuster
This phenomenon is called "cold night lamp post"
On the premise of calm weather
By a large number of ice crystals floating horizontally in the atmosphere
Formed by reflected light
According to the records in recent years
Genhe city and Xilinhot in northern Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.
It is the three holy places where lamp posts are most easily seen in winter in China.
“Winter has its purpose, and cold is like a flower.-Flowers have fragrance, and winter has memories. "
Winter is long in the north, which is the characteristic of winter in China.
North of the Great Wall and Tianshan Mountains, the winter is longer than half a year.
The northern part of Daxinganling is even as long as nine months.
Even in Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan.
Winter is also about 4 months long.
but
Whether it’s the glittering and translucent snow falling all over the branches
Or the majestic vastness of Yunyuan?
Or the grandeur of ups and downs
The beauty of winter scenery
Never inferior to spring, summer and autumn.
References:
See the ice in Bohai Sea in winter, Liaoning and the "Frozen" of the ocean.
Chinese national geography, January 2020
Looking for the "Ice Bubble Lake" in China, who painted the "frozen makeup" of the lake?
Chinese national geography, December 2017
The salt lake blooms with flowers.
Natural History, June 2017
Reprinted from | chinese national geography Tuyuan | vision china
Offshore forecast for the next two days
It is expected that tomorrow,
The Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea have light waves of 0.6 to 1.2 meters;
There are 1 to 1.5 meters of light waves to medium waves in the northern part of the East China Sea;
There are 2 to 2.8 meters of medium waves to large waves in the southern part of the East China Sea, the waters near Diaoyu Island, the Taiwan Province Strait, the east of Taiwan Province and bashi channel;
There are 2 to 3 meters of medium waves to large waves in the northern and western parts of the South China Sea;
There are 1.5-2 meters medium wave areas in the east and south of the South China Sea;
There are 0.7 to 1.3 meters of light waves to medium waves in Beibu Gulf.
It is expected that the day after tomorrow,
The southern part of the East China Sea, the waters near Diaoyu Island, the Taiwan Province Strait, the South China Sea, the east of Taiwan Province, and the big wave areas in bashi channel weakened and disappeared.
Numerical Forecast of Waves in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 9 to 13 December
Tips for tomorrow’s coastal travel
01
Sea conditions in coastal waters
It is expected that tomorrow,
There are medium waves in Pingtan sea area, which is not suitable for coastal leisure and sightseeing activities because of the strong wind on the sea surface.
Xiamen, Haikou and Sanya have medium waves and excellent sea conditions, which are suitable for coastal leisure and sightseeing activities.
Other major coastal waters in China are light waves, which are suitable for coastal leisure and sightseeing.
China’s main coastal waters include:
I Dalian; Ⅱ Tianjin; Ⅲ Qingdao; ⅳ Lianyungang; ⅴ Shanghai; ⅵ Zhoushan; ⅶ Pingtan; Ⅷ Xiamen; ⅸ Shenzhen; X. North Sea; Ⅶ Haikou; Sanya.
02
Sea conditions of main routes
It is expected that tomorrow,
There are big waves on the route from Sanya to Xisha North Reef, and the boat comfort is Grade III. Please prepare seasickness medicine in advance.
There are medium waves on the routes from Haikou to Beihai, Xiamen to Jinmen and Haikou to Hai ‘an, and the comfort of taking a boat is Grade II, which is suitable for traveling by boat.
The comfort of other major tourist routes in China is Grade I, which is very suitable for traveling by boat.
The main travel routes in China include:
① Dalian-Yantai; ② Shanghai-Putuo Mountain; ③ Haikou-Beihai; (4) Xiamen-Jinmen; ⑤ Shenzhen-Zhuhai; ⑥ Haikou-Hai ‘an; ⑦ Sanya-Xisha North Reef route.
Comfort by boat is divided into five levels:
Level 1: the sea surface is excellent, which is very suitable for traveling by boat;
Grade II: The sea surface is in good condition, suitable for traveling by boat;
Level 3: The sea surface is in good condition, which is more suitable for traveling by boat;
Level 4: the sea surface condition is poor, which is basically suitable for traveling by boat;
Level 5: The swell is too big to travel by boat.
03
Sea conditions of beautiful island waters
It is expected that tomorrow,
There are 2.5-2.6 meters big waves in the waters around Diaoyu Island, East Island, Fenjiezhou Island, wuzhizhou and Yongxing Island.There is a 2.3-meter medium wave in the waters near Pingtan Island.Shangdao islandNot suitable for traveling by boat;
Nanji island, yushan island, sandu island, Meizhou Island, Dongshan Island, Nan ‘ao Island, Wanshan Islands, Chuanshan Islands, Hailing Island, Nansan Island, Huangyan Island and Yongshu Reef have medium waves of 1.8-2 meters.The sea area near Dachen Island, Yuhuan Island and Dongtou Island is 1.6.In the waves of rice,These islandsIt is more suitable for traveling and playing by boat;
The waters near other beautiful islands in China are light waves and the sea conditions are good, which is very suitable for boat trips and island tours.
Beautiful islands refer to the following 35 islands:
Juehua Island, Changshan Islands, Bodhi Island, Long Island, Liu Gongdao, Lingshan Island, Qinshan Island, Liandao Island, Chongming Island, Shengsi Islands, Daishan Island, Dongji Island, Putuo Mountain, Dachen Island, Jade Island, Dongtou Island, nanji island, yushan island, sandu island, Pingtan Island, Meizhou Island, Dongshan Island, Diaoyu Island, Nan ‘ao Island, Wantou Island.
(The photo in the above picture is from the Internet.)
