Guangming net news(Reporter Yang Yanan) On August 10th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference on the prevention and control of the recent epidemic situation. Mi Feng, spokesperson of the National Health and Wellness Commission and deputy director of the Propaganda Department, said that since the issuance of the notice to promote the national mutual recognition of Covid-19’s nucleic acid test results, all localities have quickly organized and implemented it. Some places have innovated and explored some ways of mutual recognition to further facilitate the use of the masses. For example, in some places, the function of querying the results of nucleic acid testing in other provinces and cities and uploading them to Health Treasure has been added, some have online related services of nucleic acid information, and some can switch the nucleic acid testing databases in the province and the whole country at any time. These practices are all for the convenience of the masses, and now they are progressing smoothly.

　　Next, we will further improve the timeliness of information sharing, optimize and improve the management of health codes, and more. If there is no mutual recognition of nucleic acid test results, you can reflect it through the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council and public message boards set up in various places.

　　Nowadays, in Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and many other places, you don’t need to exchange foreign currency. You can scan the code with WeChat and Alipay, and you can automatically convert it into RMB payment according to the exchange rate of the day. The scope of mobile payment is constantly expanding. WeChat recently announced that Amsterdam Airport in the Netherlands has become the first WeChat smart flagship airport in Europe to support WeChat applets to book duty-free goods. Users can purchase goods in the applet before arriving at the airport, and after arriving at the airport, they can scan the code to pay for the delivery at the "WeChat delivery point". At present, more than 80% merchants in Amsterdam Airport Schiphol have opened WeChat payment.

　　Why do mobile payment companies compete in the sea? Besides competing for China tourists’ mobile payment wallets, what are the strategies for localization?

　　Cross-border trade demand "forced" mobile payment to go to sea

　　Mobile payment is accelerating the pace of overseas development. Alipay’s overseas offline payment has covered more than 40 countries and regions, and has access to hundreds of thousands of overseas merchant stores including eating, drinking, and transportation. More than 149 overseas international airports around the world have access to WeChat, which supports payment in 13 currencies. As of April 2019, the number of merchants covered by WeChat payment in Europe increased by 3.5 times compared with last year.

　　The overseas development of mobile payment generally begins with "forced by demand". Alipay and WeChat payment cover many merchants in China. With the continuous expansion of "overseas purchase", many overseas merchants also hope to access mobile payment services for China tourists. At this time, third-party payment providers need to help these merchants solve problems such as information and capital circulation, and enhance the overseas consumption experience of Chinese people.

　　According to the White Paper on the Development and Trend of China Mobile Payment Overseas Tourism Market in 2018, the transaction volume of outbound tourists in China accounted for 32% of the total transaction volume, surpassing cash payment for the first time, and nearly 70% of China tourists have become accustomed to using mobile phones to pay overseas.

　　"We have seen the rapid growth of Alipay used by residents in third-and fourth-tier cities and middle-aged and elderly people abroad, which shows that overseas mobile payment is rapidly spreading." Chen Jiayi, director of Alipay International Business Department, said.

　　Fan Wei, senior director of WeChat payment, said that the greatest value of mobile payment is not to reduce the payment speed from a few seconds to a few milliseconds, but to turn a payment into a future sale, and to associate the user’s purchase behavior with the sales data. These are what overseas businesses want.

　　In addition to WeChat and Alipay, UnionPay is gradually increasing the pace of international cooperation by virtue of its channel and cooperation advantages. In November 2018, unionpay international cooperated with Malaysian Axiata Telecom Group to realize its wallet product Boost supporting UnionPay QR code payment service through electronic card issuance. At present, consumers in Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam and other places have been able to bind the locally issued UnionPay card on the mobile payment client and scan the code for payment in the global UnionPay QR code merchants.

　　Lowering service threshold and promoting the development of local inclusive finance.

　　In a report on the domestic third-party payment industry, Analysys International mentioned that the domestic third-party payment market, especially in first-and second-tier cities, tends to be saturated, and the upper limit is obvious. The giants have both certain technology accumulation and external expansion needs; As the first entry point of business closed-loop and user’s financial behavior, mobile payment is the "bridgehead" of the company’s outward development and an important part of the global strategic layout of the giant; From the perspective of payment service chain, with the prosperity of cross-border trade and the increasing demand for export consumption, both B-end merchants and C-end users have great market potential.

　　However, the mobile payment has also moved to inclusive finance from improving the overseas consumption experience of Chinese people, and promoted the competitiveness of mobile payment in neighboring countries.

　　According to the data of the World Bank, there are still 2 billion people in developing countries who do not have bank accounts, only 10% of them hold credit cards, and only 21% of those who need loans get loans through formal financial institutions.

　　Ant Financial found that in the densely populated countries along the "Belt and Road", although the economy is on the rise, the financial system is developing slowly and unevenly, and the cost for ordinary people to obtain financial services is very high. Helping local people build local wallets can not only promote the development of local e-commerce and Internet economy, but also greatly lower the threshold for ordinary people to obtain financial services.

　　For example, in India, Thailand, the Philippines and other countries and regions, Alipay has landed nine "Alipay" belonging to local people. Among them, Paytm, which is built in cooperation with India, can charge phone bills, pay water and electricity bills, transfer money, and purchase goods and services online. Half of PayTM’s 250 million users come from second-tier cities and rural areas in India, which has promoted the development of inclusive finance in India.

　　Wang Zhimin, director of the Institute of Globalization and China Modernization of the University of International Business and Economics, said: "Countries are not only strict in financial supervision, but also very sensitive to foreign companies entering the financial industry, and it is also difficult for the people to accept it. Building a local brand e-wallet can promote the process of local digitalization and effectively solve this problem. "

　　The regulatory systems of various countries are not unified or become the biggest obstacle.

　　At a time when the domestic scene has been fully excavated and solidified, mobile payment going to sea is the first choice to expand the transaction scene and increase the transaction scale, but there are some discordant voices. On May 21st, according to Nepal’s Himalayan Times, the Central Bank of Nepal announced that it would ban the use of WeChat payment and Alipay in Nepal, saying that because China tourists illegally used these payment applications, the money never passed through Nepal’s banking channels, which made it impossible for Nepalese authorities to register the consumption of China tourists as overseas income.

　　In 2016, the Bank of Thailand issued a warning to merchants in the country, reminding merchants in scenic spots in Thailand to pay attention to the risks brought by using "foreign payment platforms" that are not officially authorized; Vietnam also unilaterally announced that foreign electronic payments such as Alipay and WeChat payment are "illegal payment settlement" in Vietnam, and their use is prohibited.

　　Although the relevant payment platform responded that its overseas business has always followed local laws and regulations, it called on users to standardize the use of bar code payment services according to the "Collection Code Agreement". However, Douglas Warner, a professor at the University of Hong Kong, believes that the disunity of regulatory systems in various countries may be the biggest obstacle for China’s mobile payment enterprises to expand overseas markets. From the security of fund settlement to big data processing, it must conform to the different regulatory systems of countries and regions.

　　In addition to different regulatory systems and foreign countries’ emphasis on personal consumption privacy, the international payment market has been monopolized by several international payment giants such as VISA and MasterCard for more than half a century, mainly in the form of credit card payment. And at this stage, in Europe, America and other countries, credit card payment is still the main payment method for its residents.

　　He Qiang, a professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that mobile payment is an important part of Internet finance. At present, there are obstacles in China’s mobile payment abroad, mainly because financial organizations such as VISA have formulated "Western standards" for mobile payment in the form of alliances, which are difficult to be compatible with China standards.

　　In addition to the consideration of financial security in various countries, infrastructure is also a factor that can not be ignored whether mobile payment can be used. According to statistics, at present, China has more than 5 million base stations, while the United States only has more than 200,000. By 2018, there are 5 million 4G base stations in the world, of which China has more than 3 million, and other 4G base stations are owned by more than 190 countries and regions such as the United States.

　　He Qiang believes that China’s mobile payment industry should be encouraged to continue to develop at home, and the "China standard" for mobile payment should be established as soon as possible in the international field. At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the integration of different mobile payment standards in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and establish a world benchmark for regional mobile payment interconnection. (Reporter Li He)

According to public information, Zhixiang Life Electric Appliance Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was established recently. The legal representative is Xu Pingping, with a registered capital of 10 million yuan. Its business scope includes: research and development of household appliances; Household appliances manufacturing; Sales of household appliances; Sales of spare parts for household appliances; Retail of household appliances; Repair of household appliances, etc. According to the equity data, the company is wholly owned by Guangdong Midea Environmental Electric Appliance Manufacturing Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Midea Group.

　　Optimize automobile purchase restriction, distribute consumption subsidies, facilitate second-hand car trading, and strengthen the construction of charging facilities … … Recently, the central and local governments have introduced a number of measures to promote automobile consumption, starting from various aspects, to promote the further development of the domestic automobile industry market. According to industry insiders, the central government has repeatedly emphasized the promotion of automobile consumption, and local governments have also taken diversified measures, reflecting that China’s automobile industry has great development potential at the current stage of transformation and upgrading, and a number of policies have further promoted the automobile consumption market, which will help to play its role in driving the macro economy.

　　The reporter learned from the National Development and Reform Commission that in order to thoroughly implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand and give full play to the basic role of consumption in economic development, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Measures on Restoring and Expanding Consumption, proposing measures such as optimizing the management of automobile purchase and use and expanding the consumption of new energy vehicles. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission and other 13 departments jointly issued "Several Measures on Promoting Automobile Consumption" (hereinafter referred to as "Measures"), and also deployed to further stabilize and expand automobile consumption from various aspects such as optimizing automobile purchase restriction management policies and strengthening the construction of supporting facilities for new energy vehicles.

　　Chang Tiewei, deputy director of the Employment Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that since the beginning of this year, the retail sales of automobile products in the first half of the year reached 2,240.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6.8%, driven by various consumption promotion policies, automobile marketing activities and a large number of new models.

　　"At present, China’s automobile consumption recovery trend is stable and positive, and the consumption and export scale of new energy vehicles are outstanding, but there is still room for further tapping potential and upgrading automobile consumption. In view of the outstanding problems found in a large number of investigations, we put forward more pragmatic and effective measures. Including the policy of optimizing the management of purchase restriction, and encouraging the increase of annual car purchase indicators according to local conditions; Promote the rational renewal of vehicles; Reduce the use cost of new energy vehicles and optimize the use environment. " Chang Tiewei said.

　　Li Chunlin, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, mentioned at the routine briefing of the State Council policy held recently that more popular and inclusive support policies will be studied and optimized for the automobile consumption market segment, so as to better meet the people’s multi-level and diversified consumption needs and promote the high-quality development of related industries. "Whether it is automobile consumption or other consumer goods consumption, we must first adapt to changes in demand and create new demand through supply-side structural reforms. At the same time, we will continue and optimize the policy of vehicle purchase tax reduction and exemption for new energy vehicles, and propose that by the end of 2025, vehicle purchase tax will be exempted; It will be halved in 2026 and 2027. "

　　The Ministry of Commerce has also promoted measures to improve the charging infrastructure and support new energy vehicles to go to the countryside, and organized activities such as the "100-city linkage" automobile festival and the "thousand counties and thousands of towns" new energy vehicle consumption season, and launched the national comprehensive information service platform for used cars. Xu Xingfeng, director of the Department of Market Operation and Consumption Promotion of the Ministry of Commerce, pointed out that in the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will focus on optimizing the consumption environment and implementing the policy of downsizing.

　　Various places have also come up with "real money and silver" to support automobile consumption.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce said that in the second half of the year, we will focus on mass consumption, cultural tourism consumption, sales leaders and county consumption. At present, Guangdong is promoting the relaxation of "restricted cards" in Guangzhou and Shenzhen; Support Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other automobile major cities to implement car purchase subsidies, trade in old vehicles for new ones, and expand the sales of new energy vehicles.

　　The Jiangxi Provincial Department of Commerce said that in the second half of the year, the province will focus on holding more than 50 car promotion activities such as the "100-city linkage" car festival. Carry out green smart home appliances to the countryside and trade-in promotions. Further implement the policy of canceling the restrictions on the relocation of used cars, promote the convenient measures of "inter-provincial handling" of used cars, build a platform for inquiring about used car trading information, and accelerate the activation of the used car market.

　　With the support of relevant policies, car companies have also responded positively to jointly promote the growth of the industrial market.

　　In an interview with reporters, GAC Ai ‘an said that the current policies have brought great opportunities to the automobile industry, especially new energy vehicle companies. In addition to the consumption of new energy vehicles mentioned in the policy, Ai ‘an also actively responded to the new energy going to the countryside and the construction of charging infrastructure mentioned in the measures, and is formulating relevant preferential policies for rural vehicles.

　　"The favorable policies issued by the state this time will inevitably open the door of new energy vehicles in the county and township markets and sell new energy vehicles to a wider area. BYD launched a variety of models matching the county and township markets on the product side for new energy going to the countryside, and continuously expanded the county and township market layout to enhance the consumer experience. " The relevant person in charge of BYD said.

　　"Automobile and gasoline consumption account for about 40% of the total retail sales of consumer goods above designated size, and are the pillars of consumption." Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, believes that cities with less than 4 million cars suggest to release the purchase restriction, which can effectively promote the consumption potential, especially in cities where some purchase restrictions lead to the serious backwardness of urban car ownership, and there is a large room for consumption growth.

　　Ji Xuehong, a professor from north china university of technology, also said in an interview that the recent introduction of a number of automobile consumption promotion policies will help the automobile industry to play an economic role.

　　"China’s automobile industry is in the stage of rapid transition from traditional fuel vehicles to intelligent electric vehicles. The multi-level consumption promotion policies introduced by the central and local governments will help further help the industrial transformation and upgrading and realize the self-reliance and autonomy of China’s automobile industry." Ji Xuehong said, "On the other hand, the automobile industry chain is long and large, and various stimulus policies can play a good role. At the same time, it can also strengthen the linkage between the upstream and downstream industry chains and promote the stable economic growth as a whole."

　　At the same time, Ji Xuehong also pointed out that the promotion of policies needs to further implement the details. "In terms of finance, we can consider moderately relaxing interest rates and reducing the down payment ratio. In terms of products, the continuous development of new energy vehicle technology requires the government to provide more authoritative and reliable data and evaluation to help consumers establish objective and positive cognition and establish the excellent reputation of domestic brands. "

Basic research is the main switch of scientific and technological innovation and the source of all science and technology. In recent years, with the advent of a number of major scientific and technological achievements, China’s science and technology has changed from following to running and leading in some fields, and some fields have even taken the lead in "no man’s land", which puts higher demands on China’s basic research.

Talent is the key to achieve a breakthrough in high-quality basic scientific research. In reality, due to the long period of basic research, many uncertain factors, slow production and difficult transformation of results, how to evaluate and test the training effectiveness and actual contribution of basic research talents has become a major problem that puzzles people.

Under the background of "breaking the four virtues", what problems remain to be solved for talents to engage in research calmly? Especially the assessment, evaluation and incentive mechanism, where should we go?

The charm of basic research lies in the infinite possibilities behind uncertainty.

A few days ago, Pan Leiting, a professor at the School of Physical Sciences of Nankai University, just accepted the mid-term assessment of the school’s talent plan. In the assessment, how many articles have been published, how many projects have been completed, how many students have been taken, what innovations have been made in discipline construction, and what contributions have been made to social services … A series of indicators cover scientific research achievements, teaching effects, social services and other aspects, which are not comprehensive.

"Now the whole country is emphasizing’ breaking the four virtues’, and all units are formulating new evaluation methods. The overall orientation is to evaluate more comprehensively and stereoscopically." Pan Leiting said, "But in practice, some quantitative indicators are intuitive and there is no dispute in judging; Other non-quantitative indicators are relatively vague and difficult to judge. "

For example, the contribution to the discipline construction of the school. "Scholars go out to make a report, is it a contribution? What is the contribution? What is the measure? " In Pan Leiting’s view, these are still unclear places.

"In fact, compared with applied and engineering research, one of the most important forms of basic research, especially theoretical research, is the paper." Wang Chuanyi, deputy director of Tsinghua University Graduate Education Research Center, came straight to the point. "Therefore, the reform of evaluation mechanism requires’ not only papers’, but’ only’ instead of’ papers’."

Wang Chuanyi has been engaged in the research on the effectiveness evaluation of "double first-class" construction and the evaluation of teachers’ scientific research. He feels that over the years, the state has paid more and more attention to basic research and invested more and more. But although everyone has reached a consensus on the importance of basic research, it is still not easy to attract more people to really devote themselves to it. It is recognized as a "long-standing problem" that basic research results are difficult to evaluate and researchers are not motivated enough.

In addition to the fact that the effectiveness of many studies is difficult to be measured by indicators, the scientific effectiveness of an evaluation mechanism is closely related to the characteristics of the subject.

Uncertainty is a key word accompanying basic research. Not every research assumption is absolutely correct, every experiment is sure to be successful, and every subtle research direction will have output. Pan Leiting can’t remember clearly how many twists and turns he and his team have encountered in large and small experiments.

"Many applied research goals are very clear, but basic research is often not. Therefore, it is difficult to do top-level design. " But in Pan Leiting’s mind, the greatest charm of basic research lies precisely in the infinite possibilities behind this uncertainty.

"Many subversive and original research results are often produced inadvertently. The stories of some Nobel Prize winners are the most vivid examples. Therefore, is it appropriate to’ guide’ our research with a set of framed assessment and evaluation mechanisms? " Pan Leiting said.

How to measure the hard work and contribution of scientific research?

Wang Shuangyin, a professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Hunan University, always remembers an experience many years ago. At that time, he was a postdoctoral fellow in the United States. When the US Department of Energy accepted a project of his tutor, besides the results, it also paid special attention to the number of students trained through the project and the quality of students’ training.

This had a great influence on him. "Basic research projects should focus on the process, and the results should be natural." He believes that some original basic research, in particular, often has a considerable risk of failure. Sometimes, even if it fails, the students’ ability to carry out original research is exercised during the research process, and their scientific research literacy is improved.

Wang Shuangyin himself had this experience. "An experiment didn’t succeed as expected, but it unexpectedly opened up a new perspective. Students may have different surprises and gains in this direction. "

Not every scientific research is so lucky. "In fact, in the process of cultivating a basic research talent, it is normal for three years and five years to produce no results." Wang Chuanyi said frankly.

He also observed that under the current evaluation mechanism, there is indeed a phenomenon that academic circles blindly pursue hot spots and rely on "short, flat and fast" to produce results. "To do popular research, on the one hand, it is easier to publish papers; on the other hand, there are more people engaged in it, and the probability that the results will be cited is greater. The result is a large number of high-impact articles that lack original innovation and cannot meet the needs of the country. "

At the same time, those "unpopular" fields that are difficult to produce results quickly or directly contain the most subversive innovation possibilities, but researchers often retreat from difficulties.

Faced with such a situation, how to measure the "hard work" and "credit" in basic research?

"There are also many scientific workers who treat academic research very responsibly. On the one hand, they are doing projects with fixed time limits and can produce results on schedule. On the other hand, they are constantly accumulating for their long-term academic career." Liu Xiaomin, a research librarian at the Literature and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that basic scientific research calls for more evaluation mechanisms and systems that combine long and short.

Wang Shuangyin’s feeling is that "hard work" in basic research is more about "emphasizing originality" and "whether to observe new phenomena, reveal the essence of phenomena, develop new methods to explore the essence and guide applied research". Accordingly, the evaluation mechanism should also be close to this aspect.

"Basic research should not blindly pursue hot spots, even if it is a hot spot direction, it needs an unpopular perspective." Adhering to this concept, Wang Shuangyin and his team opened up the research field of defect chemistry of electrocatalysts, and carried out a series of research at three levels: recognizing defects, constructing defects and utilizing defects, thus forming their own research characteristics.

Fault-tolerant mechanism, a test of wisdom and courage

"The time to study for a doctor is generally five years. It doesn’t look short, but it’s really not long. " A "double first-class" university professor with 10 students shook his fingers and counted. "In the first year, I studied basic knowledge, and in the second and third years, I started to do research in the laboratory. In the fourth and fifth years, I will consider graduation. If the research is not successful, graduation may be delayed. Do you still dare to let him engage in those’ unscientific’ but exploratory research? "

This is a common problem faced by basic researchers, and it is called "not only testing students, but also testing teachers" by many tutors. In order to make students graduate smoothly, many tutors will make careful plans according to their own conditions: let some students with graduation pressure engage in "short-term and quick" research, while others will study more challenging "big problems".

A few years ago, the requirements for doctoral graduation in colleges and universities rose. In recent years, with the growing voice of breaking the "five talents", many universities in China have gradually relaxed the requirements for doctoral graduation, which has relieved many people. But another common voice is that a fault-tolerant mechanism that encourages innovation and tolerates failure is too necessary.

In January 2018, the State Council’s Opinions on Strengthening Basic Scientific Research in an All-round Way clearly stated that "a fault-tolerant mechanism should be established to encourage innovation and tolerate failure, and researchers should be encouraged to explore boldly and challenge the unknown".

"Until now, the fault-tolerant mechanism in the evaluation system is still very difficult to achieve." Many experts and scholars said in the interview.

"This incident is a great test of the wisdom, courage and pattern of managers." Gao Yingshuang, deputy director of the Institute of Higher Education of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

The reality is that when the fault tolerance or accountability of scientific and technological innovation subjects is specifically identified, there is still a lack of clear definition standards and corresponding institutional arrangements on which faults can be tolerated and which faults cannot be tolerated, and there is still no small difficulty in scientifically defining the "faults" that can be tolerated.

Secondly, due to the long-term, exploratory, professional and cutting-edge characteristics of basic research, it is difficult for non-professionals to track and judge all the activities of scientific and technological innovation subjects in the process of coordinating and promoting fault tolerance and strengthening scientific and technological innovation management.

"In this regard, we still need to continue to explore." Gao Yingshuang introduced that because of the epidemic situation, many projects involving extensive field investigation were forced to press the "pause button", but most schools and research institutes will try to make an objective and scientific assessment of the projects according to the actual situation.

No matter how the assessment is made, it is necessary for people to concentrate on scientific research.

The central government clearly put forward that it is important to cultivate and select talents not only by "hats" but also by papers, but it is not easy to do so. A large number of disorderly competitions not only waste scientific research funds, but also hinder the healthy growth of scientific research talents.

"The reality is that there is no’ hat’, and the actual treatment is too different." A vice president of a well-known domestic research institute told reporters frankly. He has seen many people get the "hat" without academic breakthrough and care for the elderly with peace of mind. He has also seen many people get discouraged and enter the state of "muddling along" because they have not got the "hat" within a certain number of years.

In addition, according to the data of a survey of basic research talents, 68.9% of the researchers said that "there are too many chores such as meetings, study and administration, which occupy my research time", and 24.1% of them said "very much agree". There are still many researchers who believe that they spend more time on scientific research management such as project application, mid-term inspection and conclusion, as well as reimbursement of project funds.

To build a team of young scholars who are obsessed with science and have no distractions, it is necessary to create a carefree research environment, release and promote more and stronger creativity. In the interview, experts and scholars issued such an appeal-

"We always yearn for a world that accommodates free exploration." Wang Shuangyin said.

"We should make it clear that the assessment, evaluation and incentive mechanism is to serve researchers in the final analysis, rather than mechanically manage researchers." Gao Yingshuang said.

"We should respect the laws of basic research and build a more systematic, inclusive, flexible and flexible organization from the policy orientation." Pan Leiting said.

"Scientific and reasonable evaluation is needed, but we can’t be led by the so-called’ evaluation’, but let basic research talents rely on their own interests and face the major development needs of the country to explore their own world." Wang Chuanyi said.

"We should encourage more talents, let basic research open a door for international cooperation and exchange, and let our scientific research output lead the world and contribute to human development." Liu Yimin said. (Liu Meng Liu Meng, Yang Sa, Cui Xingyi, Jin Haotian, Chen Peng)

ZAKER Technology reported on October 9 that this afternoon, Lei Jun, the founder of Xiaomi Group, issued a document in Weibo to clarify the statement that "friends are XX" circulating on the Internet.

It is reported that the expression "Friends are XX" first came from the press conference in 2015. At that time, Lei Jun said at the press conference: "The mobile phone industry has become an entertainment industry, which is manifested by endless press conferences, and all the press conferences have a common theme, that is, the glittering five words: friends are XX, among which Xiaomi is XX first. Whether it is discussed or ridiculed by everyone, in any case, through the joint efforts of friends and businessmen all over China, domestic mobile phones have become the mainstream of the market! " However, this statement has been taken out of context by many people for many years.

Wang Hua, general manager of Xiaomi’s public relations department, also issued a document saying that many people really misremembered or didn’t know the whole situation at that time, so that they were misled by the five words taken out of context in the current network. Wang Hua hopes that everyone can help spread it and let more people know the true and complete situation.

Lei Jun himself forwarded Wang Hua’s Weibo, and once again stressed that these five words came from the 2015 conference and were misunderstood by many people. As soon as this remark came out, netizens expressed their views in the comment area. Some netizens said that understanding Lei Jun’s remarks at that time was a kind of self-mockery, while others thought that it was really easy to be taken out of context. (Intern/Ma Junjie)

Huang Tianling used a stone mill to grind the soaked rice into rice slurry, which was used to make raw pressed rice noodles. Reporter Coboo Liang photo

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Speaking of breakfast in Nanning, rice flour is a well-deserved "top flow". In the complicated world of rice noodles, raw rice noodles have won the preference of Nanning people for their unique slightly sour taste.

Nanning’s time-honored Guyuanxiang daily raw rice noodle shop is very popular on major food recommendation websites. Huang Tianling, the operator, is a representative inheritor of Nanning’s raw pressed rice noodle making skills at the autonomous region level, and also the fifth generation of raw pressed rice noodle making skills in the family. In 2016, the production technology of raw pressed rice noodles in Nanning was included in the sixth batch of representative projects of intangible cultural heritage at the autonomous region level.

To understand a bowl of Nanning raw rice noodles, we should start with the production of rice noodles. This is a very exquisite manual work. Before a bowl of traditional raw pressed rice noodles is produced, it has to go through many processes, such as soaking rice, fermenting, grinding, drying, kneading, cooking, mashing and pressing. "Every step is very critical, and if one link is not done well, it will affect the finished product and taste of rice noodles." In the factory area of Nanning Guyuanxiang Catering Management Co., Ltd., Huang Tianling introduced the production process of raw pressed rice noodles to reporters.

The soaking time of rice depends on the weather, and the soaking time is different in summer and winter. After the rice is saturated with water, the water is drained before the next step-fermentation, which is also the source of the "sour taste" of raw rice noodles. "The fermentation temperature is 37℃ and the humidity is 65%. If it is not well controlled, it will affect the quality of rice noodles." Huang Tianling covered the soaked rice with cloth and waited for the "birth" of the strain.

The fermented rice is ground into rice slurry, put in a cloth bag to drain water and press dry, then knead the rice flour dough into grapefruit shape, and cook in a pot until the skin of the rice flour dough is 1-2 cm thick and cooked.

"The heat requirement is particularly accurate. If the rice noodles are cooked too well and cannot be squeezed, they will have to be redone." Huang Tianling said that making raw rice noodles not only tests physical strength, but also tests patience and technology.

In the milling step, put the cooked rice flour dough into a stone mortar, and mash it into a paste that does not stick to your hands, which becomes the rice flour dough used for milling. Finally, put the rice flour dough into the squeezer, and the rice flour will come out in strips and fall into the hot pot. After cooking, use a colander to pass cold water, and then the bowl can be served.

Pour a tablespoon of minced meat in the bowl, pour soy sauce paste on it, and then add chopped green onion, perilla, sour bamboo shoots, sour beans and other condiments according to personal taste, and a bowl of raw rice noodles will be done.

Huang Tianling watched her parents make raw rice noodles since she was a child. This bowl of flour is both a livelihood and a life. 40 years ago, Huang Tianling inherited the production skills of the older generation and turned a roadside stall into one of the best brands of raw rice noodles in Nanning.

"When non-legacy foods enter people’s lives, inheritance will be natural and natural." In Huang Tianling’s view, the core of intangible cultural heritage protection is people, but also people’s skills and knowledge. In 2014, Huang Tianling established Nanning Guyuanxiang Catering Management Co., Ltd. and established a modern large-scale catering central kitchen.

With the changes of the times, the old milling tools have already evolved into mechanized modern equipment. In the rice noodle making workshop of the company’s factory area, the machine rumbles, and nearly 500 kilograms of fresh and wet rice noodles can be produced every day, and about 3,000 bowls of rice noodles can be made.

Old-fashioned tools come alive. Although mechanical operation has greatly improved the production efficiency, every step of making rice noodles needs manual intervention, and the time and humidity of soaking rice and fermentation need to follow the traditional regulations. In recent years, Huang Tianling and her team have worked hard to develop many "special equipment" for raw rice noodles to help the rice noodle production process to be refreshed and upgraded.

The taste of rice noodles is "alive". "The legacy is not static, and it should also keep pace with the times." Huang Tianling said that the biggest difference between raw rice noodles and other rice noodles is the sour taste. Through the improvement of equipment and production links, today’s rice noodles are more accurate and stable in quality, and are more suitable for the tastes of foreign tourists and young people.

The way of inheritance is "alive". Huang Tianling often goes to school to teach students the traditional production skills of raw rice noodles, explain the relevant knowledge of raw rice noodles, and also build a non-genetic inheritance base of raw rice noodles with Zhuangzhi Road Primary School in Nanning. "It is our important responsibility as a non-genetic inheritor to carry forward China’s excellent traditional culture and intangible skills." Huang Tianling said that she has caught up with a good era of cherishing and encouraging intangible heritage. The network communication brought by policy support and social media has also made more young people fall in love with intangible heritage and inherit it.

"In order to make it convenient for everyone to eat a bowl of authentic raw rice noodles at home, we made a dry powder prefabricated bag to make the freshly squeezed delicious’ go further’. However, for diners who love glutinous rice flour, only by going to the scene and going to the local area can they eat that authentic and homesick rice noodle. " Huang Tianling said.

Original pediatric doctor Yan, pediatric doctor Yan

Since the second half of 2023, Meituan and JD.COM Platform have carried out rapid home nucleic acid detection in some cities. At present, the testing items are as follows:

There are always parents who ask me: Is the quick test of nucleic acid at home accurate or not?

In fact, doctors and colleagues and I often discuss this issue. Our feeling is that sometimes it is accurate and sometimes it is not.

Through nearly half a year’s contact, we found that the rapid detection of nucleic acid at home is helpful to analyze the cause of upper respiratory tract infection in the community. In particular, the newly added pertussis test is convenient for early investigation and is really useful.

However, the detection rate of individual pathogens is doubtful, and some testing items seem unnecessary.

Here are two valuable cases. These two children not only did a quick home nucleic acid test, but also measured a very accurate tNGS (targeting high-throughput sequencing), which can be compared and analyzed.

As always, thank parents for their consent before sharing.

01

Case 1

A 7-year-old child saw a doctor at 12 noon on June 21st. The medical history is as follows:

When I saw a doctor, I had been coughing for 5 days. Because his deskmate was recently diagnosed with whooping cough, according to the clinical diagnosis standard B of CDC in the United States, if other diseases are excluded, whooping cough can be clinically diagnosed without laboratory tests.

Considering the 14-day course of antibiotic treatment and whether the family members take post-exposure prevention, after discussion with parents, it was decided that the presence of pertussis should be determined by rapid examination in JD.COM, and the drug-resistant pertussis infection should be evaluated by targeted sequencing. The specific plan is as follows:

At 15: 16 (more than 2 hours after sampling), the quick test results show that:

At noon on June 22nd (the second day after seeing a doctor), targeted sequencing showed that:

Through this case, we can draw the following conclusions:

1. The Bordetella pertussis detected this time is accurate (confirmed by sequencing).

2. The Streptococcus pneumoniae strain detected this time is false positive (negated by sequencing).

Why is there a false positive?

It is speculated that the primer design for rapid detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in laboratory has defects and insufficient specificity, and Streptococcus angina with similar nucleic acid sequence is mistaken for Streptococcus pneumoniae.

3. The Haemophilus influenzae detected this time is accurate (confirmed by sequencing).

4. Targeted sequencing can identify whether there is drug resistance gene mutation in Bordetella pertussis, which is convenient for drug selection.

Reminder again: We must seize the opportunity to treat pertussis, because at present, drug-resistant pertussis is the main epidemic in China, so compound sulfamethoxazole is recommended as the first choice for empirical treatment.

▲ Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of whooping cough in China (2024 edition)

02

Case 2

3 years and 7 months, I saw a doctor on July 13th (Day 2), and my medical history is as follows:

Initial diagnosis of acute laryngitis (mild). Because the symptoms suggest viral infection (especially parainfluenza virus), no pathogenic test was made at the first diagnosis.

The children returned home with high fever that day, and the parents made a quick inspection of the US delegation. The results are as follows:

You see, the US Mission has detected three kinds of "conditional pathogens" quickly, but there is no parainfluenza virus detection project, which makes parents feel strange.

In the next few days, the progress of this child’s illness is worrying.

On the 14th (Day 3), repeated high fever, the highest is 40.1℃.

On the 15th (Day 4), the highest temperature was 40.7℃. I went back to the clinic for targeted sequencing.

On the 16th (Day 5), sequencing showed that:

On the 16th (Day 5), the child developed yellow tears. His body temperature was 39.7℃ during the day and nearly 40.1℃ at 10 pm. My parents contacted me.

Combined with the sequencing results and the change of symptoms, I considered the virus combined with bacterial infection, and started amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium that night.

On the morning of the 17th (Day 6), the body temperature gradually dropped and pus increased. My temperature has been normal since the afternoon of the 17th.

Through this case, we can draw the following conclusions:

1. The Streptococcus pneumoniae strain detected this time is false positive (negated by sequencing).

2. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa detected this time is false positive (negated by sequencing).

3. The Haemophilus influenzae detected this time is accurate (confirmed by sequencing).

4. The parainfluenza virus detected by sequencing is the pathogenic pathogen that causes the initial symptoms of children, but the detection project has been cancelled by Meituan (which has been kept by JD.COM Quick Inspection so far).

5. The sequencing results are helpful for judging the virus combined with bacterial infection, and this result is also the basis for my difficult decision to start antibiotic treatment at 11 o’clock on the 16th.

03

Is home nucleic acid testing accurate or not?

Any new thing can’t be perfect, there will always be some problems that need to be constantly improved and improved.

Since it is an improvement, it should be improved as possible.

For example, it is very good to add pertussis and group A streptococcus detection items to the home quick inspection.

However, the US Mission cancelled the parainfluenza virus detection and increased the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae with low value, which is puzzling.

Pathogen detection is very important for the management of some infectious diseases, so we should have higher requirements, which is not too much.

If the test results are inaccurate, some pathogens will always be false positive, which will not only lead to patients’ (or their families’) worries, but also lead to wrong intervention, increase the doctor’s interpretation cost and waste the doctor’s time.

The two cases I cited earlier are just cases, which are not convincing enough. Whether home nucleic acid is accurate or not depends on a large sample survey.

We can collect enough home nucleic acid and targeted sequencing results, and then analyze the difference of pathogen positive rate; If a patient has done home nucleic acid and targeted sequencing at the same time, the control analysis is more valuable.

Ben WeChat official account plans to write a series of articles to discuss how to manage common upper respiratory tract infectious diseases by home quick check-up.

Here, I especially hope that the testing organization will make this product better. For example, quality control personnel should carefully analyze the test data, find out the reasons for the high detection rate of pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, resume the detection of parainfluenza virus, and cancel some unnecessary tests.

In order to make a more rigorous evaluation, we collect home nucleic acid test results from readers, and the requirements are as follows:

1. Provide a complete test report screenshot. If there are other pathogen detection reports (such as targeted sequencing or antibody detection results), they can also be provided together. Please cover the patient’s name.

2. Sampling sites (such as throat swab and nasopharyngeal swab) can be provided.

3. Can inform the patient’s age, main symptoms (such as fever, cough, runny nose) and city.

https://www.wenjuan.com/s/uuqEBnn/

Thanks for your support.

　

The pediatrician slides up to see the next one.

Original title: "Quick test of nucleic acid at home, is it accurate or not? 》

Read the original text

     

On July 16th, Chengdu Customs released the foreign trade situation in the first half of this year. The data shows that the total import and export value of goods trade in our province in the first half of the year was 365.91 billion yuan, up 21% year-on-year. Compared with the national import and export decline of 3.2% in the same period, the foreign trade of our province rose against the trend.

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, foreign trade import and export was once under pressure. In this context, our province’s foreign trade withstood the pressure and increased month by month, and the growth rate once ranked second in the country. How did you get this foreign trade "report card"? The reporter started an interview.

stable

In the strategy of industrial agglomeration and diversification, the "ballast stone" of Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Insurance Zone plays an obvious role.

At the press conference, a set of data was bright: in the first half of the year, the import and export of Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Bonded Zone was 248.91 billion yuan, accounting for 68% of the province’s total foreign trade in the first half of the year, and its contribution to the province’s foreign trade growth was as high as 84.7%. This is the first time that the import and export volume of Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Insurance Zone has been ranked in the national comprehensive insurance zone for 27 consecutive months.

"Chengdu’s foreign trade depends on Chengdu, and Chengdu’s foreign trade depends on the high-tech comprehensive insurance zone. It can be said that Chengdu’s high-tech comprehensive insurance zone played a very obvious role in stabilizing the province’s foreign trade in the first half of the year." According to the relevant person in charge of the Foreign Trade Department of the Department of Commerce, the products of some large foreign-funded enterprises in Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Insurance Zone are irreplaceable. These enterprises can adjust their production capacity on a global scale and effectively cope with the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on foreign trade.

From the perspective of industrial structure, Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Insurance Zone has actively undertaken industrial transfer since it was closed in 2011, attracting a large number of Fortune 500 companies such as Intel, Compal and Wistron, and gradually realizing industrial agglomeration represented by electronic information, aerospace, medical technology and other industries. In the first half of the year, the import and export of integrated circuits alone in the high-tech comprehensive insurance zone reached 146.24 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 33.3%, which was "indispensable" in stabilizing foreign trade.

"Adhering to the diversified market strategy has also achieved results." Pan Xudong, director of Chengdu Customs Statistics Department, believes that for a long time, the main foreign trade markets of Chengdu High-tech Comprehensive Insurance Zone have been developed countries such as the United States and the European Union. However, with the promotion of the "Belt and Road Initiative", the foreign trade market has gradually diversified. "It is typical to open up the ASEAN market. In the first half of the year, the high-tech comprehensive insurance zone imported and exported 60.54 billion yuan to ASEAN, up 42% year-on-year, much higher than the average growth rate of imports and exports in the same period."

new

Processing trade is still the absolute main force, and market procurement and cross-border e-commerce have sprung up.

On July 12th, a special market procurement trade train loaded with printer accessories, hand tools, LED lights and other products, with a total value of 4.46 million US dollars, passed through Qingbaijiang Customs, passed through Alashankou Port and sailed to Hungary. From reporting, verification to customs clearance, this special train cargo only took one day.

This new trade mode is injecting new kinetic energy into import and export. From the perspective of trade structure, in the first half of the year, our province imported and exported 231.5 billion yuan by processing trade, accounting for 63.3% of the total foreign trade value in the same period, and it is still the absolute main force. However, the press conference revealed that in the first half of the year, our province exported 2.23 billion yuan through market procurement trade, an increase of 26.9 times.

"Market procurement trade refers to the trade mode in which qualified operators purchase goods in the market agglomeration area recognized by the state commerce authorities and other departments, and the value of goods with a single ticket declaration form is less than 150,000 US dollars (inclusive), and the export goods are cleared at the place of purchase." Yang Jianmin, director of Chengdu jinniu district Market Procurement and Trade Service Center, said that this kind of foreign trade list is small and miscellaneous, exempt from value-added tax, flexible in settlement and convenient in customs clearance, so that individual industrial and commercial households can directly participate in foreign trade.

Affected by the epidemic, cross-border e-commerce has sprung up. The press conference revealed that the import and export of cross-border e-commerce in our province in the first half of the year was 580 million yuan, an increase of 85.6%. Take Chengdu International Railway Port as an example. In the first half of the year, the cross-border e-commerce transaction volume of the port totaled 1.76 million, up 970% year-on-year, showing an explosive growth trend. "The epidemic has led to the closure of sea and air transport in many countries, and the comprehensive advantages of China-Europe train (Chengdu) are highlighted by transportation and trade." Zeng Yi, Minister of International Liaison Department of Chengdu qingbaijiang district International Railway Port Management Committee, introduced.

"During the Spring Festival, tens of thousands of cross-border e-commerce orders were stranded due to the epidemic. After Chengdu International Railway Port opened the cross-border direct mail export process, it quickly eased the pressure of accumulating orders." Yolanda, general manager of Chengdu Maibang E-Commerce Co., Ltd. said that cross-border direct mail export allowed more domestic small commodities to be sold abroad, and with the help of Chengdu Customs through the "green channel", the business of many cross-border e-commerce enterprises grew rapidly.

foot

A number of real money and silver policies have stabilized confidence and cultivated transformation and upgrading bases to support steady development.

Not long ago, 50,000 copies of COVID-19 nucleic acid detection kit goods produced by Sichuan New Healthy Biological Co., Ltd. were sent to Germany by air after completing customs declaration at Chengdu Customs. "From warehousing to customs clearance, this batch of kits only waited for 5 days." Lin Yuan, general manager of New Health Cheng, introduced.

For the first time to explore the foreign trade market, Lin Yuan’s convenience comes from a favorable policy: at the end of April this year, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs implemented a "white list" system for the export of pharmaceutical products. Subsequently, the Department of Commerce coordinated relevant departments to guide enterprises to fill in information, and reported a number of high-quality enterprises with new health status to the "white list". "For enterprises entering the list, we will arrange special personnel to dock and pay close attention to export demand; Under the premise of biological safety control, the quarantine approval application form will be inspected with the report, and the’ zero delay’ will be quickly checked and released. " The relevant person in charge of Chengdu Customs introduced.

This is just a microcosm of many safeguard measures to stabilize foreign trade in our province under the impact of the epidemic. In the first half of the year, our province successively issued the Notice on Nine Measures to Support Foreign Trade Enterprises to Respond to the Epidemic Situation and Stabilize the Development of Foreign Trade, and the Notice on Carrying out the Joint Action of Financial Support for Foreign Trade Enterprises in our province to Resume Work, which helped foreign trade enterprises in many aspects, such as expanding financing, reducing logistics fees and legal relief. "It not only gives good real money and silver policies, but also helps enterprises build confidence to tide over the difficulties." Li Yuguo, director of the Provincial Institute of International Economy and Trade, thinks.

Measures to stabilize foreign trade are still advancing. Recently, nine departments, including the Department of Commerce, the Department of Economy and Information Technology and the Department of Finance, jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Foreign Trade Transformation and Upgrading Bases in Sichuan Province (2020-2025)", proposing that by 2025, 40 provincial-level foreign trade transformation and upgrading bases should be cultivated, making them an important support for the steady development of foreign trade in the province. "The first batch of 15 bases are currently being reviewed and cultivated, and the finance is expected to give relevant special support." The relevant person in charge of the Department of Commerce revealed. (Reporter   Luozhixiang)

　　The Work Plan for Improving Medical Services in Beijing in 2024 was recently released. In 2024, the city will realize the direct connection between more than 200 second-and third-grade hospitals and the unified platform of the city’s appointment registration. At the same time, tertiary hospitals or core hospitals of medical associations are encouraged to delegate a certain proportion of appointment examination authority to family doctors.

　　Encourage the delegation of appointment examination rights to family doctors.

　　In 2024, non-emergency medical institutions above the second level will implement a comprehensive appointment, and the appointment time will be accurate within 30 minutes; Optimize the unified platform for appointment and registration in the whole city and the appointment and registration service of secondary and tertiary hospitals, and realize the direct connection and information sharing between more than 200 secondary and tertiary hospitals and the platform number sources. Second-and third-tier hospitals should publicize the appointment registration process through multiple channels, display the real-name information and professional expertise of visiting experts, and provide online intelligent or manual consultation services to facilitate patients to accurately select registration departments; Optimize the registration process and simplify the operation links such as binding identity information; In the corresponding treatment unit, do a good job in interpreting the results after the patient’s examination results are returned.

　　Two weeks before the hospital’s regular numbering cycle, 22 municipal hospitals reserved the numbering sources for patients from other places who came to Beijing and made appointments for referral between clinics, and then put all the available outpatient numbering sources into regional medical centers and community health service institutions through the grassroots appointment referral platform, so as to fully guarantee the demand for family doctors to make appointments for referral. This Municipality encourages tertiary hospitals or core hospitals of medical associations to delegate a certain proportion of the authority of appointment examination to family doctors, and give play to the role of family doctors in appointment examination.

　　Promote online inquiry of waiting order.

　　Combined with the characteristics of clinical specialties and patients, second-and third-grade hospitals will carry out fine classification management on patients who see a doctor during normal hours, who are late for the number, and who continue to see a doctor after receiving the test results, and constantly improve the scientific and reasonable waiting and calling rules. In more than 30 hospitals, online query of waiting queue and call order can be realized.

　　Third-level hospitals will enrich the business scope of outpatient "one-stop" service centers, integrate the service functions such as stamp review, consultation and guidance, manual appointment, and convenience equipment rental, and strive to achieve "one cabinet for all"; Strengthen the management system of day surgery, continuously increase the proportion of day surgery to elective surgery, and reduce the burden of hospitalization needs; Continue to open a green channel for daytime surgery for primary medical and health institutions.

　　Medical institutions will pilot the management of "one bed in the whole hospital". The Municipal Health and Wellness Committee encourages qualified hospitals to conduct centralized management and unified deployment of beds in the whole hospital. Second-and third-level hospitals will comprehensively promote the mutual recognition of inspection results and the sharing of electronic medical records. More than 170 second-and third-level hospitals will realize online inquiry of inspection reports and medical images.

　　Update and release the map of rare disease diagnosis and treatment institutions.

　　The city will promote second-and third-grade hospitals to access the city’s Internet hospital service platform, and expand the connotation of Internet diagnosis and treatment services, from traditional diagnosis and treatment services such as online follow-up, appointment registration, prescription, drug distribution, inspection and appointment inquiry, and payment, to full-process services such as health management before diagnosis, health consultation, health assessment, disease screening, patient follow-up after diagnosis, and chronic disease management.

　　The coverage of the use of electronic bills for financial medical charges will be broadened, and the full coverage of the application of electronic bills for financial medical charges issued by patients with special diseases (emergency) and observation in municipal hospitals will be gradually realized; Gradually promote hospitals to provide patients with electronic bill printing services for financial medical charges through self-service equipment, artificial windows and other different ways.

　　In addition, the relevant departments will conduct a survey on the diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical institutions within the jurisdiction of this Municipality according to the second batch of rare diseases catalogue, synthesize the list of the first batch of rare disease diagnosis and treatment institutions and departments, update the list of rare disease diagnosis and treatment institutions and departments in this Municipality, and publish a map.