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Three years after the breakup of Song Dynasty, Song Hye Kyo finally came out for business.

I got to know Song Hye Kyo because of the drama Blue Life and Death Love, and I gradually began to pay attention to Korean dramas.

Later, Song Hye Kyo starred in "Romantic Room Full", which made me like her more.

In January 2016, as soon as the TV series "Descendants of the Sun" starring Song Joong Ki and Song Hye Kyo was broadcast, the whole network began to expect them to continue their love in the TV series into reality.

After all, the love in this drama is too sweet, and the CP of Shuangsong is also particularly eye-catching.

Every time Qiao Mei shoots a drama, the hero will fall in love with her. She is the reaper of the male god of Korean drama, and all kinds of black materials are constantly flowing.

However, I have never seen her reply to those who blackened her, let alone give any explanation.

When I learned about Song Hye Kyo’s life experience, I couldn’t help feeling a little pity for her. While admiring her accomplishment, I began to understand why she was a lover.

Maybe Qiao Mei was too emotional when he was filming, and he had a good relationship with the hero after work.

As a result, this girl, who grew up in a single-parent family and is very insecure, can easily confuse acting with real love.

When every play comes to an end, if she doesn’t draw a line with the hero in time.

Those pervasive entertainment records regard her association with the hero as a so-called love affair.

However, in my opinion, Qiao Mei’s parents broke up long ago, and she was raised by her mother alone.

Girls who have never enjoyed their father’s love are in great need of love in their hearts, which is also a sign of insecurity.

Qiao Mei can’t tell acting from reality, except that she is too involved in acting, which is also related to her being easily brought into the plot.

In reality, there are many innocent girls. It is easy to be moved to tears by the love in film and television dramas, and it is easy to mistakenly think that I will meet such a prince charming.

So even if Qiao Mei is really in love with the hero, I don’t think she is easy virtue, who likes everyone.

Shortly after the filming of Descendants of the Sun, Song Joong Ki told the entertainment of the interview.

A few years ago, when he visited his friend Zo In Sung’s crew, he met Qiao Mei in the theater and fell in love with her at first sight.

Song Joong Ki has a crush on Qiao Mei for a long time. This time, seeing that the heroine is Song Hye Kyo, he agreed to take part in the play without any hesitation, and joked that the crew would give him more passionate kisses.

Isn’t this a proper way to chase Qiao Mei through the plot?

When seeing such a plot, the audience who eat melons must be sweetened.

Song Joong Ki trumpeted his love for Qiao Mei, while constantly flirting with Qiao Mei.

Therefore, when the entertainment recorded the photos of Shuangsong’s holiday in Bali together, it proved the news of Shuangsong’s love.

The fans immediately boiled and excitedly waited for the official announcement of the Double Song Dynasty.

As a result, when Shuangsong came back from a holiday in Bali, it was really official.

On January 30, 2017, Song Joong Ki and Song Hye Kyo got married in Seoul, and almost invited the stars of half of the entertainment circles in Asia to congratulate them and feed the audience a full wave of dog food.

However, after less than two years. At the beginning of 2023, it was reported that there seemed to be something wrong with Shuangsong’s feelings.

But most people don’t take it to heart. There are too many things that stars are broken up these days. As long as the parties don’t talk, it’s probably not true.

However, in January of this year, Song Joong Ki suddenly filed a mediation divorce with foreign judicial bureaus.

There is also a legend that in the marriage of foreigners, only the innocent party can ask for a breakup.

Song Joong Ki even threatened Song Hye Kyo with malicious words, and if she dared to talk, he would make her prostrate.

When this news came, people who like Song Joong Ki and Song Hye Kyo began to gossip, wondering what happened between the two Song Dynasties.

On January 22, 2023, Song Joong Ki and Song Hye Kyo successively issued statements announcing their formal separation.

Song Hye Kyo was very gentle in the breakup statement, only writing a few words of personality disagreement.

And Song Joong Ki in the whole process of breaking up, is particularly frustrated, completely lost the past demeanor.

He invited the construction team afterwards to tear down the wedding room he bought.

Song Hye Kyo then sold the villa where they once lived.

Like any previous relationship, Qiao Mei didn’t tear each other up with Song Joong Ki, and kept silent about the online saying that she was at fault.

Endure all grievances and wait for things to calm down. Qiao Mei has always been like this.

After only two years of marriage, how much hatred Shuangsong has accumulated!

Break up and see character. What are the personalities of both sides from the breakup of Shuangsong? It’s up to the audience to make up for it.

Compared with Qiao Mei’s austere adolescence, Song Joong Ki was much happier.

He was born in a wealthy and happy merchant’s family, and his family members were closely related.

He was an athlete in middle school, got excellent grades in high school and was admitted to Sungkyunkwan University, which is equivalent to 985 University in China.

In 2008, Song Joong Ki was selected by the costume movie Frost Flower Shop for his handsome appearance.

In 2012, he participated in "Wolf Boy", which earned him the nomination for best male actor.

At the time of the fire in Song Joong Ki, he volunteered for military service and asked to go to the most dangerous north-south border to defend the border.

When I came back from military service, I collaborated with Song Hye Kyo on the TV series Descendants of the Sun.

If we only look at Song Joong Ki’s growth experience, it is undoubtedly perfect. Qiao Mei even feels like Cinderella in front of him.

Fortunately, this Cinderella’s ability to make money can completely surpass that of the prince, so her family background will not be a drag.

Perhaps, the different growth environment leads to the disagreement between the three views, which makes it impossible to save this marriage.

Regrettably, what is the reason for the two to turn against each other so thoroughly? One can’t help wondering, did Song Joong Ki really love Song Hye Kyo?

After two years of marriage, Lao Yan finally parted ways, and from then on, she broke off her righteousness. Bridge to bridge, road to road, probably no one wants to look at anyone again.

In those days, it was love at first sight, unrequited love for many years, asking for a kiss, and all kinds of show love, which undoubtedly became a big joke in public.

In fact, regarding the breakup, no matter who meets it, there is no winning or losing.

As long as it is divorced, even if you don’t lose money, you lose time and energy.

What’s more, in the Song Dynasty, a man personally destroyed the wedding room and sold his former love nest at a low price, which not only lost his property, but also hurt his heart.

It took Qiao Mei three years to get out of the shadow of breaking up, and now he is out of business, which is proof that he is badly hurt.

I am Weimeng, discussing my favorite stars with you.

Welcome comments, likes and concerns. . .

Editor in charge:

Video source: China Historical Research Institute official Weibo

CCTV News:Today is the 84th anniversary of the July 7th Incident. Eighty-four years ago today, the fire of Lugouqiao opened the prelude to the all-round anti-Japanese war of the Chinese nation. This war brought unprecedented disasters to the Chinese nation, and at the same time inspired the people of China to fully awaken and fight tenaciously. After arduous struggle, the people of China won the great victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and declared the complete victory of the world anti-fascist war. Living in peaceful years, the motherland and the people will never forget those revolutionary heroes who died in the anti-Japanese battlefield.

Never forget history and cherish peace. In the past few days, various units have organized various forms of commemorative activities to encourage officers and men not to forget national humiliation, remember their duties and missions, and work hard for strengthening and rejuvenating the army.

Remember the history, sacrifice the soul of the British, forget the national humiliation and strive for self-improvement

At ten o’clock in the morning, a brigade of the 82nd Army stationed at the foot of Yanshan Mountain sounded an air defense alarm and organized officers and men to observe a moment of silence for the revolutionary martyrs who died heroically in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Subsequently, the officers and men carried out educational activities such as revisiting the oath of joining the party and visiting the special exhibition of the "July 7 Incident". Everyone has said that we should remember history, work hard, focus on the goal of strengthening the army, and devote ourselves to the practice of strengthening the army.

Bearing in mind the history of being prepared for danger in times of peace, all staff are fully equipped for combat readiness and pull drills.

A synthetic brigade of the 78th Army of the Army organized officers and men to cherish the memory of the revolutionary martyrs in various forms, and encouraged officers and men to commit themselves to the military camp and strengthen the army. In addition, in order to further enhance the sense of urgency of officers and men in times of peace, this brigade also organized a full-scale combat readiness drill.

Sit tight and keep fighting posture at all times.

On the 7th, a coastal defense company of the Army in the northern theater organized officers and men to carry out a series of activities to commemorate the 84th anniversary of the July 7th Incident, so that the officers and men could remember history and national humiliation, and stimulate their enthusiasm for training in the practice of strengthening the army. In the camp, a "wall of history" composed of eight marbles records that western powers invaded China from here seven times. This humiliating historical moment reminds the officers and men stationed on the island not to forget the danger, and they are waiting for it. Since being ordered to be stationed on the island in 1951, the officers and men of the post have always maintained a fighting posture, and they have never relaxed in training and preparing for war.

Bearing in mind the history, Do not forget your initiative mind made contributions to the border crossing.

With the air defense warning, officers and men of a frontier defense regiment in Xinjiang Military Region lined up neatly in front of the martyrs monument to commemorate the revolutionary martyrs who died in the Anti-Japanese War through a silent ceremony. After the ceremony, the officers and men went to the Martyrs Memorial Hall to visit and study. Everyone has said that they should not forget their initial intentions, actively participate in the practice of strengthening the army, and make contributions to the frontier.

Keep in mind the history, build a strong army and strengthen the army.

The officers and men of the Hubei Armed Police Corps duty detachment came to the memorial hall of the former site of the Eighth Route Army Office in Wuhan to review the revolutionary ancestors’ prosperous years. The officers and men have said that they should remember this bloody history and build a firm belief in strengthening the army and rejuvenating the army.

On June 6th, Guangzhou Automobile Toyota’s new car, the 2024 Toyota Willanda high-performance version, was launched. The new car is available in three models with a price of 267,800-301,800 yuan. As an annual modified model, the appearance and interior design of the new car remain unchanged, and the number and name of the car models remain unchanged; The whole system is equipped with a model price increase of 1000 yuan, and a 10-inch HUD head-up display system is added to the whole system.

In addition, the 2024 Toyota Willanda High Performance Edition continues to be equipped with a 2.5L plug-in hybrid system, in which the comprehensive power of the two-wheel drive version is 192kW, the comprehensive power of the four-wheel drive version is 222kW, and the pure electric cruising range of WLTC is 78 km (two-wheel drive version) and 73 km (four-wheel drive version).

The picture is as follows:2023 GAC ToyotaWilanda high performance edition 2.5L four-wheel drive engine version

The 2024 Toyota Willanda High Performance Edition offers three models, namely: 2.5L two-wheel drive engine version, 2.5L four-wheel drive engine version and 2.5L four-wheel drive engine version, and the price is 26.78-301,800 yuan.

In the design part, the front face of the new car continues to use a blackened air intake grille similar to trapezoidal shape (withActive closed system), while the adaptive headlight group remains unchanged. In addition, LED daytime running lights+blackened decorative plates are arranged at the left and right sides of the front enclosure, and blackened+penetrating chrome-plated parts are also arranged at the bottom of the front lip to enhance the visual layering and dynamic properties of the front face.

2024 Toyota Willanda High Performance EditionIts body size is 4665*1855*1690mm, and its wheelbase is 2690mm, so it is a compact SUV.

At the same time, the 2.5L two-wheel drive engine version was used.18-inch two-color wheel hub (225/60 R18), 2.5l four-wheel drive engine version and 2.5L four-wheel drive engine version are used.19-inch bicolor (235/55 R19).

In addition, the new car comes standard with six monochrome car paints (platinum pearl white, black crystal, opal silver, black jade, titanium silver, Yaodong red); And 2.5l Four-wheel Drive Engine Edition and 2.5L Four-wheel Drive Engine Edition also offer 4 kinds of two-color car paints (Platinum pearl white and black, opal silver and black, titanium silver and black, dazzling red and black.）。

In the rear part of the new car, the left and right independent C-shaped taillights are used, and a spoiler+high-position brake light is also equipped above the rear windshield. In addition, the bottom of the rear enclosure is added with black decorative parts and two exhaust systems on both sides, and the overall design echoes the front face, further increasing the sporty atmosphere of the whole vehicle.

In the interior design part, the center console area of the new car is equipped with a three-position steering wheel, a 12.3-inch LCD instrument and a 10.25-inch floating central control panel; And the new car has added a 10-inch HUD head-up display system.

In addition, the new car continues to use the mechanical shift mechanism, and the physical air conditioning button is integrated under the central control panel.

In the car part, the new car comes standard with Toyota.Toyota Space smart space supports CarPlay/HiCar/CarLife smart phone interconnection (wireless connection/wired connection), intelligent online navigation vehicle system, voice vehicle control (window, skylight, air conditioning, navigation, music, Bluetooth phone, etc.) and other functions.

In terms of intelligent driving system, the new car comes standard with Toyota Pilot advanced intelligent driving system, which supports Toyota Safety Sense intelligent driving safety (Toyota Collision Avoidance Assistant Kit), PCS pre-collision system (with front pedestrian recognition), DRCC dynamic radar cruise control system (with full speed domain car following function), ICS intelligent radar with auxiliary braking function and other functions; andThe 2.5L four-wheel drive engine version has also been added.BSM parallel blind spot monitoring system and RCTA reverse side rear blind spot warning system function.

In the seat part, the car adopts a five-seat layout, and the seats are all wrapped with leather+imitation leather.

In terms of seat functionality, the new car comes standard with functions such as electric adjustment of front seats and heating of front/rear seats.

As for the power unit, the 2024 Toyota Willanda High Performance Edition continues to use the 2.5L plug-in hybrid system (the maximum power of the 2.5L engine is 132KW, the maximum power of the front motor of the two-wheel drive version is 134kW, and the total power of the front and rear motors of the four-wheel drive version is 174 kW); The comprehensive power of the system is as follows192kW (two-wheel drive version) and 222kW (four-wheel drive version).

In addition, the new car comes standard with a 15.98kWh ternary lithium battery pack, and the pure electric cruising range under WLTC conditions provides 78 kilometers (two-wheel drive) and 73 kilometers (four-wheel drive).

　　Sina Auto News Guangqi Honda’s official 10th Accord was officially released today, and the official price of the 10th Accord was announced on the spot. The new car is equipped with 1.5T turbocharged high/low power engines, and six models are launched, with the price range of 169,800-229,800 yuan. The new car will be officially launched in May.

　　1. Brand-new design style, slip-back body, and the overall shape is more youthful.

　　2. Equipped with Honda SENSING security system.

　　3. The kingpin model is equipped with a 1.5T high-power engine with a maximum power of 195PS.

　　The 10th generation Accord has adopted a brand-new design style in appearance, and the chrome-plated decoration is just right. The front face has a brand-new U-shaped big mouth and front face design, and it is equipped with full LED headlights. The front of the car creates a front dive effect, and the new car keeps the middle-sized car calm, but it also looks like a young change.

　　For the first time, the slip-back body lines are adopted on the side of the car body, and chrome trim strips are added at the position of the C-pillar triangular window, so the overall shape is very slender. The length, width and height of the new car are 4893/1862/1449mm and the wheelbase is 2830mm respectively.

　　The tail line is very sharp, and the proportion of each part is in place. The boomerang taillight shape and the exhaust layout of both sides create a good sports temperament for the new car.

　　In terms of interior, the new Accord adopts a flatter center console design, and its steady style is quite a bit of a German car. The three-spoke multi-function steering wheel has a thicker shape and better visual effect, and the interface of the full LCD instrument panel has also adopted an updated design style.

　　In terms of configuration, the tenth generation Accord will be equipped with tire pressure monitoring, electronic parking, LED low beam lights, LED daytime running lights, leather seats, dual-zone air conditioning, rear air outlet, ANC active noise reduction, one-button start, and rear row down. At the same time, the new car is equipped with Honda SENSING safety system, including collision mitigation braking system, lane departure warning/suppression system, ACC adaptive cruise with low-speed follow-up, lane keeping, traffic sign recognition system, blind spot monitoring, 360-degree image and parking assistance, etc. The safety configuration is very rich.

　　In terms of power, the tenth generation Accord is equipped with a 1.5T high/low power engine and a high power version of the 260TURBO model, with a maximum power of 195PS and a maximum torque of 260 N m/1600-5000rpm. The low-power version of the 230TURBO model has a maximum power of 177PS and a maximum torque of 230 N m/1500-3000 rpm. The transmission will be matched with CVT gearbox.

　　In addition, the tenth generation Accord hybrid model will be released at the 2018 Beijing Auto Show and is expected to be launched in the third quarter of this year.

　　Toyota Camry, the traditional enemy of Accord, was just introduced into China years ago. The two generations are so close apart and similar in concept. Both of them adopt younger design elements and put aside the strong business atmosphere of their predecessors to attract young consumers. In the future, the two will also launch a fight in the market. Comparatively speaking, Buick Regal, Volkswagen Magotan and other models in the mid-level car market still retain a strong business temperament, and there will be a big competition between young and stable market in the future.

　　The design of the 10th generation Accord is in sharp contrast with that of the previous generation, and its strong sportsmanship turns the target user group to the young consumer group. At the same time, the new car has also made many changes for young users from the power level to the configuration level. From the strong power output to the introduction of more fashionable and internet-based configurations, we can see that Guangqi Honda is full of sincerity, and the arrival of the new Accord will inevitably stir up the mid-level car market.

On December 18 th, according to the "Late Auto" report, Tesla Shanghai Factory is about to usher in two new models, both of which are Model Y series. One is the modified Model Y that will be mass-produced next month, and the other is the six-seat Model Y that is expected to be delivered in the fourth quarter of 2025.

The redesigned Model Y will learn from the new design concept of Model 3 Huan, and comprehensively improve the interior and exterior decoration, battery capacity, motor performance and autopilot kit. In terms of appearance, the new car will adopt a front face design similar to Model 3, and the LED headlights will be connected by light strips to form a unique penetrating effect, making the front of the car more concise. The side still maintains the classic shape of the coupe SUV, equipped with black double five-spoke wheels, while the tail is highlighted by the penetrating taillights.

According to Tesla’s past practice, before the new models go on the market, the old models usually launch discount promotions. At present, Tesla Model Y has launched a preferential activity of reducing the final payment by 10,000 yuan. For consumers who are ready to buy a car, it is necessary to carefully weigh whether to choose the old one or wait for the new one.

As for the six-seat Model Y, it is the first time Tesla has launched a six-seat model in the China market. However, Model Y, which is currently on sale, has a body length of only 4,750 mm and a wheelbase of 2,890 mm, and is an entry-level medium-sized SUV in the domestic market. If the six-seat Model Y forcibly adopts the three-row six-seat layout without lengthening the body, the legroom and ride comfort of the third row may be affected to some extent. Consumers need to expect this when purchasing.

The new model plan of Tesla’s Shanghai factory shows its continuous attention and investment in the domestic market, and it is expected that these two new models will bring more choices and better driving experience to consumers.

On July 14th, according to The Wall Street Journal, Tencent has agreed to acquire Ocean Music. Tencent will acquire the controlling stake in Ocean Music by cash and asset injection, and the specific amount has not been announced. QQ music is mainly injected by means of asset injection, and Ocean Music will acquire the assets of QQ music. The deal values Ocean at about $2.7 billion, and Tencent Holdings will increase its stake in Ocean Music from 16% to about 60%.

The interface news asked Tencent and Ocean Music respectively, and neither side responded.

In the public view, Ocean Music Group is a slightly unfamiliar company. This music group was founded in April 2014. It owns music assets such as Cool Dog Music, Cool Me Music and Rainbow Music, as well as digital music copyright service companies such as Ocean Music and Source Music.

In March 2015, Xie Guomin, the founder of Ocean Music and former vice president of Sina, conducted the merger of Kuwo Music and Kugou Music, and with the accumulated user base of "Two Kus", it became the first echelon of online music in one fell swoop.

According to the data of Speedway Research, an online music market research institution, in the first quarter of 2016, before Tencent became a shareholder, Cool Dog Music and Cool Me Music accounted for more than 30% of the market share, while QQ Music accounted for 18.91%. Now, after Tencent buys Ocean, Tencent will occupy half of this market and become the leading enterprise in the online music market in China.

According to the Wall Street Journal, after the transaction is completed, Tencent’s music business will be valued at 6 billion US dollars, and the business will be operated as a subsidiary of Tencent Holdings.

According to market research firm iiMedia Research, in the first quarter of 2016, China’s mobile music service market had 449 million users, exceeding the population of the United States, which also made China the largest mobile music service market in the world.

In May 2016, it was reported that Ocean Music had been trying to go public in the United States, raising between 300 million and 600 million dollars, which was operated by Goldman Sachs Group and Morgan Stanley. However, because the US stock market is not optimistic about online music, the IPO of Ocean Music was once rumored to be stranded, and the global capital market is wary of music technology companies that are prone to losses.

Take Spotify as an example, as the representative of the global music streaming media platform, Spotify, which has been developing for nearly 10 years, is still on the financing road. Spotify has raised funds from 26 investment institutions. In March this year, Spotify just completed the ninth financing of $1 billion convertible bonds, and made several strict guarantees related to IPO to investors.

From the perspective of the global Internet music industry, only Pandora has successfully listed, and its share price has dropped from $70 at the peak to $13 today. When it went public in 2011, it raised $234 million. Last year, the IPO of the French music company Deezer was also postponed.

Analysts said that after Tencent’s shareholding, the merged company may be IPO； in the future; Compared with the original ocean music, the possibility of success will be higher; However, how to make money from streaming music will be the key factor to convince the capital side.

According to international federation of the phonographic industry (IFPI) data, China’s record music industry grew by 63.8% in 2015, making it the second largest contributor to growth after Japan. Last year, the output value of China’s record industry reached US$ 169 million, ranking 14th in the world. It can be said that the overall progress of the domestic music market has also provided imaginative growth space for China Internet music companies.

The competition layout of the giants in the music field has also intensified. On July 9, 2015, the National Copyright Administration issued the Notice on Ordering Online Music Service Providers to Stop Unauthorized Dissemination of Music (known as the "most restrictive order in history"), requiring online music service providers to stop unauthorized dissemination of music works, and ordering all music service providers to offline all unauthorized music works before July 31. The "most restrictive order" not only ended the "free era" of online music, but also made China’s online music industry gradually move towards the track of legalization, systematization and diversification, and the investment scale of major platforms in copyright was also increasing.

Ali Mutual Entertainment has shrimp and Tiantian Music, and Netease Cloud Music, a subsidiary of Netease, has also gained many fans. In Q1 2016, after Ali Music ranked QQ Music with 12.08% market share, Netease Cloud Music accounted for 3%.

The competition for copyright is also continuing, and obtaining the "sole broadcasting right" is an important way to circle the powder. According to the report "Insight into Online Music Market in China in 2015", among many music platforms, QQ music has taken the lead in breaking through ten million orders of magnitude in copyright, with obvious copyright advantages. What is certain is that after the completion of the shareholding, the advantages of Tencent Music will be further expanded.

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Title: acoustic word embeddings for end-to-end speech synthesis (end-to-end speech synthesis based on acoustic word embedding)

Journal: Applied Sciences

Authors: Feiyu Shen, Chenpeng Du and Kai Yu,

Publication date: 27 September 2021

DOI：10.3390/app11199010

Wechat link:

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s? __biz=MzI1MzEzNjgxMQ==&mid=2650042375&idx=2&sn=

151c5c62ae0d5583c474b10c284d5428&chksm=f1d9cac3c6ae43d556bf64fb78ad7179

03d668684fdcafaee7dd0ffd1d686fc17a573d1c6c20&token=497878244&lang=zh_CN#rd

Journal link:

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci

Introduction of communication author

Professor Yu Kai

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The main research direction is the research and industrialization of interactive artificial intelligence, speech and natural language processing and machine learning.

Speech synthesis is one of the key issues to realize human-computer interaction. Yu Kai’s team from the Cross-media Speech Intelligence Laboratory of Shanghai Jiaotong University recentlyApplied SciencesIn this paper, an end-to-end speech synthesis method based on acoustic word embedding is studied.

introduction

In recent years, the end-to-end text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) model based on sequence-to-sequence generation architecture has achieved great success in generating natural speech. In order to avoid frame-by-frame decreasing, unnatural TTS models, such as FastSpeech and FastSpeech2, are proposed to improve the speed of speech generation. However, vocabulary recognition is very important for TTS systems to generate highly natural speech, but most end-to-end TTS systems only use phonemes as input markers, ignoring the information of which vocabulary phonemes come from.

Previous studies used preset language words to embed phoneme sequences as the input of TTS system. However, because language information is not directly related to how words are pronounced, the embedding of these words hardly affects the improvement of TTS quality. In this paper, a word acoustic embedding method combined with TTS system is proposed. Experiments on LJSpeech data set show that the acoustic embedding of words significantly improves the likelihood of prosodic prediction of sonic level on training set and verification set. The subjective evaluation of the naturalness of synthesized audio shows that the system with acoustic word embedding is obviously superior to the pure TTS system and other TTS systems with preset word embedding.

design highlights

1. Propose an end-to-end TTS system based on Acoustic Word Embedding (AWE) joint training to help improve rhythm and naturalness;

2. Using the prosody modeling method based on GMM to objectively measure the prosody of synthesized audio;

3. Explore the best structure of word encoder and the best threshold of word frequency screening;

4. Subjective evaluation after the test shows that AWE is more natural than pre-trained word embedding.

End-to-end speech synthesis method based on acoustic word embedding

Part1: end-to-end speech synthesis

In this paper, FastSpeech2 is selected as the acoustic model, but prosody modeling is not explicitly considered, which makes it difficult to objectively evaluate the prosody prediction performance of TTS system without subjective listening test. Based on this, a phoneme-level prosodic prediction module is introduced into the model, which can predict the prosodic embedding distribution of each phoneme autoregressively. Compared with the standard Fastspeech2 system, it can not only improve naturalness, but also allow the logarithmic likelihood of prosodic embedding to easily and objectively evaluate the prosodic prediction performance at phoneme level, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. End-to-end speech synthesis based on GMM prosody modeling.

Part2: Acoustic Word Embedding

Nowadays, most popular TTS systems use phonemes as sound input markers, ignoring the information of which vocabulary phonemes come from. However, vocabulary recognition is very important for TTS system to generate highly natural speech. In this paper, acoustic word embedding is proposed to synthesize natural speech, and a word encoder and a word phoneme aligner are introduced into the traditional TTS system. The architecture is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Model architecture with acoustic word embedding.

Experimental setup and results

1. Experimental setup

The TTS model in this paper is based on Fastspeech2 (GMM prosodic modeling). The number of Gaussian components in GMM is set to 20, and Adam optimizer and Noam learning rate scheduling strategy are used for TTS training. The researchers used 320mel-spectrogram as acoustic features, with a frame shift of 12.5ms and a frame length of 50 ms.. MelGAN is used as vocoder to reconstruct waveform.

2. Word encoder architecture

The performance of three common word encoder structures is compared.

(1) None: the baseline of the word encoder is not used;

(2) BLSTM；: a layer of 512-dimensional bidirectional LSTM;

(3) Transformer: 6-layer 512-dimensional transformer module;

(4) Conv+Transformer: one layer of 1D-CNN with a core size of 3, followed by six layers of 512-dimensional Transformer module.

Table 1. Parameter number and reasoning speed of various encoder architectures (sec/frame).

3. Word frequency threshold

Table 2. Vocabulary and OOV under different word frequency thresholds.

Fig. 3. Loglikelihood curve of phoneme prosody with different word frequency thresholds.

conclusion

In this paper, an innovative method of directly training acoustic embedding of words in TTS system is proposed. The phoneme sequence and the word sequence pass through two encoders respectively, which are used as the input of TTS system together, and then the two output hidden states are spliced together for phoneme-level prosodic prediction. Experiments on LJSpeech data set show that the superposition structure of convolution and Transformer is the best for word encoder. In addition, the selection of word frequency threshold should be cautious, too large or too small threshold will lead to performance degradation. Finally, this paper compares the proposed system with several works that do not use the baseline of lexical information and use pre-trained words to embed. The subjective listening test shows that the system proposed in this paper is superior to all other systems in naturalness.

Applied SciencesPeriodical introduction

Editor-in-Chief: Takayoshi Kobayashi, The University of Electro-Communications, Japan.

The subject of the journal covers all aspects of applied physics, applied chemistry, engineering, environmental and earth sciences and applied biology.

　　CCTV News:On December 13th, the Taiwan Province Affairs Office of the State Council held a regular press conference to answer reporters’ questions on recent cross-strait hot issues.

　　A reporter asked: New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, winter vacation and other festivals and holidays are approaching, and many Taiwanese businessmen and Taiwanese students in the mainland are very concerned about the air tickets to Taiwan. What are the arrangements between the two sides of the strait for the winter vacation and the Spring Festival this year?

　　Zhu Fenglian, spokesperson of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, responded: The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the vast number of Taiwanese students, Taiwanese businessmen and Taiwan compatriots hope to return home smoothly for the holidays and family reunion. We feel the same way about their wishes. Relevant mainland authorities will actively make preparations for cross-strait Spring Festival overtime flights in line with the purpose of serving compatriots on both sides of the strait and facilitating the return of Taiwan compatriots. But to solve this problem, we also need the cooperation of Taiwan Province. It is hoped that Taiwan Province will listen more to the reflection of Taiwanese businessmen and Taiwan compatriots, come up with attitudes and practices that meet people’s expectations, and don’t deliberately set up obstacles to prevent the vast number of Taiwanese businessmen and Taiwan compatriots from returning home to reunite with their families.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:Yesterday (5th), the national railways adjusted the train diagram. After this adjustment, Spring Festival travel rush this year is a little different from previous years. This first "different", summed up in four words, is an increase of "one-stop direct". According to the adjusted train diagram, it is possible to have a one-stop direct train from Shenyang to Beijing. From 0: 00 yesterday (5th), Shenyang North Station started a "one-stop direct" high-speed train to Beijing South Station for the first time, with a running time of 3 hours and 45 minutes, which is also the shortest running time between Shenyang and Beijing. There is a direct stop, and there is a direct connection between the two places. This year, the high-speed train from Fujian will go through Guangxi and Sichuan for the first time in Spring Festival travel rush.

Image source network

　　　　　　 [Direct connection between the two places] Fujian opened the first direct high-speed train in Sichuan, Guangxi.

　　　　　　 After the implementation of the new train operation map for the national railways on January 5, Fujian started the first through high-speed trains from Fuzhou to Nanning East and from Xiamen North to Chengdu East. This means that this year in Spring Festival travel rush, the high-speed train from Fujian will go directly to Guangxi and Sichuan provinces for the first time. Among them, the whole running time from Fuzhou to Nanning is about 10 hours and 30 minutes, saving 2 hours compared with before; The whole running time from Xiamen to Chengdu is about 13 hours and 40 minutes, saving nearly 4 hours compared with before.

　　　　　　 It is understood that the high-speed train from Fuzhou to Nanning East will pass through Jiangxi and Hunan; The high-speed train from Xiamen to Chengdu will pass through Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Chongqing and other places, all of which are routes with more tourists from Spring Festival travel rush in previous years. It is predicted that the peak of returning home before the holiday will appear from January 28th to February 3rd in Spring Festival travel rush this year.

　　　　　　 [Interconnection of Three Places] From scratch, Tianjin Jizhou entered the era of high-speed rail.

　　　　　　 In the past, it was inconvenient to travel from Beijing or Hebei to Jizhou, Tianjin, and the journey of reversing many times made people very tired. However, after the national railway adjusted the train operation map yesterday (5th), Jizhou District of Tianjin welcomed the train stop for the first time, and it only took 42 minutes to get from Beijing to Jizhou at the earliest. In addition, in order to facilitate the travel of foreign tourists to Jizhou, a bus line connecting Jizhou City and Jizhou Station is set up in the square of Jizhou Station. Through the seamless connection between buses and trains, tourists can reach tourist attractions and mountain village farmhouses more conveniently.

　　　　　　 At present, there are five EMU trains stopping at Jizhou Station in Tianjin, connecting Jizhou with Beijing and Qinhuangdao in Hebei, making the rail transit network between Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei more dense and convenient.

　　　　　　 [Severe punishment for "bully"] 452 people were arrested for "bully" and other disorderly behaviors.

　　　　　　 There is another difference in Spring Festival travel rush this year, that is, strengthening the rectification of the "hegemony" behavior. Recently, the "bully seat" and "bully shop" have become a hot issue of social concern. In order to create a safe and orderly travel environment for the vast number of tourists, the railway police authorities across the country have recently launched special actions to focus on rectifying outstanding public security problems that disrupt the order of stations and cars, such as "bully seat", "blocking doors" and "forcibly entering the station". Since the launch of the special campaign of centralized rectification, the railway police have investigated and dealt with 2,856 illegal and disorderly behaviors, and 452 people have been administratively detained by the railway police according to law for disturbing the order of stations and cars, such as "dominating seats".

　　　　　　 On December 1, 2018, on the G170 train, a drunken woman forcibly occupied other people’s seats and insulted the staff and other passengers. Subsequently, the Beijing Railway Public Security Bureau immediately contacted and coordinated with the Shanghai Railway Public Security Bureau to jointly handle it properly. Nanjing railway police took the woman out of the car at Nanjing South Railway Station, punished her by administrative detention for 7 days according to law, and informed the railway credit information system.

　　　　　　 On December 8, 2018, on the Z25 train from Wuchang to Shanghai, another "Bapu" man appeared. After the man arrived at the station, Ba refused to get off the bus in the sleeper compartment and refused to make up the ticket, and his attitude was bad. The man’s behavior seriously disturbed the normal order and was administratively detained by the Wuhan Railway Police according to law.

　　　　　　 On December 14, 2018, on the K7426 train, a woman held a ticket for car No.4, but forcibly occupied three seats in car No.3, causing three passengers to be unable to sit. After being persuaded and educated by the train conductor and the police, the woman still refused to give up her seat. Subsequently, the Jilin Railway Public Security Bureau took him away from his seat by police. The bully woman was punished by administrative detention for 5 days.

Forty years of reform and opening up, as a "schoolmaster", Shenzhen dares to be the first in the process of urban development, and every step makes us Shenzhen people extremely proud! Do you know all these [national firsts] created by Shenzhen?

first

export processing zones

In January 1979, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council decided to establish the first export processing zone in China in Shekou. On July 8, 1979, Shekou sounded the mountain cannon for reclamation and port construction, which was called the "first cannon" of reform and opening up.

The first export processing zone in China.

First batch

special economic zone

On August 26th, 1980, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was established, which became one of the first special economic zones established by China’s reform and opening up. Now, this day is also called "Shenzhen Birthday".

first

Commercial housing community

In 1980, after the reform and opening-up in China, the first commercial housing community, Donghu Liyuan, started construction, priced in Hong Kong dollars, equivalent to about 50,000 yuan.

The first commercial housing community

first

Implement the construction bidding system.

In July 1981, the international commercial building jointly built by Shenzhen and Hong Kong businessmen took the lead in piloting the project bidding contract system in China. The following year, the municipal government issued a document to formally implement this system.

In February 1984, Deng Xiaoping visited the International Trade Building under construction in Shenzhen Special Zone.

First home

foreign bank

On January 9, 1982, the first foreign bank introduced by New China, Nanyang Commercial Bank Shenzhen Branch, opened.

The first branch of a foreign bank

the first

stock

On July 8, 1983, Shenzhen Baoan County United Investment Company publicly issued the first stock of New China "Shenzhen Baoan", and the first joint-stock enterprise in Shenzhen was born.

The first joint-stock enterprise-Shenzhen Baoan Enterprise (Group) Co., Ltd.

First home

Law firm

In July 1983, Shekou Law Firm, the first law firm in New China, opened.

The first law firm

first

Break the "big pot rice"

In August, 1984, Shenzhen implemented the structural wage system in enterprises, giving enterprises the right to distribute themselves, so that workers can get more for more work.

Yuan Geng: On January 28th, 1984, when Deng Xiaoping inspected Shekou Industrial Zone, Yuan Geng reported to Deng Xiaoping.

first

Cancel the supply of grain and oil by ticket

In November, 1984, Shenzhen took the lead in canceling the supply system of grain, oil and food by ticket, liberalizing prices and opening up supply.

In 1984, Shenzhen cancelled the food stamps and opened up the supply. People couldn’t believe this was true. There was a long queue to buy food before dawn in front of Yuanling Grain Store.

first

theme park

In 1985, splendid china, the first theme park in China, broke ground. Since then, four theme parks, China Folk Culture Village, Window of the World and Happy Valley, have been built in OCT, and they are still popular attractions in Shenzhen.

During the construction of splendid china, Liao Hui (middle), then director of the State Council Overseas Chinese Affairs Office, inspected the progress of scenic spot construction.

First home

Joint-stock commercial bank

In 1987, China Merchants Bank, the first joint-stock commercial bank in China, was listed in Shenzhen. At present, China Merchants Bank is a Fortune Global 500 enterprise.

On April 7, 1987, the first board meeting was held on the eve of the opening of China Merchants Bank.

first time

Land auction

On December 1st, 1987, Shenzhen held the first public auction of land use right in China. Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Real Estate Company acquired land and built Dong Xiao Garden.

Luo Jinxing successfully bid for the first land auction in China.

first

Bonded industrial zone

In December 1987, the first bonded industrial zone in China, Shatoujiao Bonded Industrial Zone, was established.

Sha Tau Kok Bonded Industrial Zone in 1998

First home

Joint stock insurance company

In 1988, Ping An Insurance, the first joint-stock insurance company in China, was established in Shekou. At present, China Ping An is a comprehensive financial group and a Fortune Global 500 enterprise.

On the morning of May 27th, 1988, Ping An Insurance Company held its opening ceremony in Building 6, North China Merchants Road, Shekou Industrial Zone, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.

First home

Foreign exchange swap center

In May, 1988, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange approved the establishment of Shenzhen Foreign Exchange Adjustment Center, which broke through the forbidden zone in the foreign exchange market under the planned economy system.

Promulgated the Interim Measures for Foreign Exchange Adjustment in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.

first

Cities that fully implement housing reform

In June, 1988, the "Reform Plan of Housing System in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone" was issued, which introduced the housing reform plan of "promoting sales by renting, focusing on selling, and encouraging employees to buy houses", which was the first local housing reform document in China.

On June 17, 1988, the general office of the municipal government issued a notice on the implementation of the housing system reform plan of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. The concept of "housing is a commodity" began to move from Shenzhen to the whole country.

first

Volunteer group

In 1989, starting with a youth service hotline and 19 volunteers, Shenzhen City Volunteers Federation, the first corporate volunteer organization in the Mainland, was born. Today, there are more than 1 million registered volunteers in Shenzhen.

Shenzhen yigong Federation Logo

First home

McDonald’s in mainland China.

On October 8th, 1990, the first McDonald’s restaurant in China Mainland opened in the East Gate. For a time, this McDonald’s became the longest restaurant in Shenzhen.

The first McDonald’s in mainland China opened.

First home

stock exchange

On December 1st, 1990, Shenzhen Stock Exchange, the first stock exchange in New China, was quietly born. Today, Shenzhen Stock Exchange has grown into the largest capital market in the world, which has influenced the economic life of China and the ideas of hundreds of millions of ordinary people.

first

A city that donates blood for free to meet medical needs

In 1993, Shenzhen began to donate blood for free, which was the first city in China to meet the demand of blood for medical use. Shenzhen also promulgated the first local regulation on voluntary blood donation, Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone on Citizens’ Voluntary Blood Donation and Blood Management.

Shenzhen blood center

first

Rural urbanized cities

By the end of 2004, Bao ‘an and Longgang Districts in Shenzhen had realized rural urbanization, and all 270,000 villagers had become urban residents. Shenzhen became the first city in China without rural administrative system.

Panorama of Baoan County (1960s)

Photography: Zheng Zhongjian

the first

Land ecological control line

In 2005, Shenzhen took the lead in issuing the Regulations on the Management of Basic Ecological Control Line in Shenzhen, which designated nearly half of the land in the city as the basic ecological control line, and clearly stipulated that the proportion of ecological land in the city should not be less than 50%.

In 2005, the municipal government promulgated the Regulations of Shenzhen Municipality on the Management of Basic Ecological Control Lines.

first

"Design Capital" from China

In 2008, UNESCO officially approved Shenzhen to join the global creative city network, and awarded Shenzhen the title of "Design Capital", which was the first city in China to receive this honor.

Shenzhen "Design Capital" Logo

first

Pilot project of establishing a national innovative city

In 2008, Shenzhen was listed as the first national pilot project to create a national innovative city. Since then, independent innovation has become the dominant strategy for Shenzhen’s urban development.

first

Development planning of strategic emerging industries

At the beginning of 2010, Shenzhen released the development plan for three strategic emerging industries, namely, biology, new energy and Internet. Shenzhen was the first city in China to determine the development plan for strategic emerging industries. Since then, the "Big Three" has been expanded into "Big Six".

first

Start the reform of the commercial system

On March 1, 2013, Shenzhen took the lead in launching the reform of the commercial system in China, which made Shenzhen the easiest city to set up a company in China.

On April 14th, 2015, Liu Yuting, deputy director of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and Chen Biao, deputy mayor of Shenzhen attended the unveiling ceremony of Shenzhen Enterprise Registration Bureau.

first part

"Good Man Law"

On August 1, 2013, the Provisions on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Rescuers in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, known as the Good Man Law, was implemented. This law is the first "Good Man Law" in China, which provides legislative protection for those who are courageous.

First home

online bank

In December 2014, Weizhong Bank, the first Internet bank in China, opened. Weizhong Bank was founded by Tencent and a number of well-known private enterprises. On January 4, 2015, witnessed by Premier Li Keqiang, it issued the first loan.

Weizhong Bank won the "2015 Asia Internet Bank Science and Technology Innovation Award"

first

"Talent Day"

On November 1, 2017, Shenzhen ushered in the first Shenzhen Talent Day, which was also the first talent day established by the city in China.

The first theme park named after "talents" in China-Talent Park.

first

Realize the pure electrification of buses

On December 27, 2017, Shenzhen announced that all franchised bus vehicles in the city have been completely electrified. This is also the first city in the country and even the world to realize the comprehensive and pure electrification of public transport.

Image source: Shenzhen Business Daily data gallery and Shenzhen Archives.

Content source: Shenzhen Business Daily

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(Original title "Shenzhen’s 30 national firsts, how many do you know? 》）